fix(arborist): forward transitive overrides through linked store links (#9658) (backport release/v11)

[manzoorwanijk]

Backport of #9658 to release/v11.

Under install-strategy=linked, an override forcing a transitive dependency outside its dependent's declared range was applied on disk but reported as invalid by npm ls --all, which then exited 1 (ELSPROBLEMS); hoisted reports it as overridden and exits 0. It only surfaced when the overridden package's dependent was itself a transitive (store) package.

Link.recalculateOutEdgesOverrides only forwarded an OverrideSet to a store link's target when a rule named a direct dependency of the target, so the chain to a deeper dependent -> overridden edge never received the rule. The fix walks the target's subtree and forwards when a rule actually applies to a reachable edge (matched via getEdgeRule on name and spec, preserving #9357), and loadActual re-forwards through links once the tree is complete.

Cherry-picked cleanly except for a context-only conflict in load-actual.js and its test file: the unrelated packageExtensions and .npm-extension methods and the applies root packageExtensions to a linked actual tree test are not present on release/v11, so they were dropped from the resolution. Only this fix's changes are included.

References

Backports #9658