chore: release next to master

[oflynned]

Summary

• modernize the action and CI runtime to Node 24
• replace the legacy actions-toolkit dependency with maintained official Actions packages
• update the TypeScript, Jest, ESLint, packaging, and Docker toolchain
• add hermetic Git end-to-end coverage for commits, tags, branches, inputs, and push failures
• fix semantic bump detection for real GitHub push commit payloads (Not seeing minor version bumped when feat: is used #122)
• remove Codecov and obsolete Renovate configuration

Verification

• lint and typecheck pass
• 53 unit tests pass
• 8 end-to-end tests pass
• production dependency audit reports 0 vulnerabilities
• Node 24 Docker image builds successfully