ralph-rlm

An OpenCode integration for long-running, hands-off coding work. Describe a goal, walk away, and come back to finished work. Behind the scenes a fresh agent keeps working in a loop — checking itself against your tests after every attempt — until the job is actually done.

It combines two ideas:

Ralph — the "just run the agent in a loop until it's done" technique (ralph-wiggum.ai). Instead of one long, drifting chat, each attempt starts with a fresh agent whose real memory lives in files on disk. Simple, relentless, and surprisingly effective for overnight-style runs.
RLM (Recursive Language Models) — instead of stuffing huge reference material into the context window, the agent treats it as a store it greps and slices on demand (arXiv:2512.24601).

You talk to one model in the OpenCode TUI — ralph-rlm/supervisor. Behind it, a small local helper runs the loop for you: it plans the work with you, starts a fresh worker for each attempt, runs your test command to decide "done," and carries lessons forward between attempts — all in the background. You steer in plain language ("status?", "pause", "the API changed, replan") and review durable files, not an endless chat log.

Why use it

Set a goal and leave. The loop self-corrects across many attempts without babysitting.
Your tests are the finish line. A verify.command you choose is the single source of truth for "done" — not vibes.
Memory you can read, edit, and trust. Progress lives in plain files (PLAN.md, notes, …) you can version and steer.
Plan before building. A short interview turns a one-line goal into a real plan with a definition of done — before any code is written.

How a run feels

You:   Add JWT auth; the test suite must pass.
Ralph: Let's plan first — refresh tokens too? which test command counts as "done"?
You:   yes, refresh tokens; npm test
Ralph: Plan locked (PLAN.md). Attempt 1 running in the background — ask "status?" anytime.

       …worker implements → verify fails → notes the reason → attempt 2 → verify passes…

You:   status?
Ralph: Done — verify passed on attempt 2. Summary is in CONVERSATION.md.

Quick start

Fastest path — let your agent set it up. From your project, install the setup skill:

npx skills add doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm

Then paste this to your coding agent:

Use the setup-opencode-ralph-rlm skill to install Ralph RLM in this project.

That's it — the skill inspects the repo, installs the wiring, picks a sensible verify.command, runs diagnostics, and offers to add Ralph guidance to your AGENT.md. Then jump to Start the provider.

Prefer to drive it yourself? The same steps by hand:

1. Install with the agent skill (recommended)

The two commands above are the whole step. The skill handles repo inspection, setup, config review, verify.command, diagnostics, and asks whether to add Ralph guidance to AGENT.md / AGENTS.md.

2. Or use the CLI directly

In your target repo:

npm install -D @doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm
npx @doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm setup

This path uses Node/npm; Bun is not required for end users.

This creates conservative project-local wiring:

.opencode/plugins/ralph-worker.ts
.opencode/plugins/ralph-session-bridge.ts
.opencode/plugins/ralph-autostart.ts — auto-starts the provider when OpenCode loads (skip with setup --no-autostart)
.opencode/ralph.json
opencode.json provider entry for ralph-rlm/supervisor

Existing managed files are skipped unless you pass --force. Preview changes with:

npx @doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm setup --dry-run

Manual examples remain in .opencode/opencode.provider.example.json and .opencode/ralph-provider.example.json.

For full setup options, including manual installation, see INSTALLATION.md.

3. Start the provider

After setup, the provider auto-starts when you open OpenCode (via the ralph-autostart plugin) — so you can usually skip this. To run it manually (or if you used --no-autostart / RALPH_AUTOSTART=0):

npx @doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm serve
# optional: --port 8787 --opencode-url http://127.0.0.1:4096
#           --worktree /path/to/your/repo

Supervisor LLM credentials (provider process). If you've already authenticated a keyed provider in OpenCode (e.g. Google, OpenCode Zen via opencode auth login), the provider auto-detects it — no extra config needed. To force a specific provider/model instead:

export RALPH_SUPERVISOR_API_KEY="..."
export RALPH_SUPERVISOR_MODEL="gpt-5.4-mini"   # + RALPH_SUPERVISOR_BASE_URL for non-OpenAI endpoints

Or .opencode/ralph-provider.json — see .opencode/ralph-provider.example.json. Check what resolved with curl http://127.0.0.1:8787/api/health (supervisor.ready / model / source).

4. OpenCode + supervisor model

opencode

Choose ralph-rlm/supervisor and delegate a goal:

Implement JWT auth; tests must pass when done.

The supervisor starts attempt 1 in the background. Ask status? anytime.

5. Verify setup

npx @doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm doctor --worktree .
# automated HTTP smoke (provider must be running with RALPH_TEST_MODE=1, or use --spawn):
bun run e2e-smoke -- --spawn

Documentation

Doc	Start here if you want to…
`GETTINGSTARTEDGUIDE.md`	Set it up and run your first loop (start here)
`INSTALLATION.md`	Compare install paths (agent skill, CLI, manual)
`MIGRATION.md`	Upgrade from the v0.1 plugin
`CHANGELOG.md`	See what changed
DeepWiki	Browse / ask questions about the codebase

The rest of this README is reference material — tools, config, the management API, and how it works under the hood. New here? Follow the getting-started guide instead, or ask DeepWiki anything about the code.

Plan before the loop

A loop is only as good as its PLAN.md — every worker treats it as authority over chat history. The interview-and-create-plan skill turns a vague goal into an authored plan before attempt 1, two ways:

Path A — supervisor runs it. When you delegate a goal and no authored plan exists, the supervisor enters a planning phase: it explores the repo (repo_search / repo_grep), interviews you to sharpen the goal and stress-test the design, writes PLAN.md via write_plan, agrees a strong verify.command with you (set_verify + run_verify to confirm it fails before the work is done), and only calls start_loop after you approve.
Path B — run the skill yourself. Run the interview-and-create-plan skill in a normal session (full tools, your chosen model). It writes PLAN.md to the path opencode-ralph-rlm plan-path reports (the active plan dir, not necessarily the repo root). Then switch to ralph-rlm/supervisor and say "go" — start_loop detects the authored plan and launches against it without re-bootstrapping.

Both paths share one source of truth: the skill at skills/interview-and-create-plan/SKILL.md (a repo-local copy overrides the baked-in default). start_loop never overwrites an authored plan, and when it does bootstrap a fresh one it weaves your goal in instead of leaving a placeholder.

How the loop behaves

Each user message is a short supervisor turn. Long work runs in the background:

You:  Implement JWT auth; tests must pass
Model: Started loop — attempt 1 running. Ask for status anytime.

[background: worker → idle → verify → fail → rollover → attempt 2 → …]

You:  status?
Model: Attempt 2. Last verify failed. Worker idle. …

Exit criterion: verify.command in .opencode/ralph.json (single source of truth for “done”).
Memory: protocol files in the active plan dir (.ralph-rlm/plans/<name>/, or repo root in legacy mode) — not chat history.
Workers: fresh OpenCode session per attempt; engine spawns via SDK.
Worker plugin: gates edit/bash until ralph_load_context(); provides FFF-accelerated rlm_grep, rlm_file_search, rlm_glob, and rlm_slice. Its ralph_* / rlm_* tools are hidden from your normal OpenCode sessions — they're denied globally and re-enabled only in the dedicated ralph-worker agent that workers run under.
Permissions: bash/edit prompts appear in the worker session TUI (answer there).

Protocol files

Created on first start_loop (bootstrap) and updated across attempts:

File	Role
`PLAN.md`	Goal and definition of done
`RLM_INSTRUCTIONS.md`	Worker playbooks (debug, refactor, repo conventions)
`CURRENT_STATE.md`	Scratch pad for the active attempt only
`PREVIOUS_STATE.md`	Snapshot after failed verify
`AGENT_CONTEXT_FOR_NEXT_RALPH.md`	Handoff: verdict + next-step instructions
`NOTES_AND_LEARNINGS.md`	Curated durable knowledge — editable, not append-only; link to domain glossary / ADRs / design docs
`CONTEXT_FOR_RLM.md`	Large reference — workers use `rlm_grep` + `rlm_slice` only
`SUPERVISOR_LOG.md` / `CONVERSATION.md`	Engine + worker progress feed
`.opencode/loop_attempt.json`	Attempt marker (worker `ralph_ask` sync)

Supervisor updates strategy via update_plan / update_rlm_instructions. Workers may patch PLAN.md / RLM_INSTRUCTIONS.md with ralph_update_plan / ralph_update_rlm_instructions when playbooks need to change mid-attempt.

Named plans (versions)

Protocol files live in a per-plan directory so you can keep multiple versions and switch between them:

.ralph-rlm/plans/
  default/      PLAN.md  RLM_INSTRUCTIONS.md  NOTES_AND_LEARNINGS.md  …  .state/
  jwt-auth/     …
  refactor-api/ …
  .active       → active plan name

Layout is set by plans.dir in .opencode/ralph.json (default .ralph-rlm/plans). Set it to "" or "." for the legacy root layout.
Backward compatible: if a repo already has a root PLAN.md (a pre-named-plans install) and no .ralph-rlm/plans, the legacy root layout is auto-detected and kept.
Switching: the supervisor exposes list_plans, select_plan <name>, and new_plan <name>. start_loop, read_protocol, and write_plan all target the active plan. The active plan is tracked by the .active pointer (per worktree).
Config location: ralph.json is read from .ralph-rlm/ralph.json first, then .opencode/ralph.json.
Markers (loop_attempt.json, pending_input.json) live in each plan's .state/ dir, so plans don't collide.

Default agent instructions

v0.2 ships opinionated defaults so loops work without hand-authored prompts:

Layer	Source	What it defines
Supervisor	`packages/provider/server/lib/supervisor-agent.ts`	Role boundaries, user-intent → tool routing, communication style
Worker system	`packages/engine/src/templates.ts` → injected by worker plugin	File-first protocol, one-pass lifecycle, anti-patterns
Worker spawn	`templates.workerPrompt`	Numbered steps per attempt (`ralph_load_context` → … → `ralph_verify` → STOP)
Bootstrap	`templates.bootstrapPlan`, `bootstrapRlmInstructions`	Initial `PLAN.md` + `RLM_INSTRUCTIONS.md` on `start_loop`
Rollover	`templates.continuePrompt`	Next-step block in `AGENT_CONTEXT_FOR_NEXT_RALPH.md` after failed verify

Customize without forking:

Variable	Overrides
`RALPH_WORKER_SYSTEM_PROMPT`	Worker system prompt (use `@path/to/file` for multiline)
`RALPH_COMPACTION_CONTEXT`	Context injected on session compaction
`RALPH_CONTEXT_GATE_ERROR`	Message when edit/bash blocked before `ralph_load_context()`

Tune RLM_INSTRUCTIONS.md and PLAN.md in your repo after the first failures — that is the durable steering surface for workers.

Supervisor tools (chat)

The provider supervisor LLM calls these internally — you steer in natural language.

Tool	Purpose
`start_loop`	Bootstrap protocol files, begin attempt 1 (launches against an authored `PLAN.md` when one exists)
`repo_search` / `repo_grep`	Planning-phase repo exploration (cross-reference the goal against the code)
`write_plan`	Write the authored `PLAN.md` after the planning interview is approved
`list_plans` / `select_plan` / `new_plan`	List, switch, or create named plans (versions) under the configured plans dir
`loop_status`	Attempt, paused/done/stopped, worker id, last verify
`pause_loop` / `resume_loop` / `stop_loop`	Control background orchestration
`peek_worker`	Tail of `CURRENT_STATE.md`
`read_protocol`	Read allowlisted protocol file
`update_plan` / `update_rlm_instructions`	Unified diff patches + changelog
`get_verify` / `set_verify` / `run_verify`	Read / write / dry-run `verify.command` — craft & validate the loop's stop condition with the user
`last_verify_output`	Raw verify stdout/stderr
`list_worker_questions` / `answer_worker`	Worker `ralph_ask` queue
`spawn_swarm`	Parallel side agents (declarative tasks)
`swarm_status` / `swarm_cancel` / `swarm_collect`	Manage swarms
`swarm_unsafe_runtime_code_eval`	Opt-in SDK script eval (localhost only)

Test mode (no external LLM): RALPH_TEST_MODE=1 npx @doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm serve --worktree .

Worker tools

Available in background worker sessions (ralph-worker plugin):

Tool	Purpose
`ralph_load_context`	First call every attempt — loads protocol files + agent rules
`ralph_report`	Progress to `SUPERVISOR_LOG.md` / `CONVERSATION.md`
`ralph_set_status`	`running` \| `blocked` \| `done` \| `error`
`ralph_verify`	Run `verify.command` once; then STOP
`rlm_file_search`	Fuzzy file search across the worktree
`rlm_glob`	Fast glob discovery, e.g. `*/.ts`
`rlm_grep` / `rlm_slice`	Search/slice large files (especially `CONTEXT_FOR_RLM.md`)
`ralph_update_plan` / `ralph_update_rlm_instructions`	Durable strategy patches
`ralph_ask`	Blocking question to supervisor (use sparingly)

rlm_file_search, rlm_glob, and rlm_grep use optional @ff-labs/fff-node acceleration when it is available. If the native package cannot load or scan, Ralph keeps working: rlm_grep falls back to its exact TypeScript file scan and the discovery tools return a structured unavailable reason.

Swarm parallelism

Run side parallel agents alongside the main verify loop (does not replace verify.command):

Spawn parallel agents for auth, api routes, and test fixes.

The supervisor uses spawn_swarm with structured tasks. Caps: swarm.maxConcurrent, swarm.maxTasksPerRun, maxSubAgents in ralph.json.

Unsafe script eval (opt-in)

swarm_unsafe_runtime_code_eval runs supervisor-authored TypeScript in a subprocess with an injected OpenCode SDK client. Disabled by default.

{ "swarm": { "unsafeEvalEnabled": true } }

or RALPH_SWARM_UNSAFE_EVAL=1. Scripts are audited under .opencode/swarm/runs/<id>/. Prefer declarative spawn_swarm for normal use.

Session correlation

OpenCode does not forward session IDs to custom providers by default. Load ralph-session-bridge.ts so each TUI session gets its own LoopRun.

Confirm after your first supervisor message: response header x-ralph-session-source should be header:x-opencode-session-id, not anonymous. See GETTINGSTARTEDGUIDE.md § Session correlation.

Management API

With npx @doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm serve --worktree . running:

Endpoint	Purpose
`GET /api/health`	Provider + OpenCode connectivity
`GET /api/loops`	Active loop runs
`GET /api/loops/:sessionId`	Loop status
`POST /api/loops/:sessionId/pause`	Pause
`POST /api/loops/:sessionId/resume`	Resume
`POST /api/loops/:sessionId/stop`	Stop + abort worker
`POST /api/loops/:sessionId/message`	Inject an out-of-band message to the supervisor (watchers/scripts)
`GET /api/swarms`	List swarms (`?sessionId=`)
`POST /api/swarms/:swarmId/cancel`	Cancel swarm

OpenAPI UI: http://127.0.0.1:8787/_scalar

External messages (watchers)

Scripts and schedulers can send the supervisor a message out-of-band — useful for "watch for X, then tell the supervisor." The message is recorded to the active plan's CONVERSATION.md / SUPERVISOR_LOG.md, shown as a TUI toast, and (by default) runs a supervisor turn so it can act autonomously (pause, replan, spawn a swarm, even start a loop).

# Discover the session id, then send a message
opencode-ralph-rlm sessions
opencode-ralph-rlm send-message -s <sessionId> -m "CI went red — pause and replan."

# Just notify (record + toast), don't run a supervisor turn:
opencode-ralph-rlm send-message -s <sessionId> -m "deploy finished" --no-run --source deploy-bot

Or hit the endpoint directly so any language/cron can drive it:

curl -s http://127.0.0.1:8787/api/loops/<sessionId>/message \
  -H 'content-type: application/json' \
  -d '{"message":"main branch updated — rebase and re-verify","source":"git-hook"}'

A watcher then becomes a small script the agent can write, e.g. PowerShell polling a condition:

while ($true) {
  if (Test-Path .\BUILD_FAILED) {
    opencode-ralph-rlm send-message -s $env:RALPH_SESSION -m "Build failed — stop and diagnose."
    Remove-Item .\BUILD_FAILED
  }
  Start-Sleep -Seconds 30
}

Body fields: message (required), source (label), toast (default true), runTurn (default true; false records + toasts only). The provider is localhost-only by default and the management API is unauthenticated — keep it bound to loopback.

Configuration reference

`.opencode/ralph.json`

Key	Default	Notes
`enabled`	`true`	Master switch
`maxAttempts`	`20`	Stop after N failed verify cycles
`verify.command`	—	Required for real loops
`verifyTimeoutMinutes`	`0`	0 = no timeout
`heartbeatMinutes`	`15`	Staleness warning threshold
`gateDestructiveToolsUntilContextLoaded`	`true`	Worker must call `ralph_load_context()` first
`agentMdPath`	—	Static rules file (e.g. `AGENT.md`)
`plans.dir`	`.ralph-rlm/plans`	Base dir for named plans. `""`/`"."` = legacy root layout
`plans.active`	`default`	Default active plan name (overridden by the `.active` pointer)
`fff.enabled`	`true`	Optional native search acceleration
`fff.scanTimeoutMs`	`10000`	Initial FFF index scan timeout
`subAgentEnabled`	`true`	Required for swarms
`swarm.enabled`	`true`	Declarative swarms
`swarm.maxConcurrent`	`5`	Parallel spawn cap
`swarm.unsafeEvalEnabled`	`false`	Script eval gate

Legacy keys (autoStartOnMainIdle, strategistHandoffMinutes, reviewer settings) remain in schema for compatibility but are ignored by the v0.2 provider.

Environment variables

Variable	Used by
`RALPH_SUPERVISOR_API_KEY`	Provider supervisor LLM
`RALPH_SUPERVISOR_MODEL`	Provider supervisor LLM
`RALPH_SUPERVISOR_BASE_URL`	Provider supervisor LLM
`RALPH_OPENCODE_AUTH_PATH`	Override path to OpenCode `auth.json` for supervisor credential auto-detect
`OPENCODE_BASE_URL`	Engine SDK (default `http://127.0.0.1:4096`)
`RALPH_PROVIDER_PORT`	Provider port (default `8787`)
`RALPH_WORKTREE`	Default worktree for `opencode-ralph-rlm doctor` / `serve`
`RALPH_TEST_MODE`	Scripted supervisor (tests / CI / smoke)
`RALPH_SESSION_DEBUG`	Log session correlation headers on completions
`RALPH_ALLOW_ANONYMOUS_SESSION`	Opt-in `anonymous` session key (`1`) — avoid in production
`RALPH_SWARM_UNSAFE_EVAL`	Enable unsafe swarm scripts (`1`)
`RALPH_WORKER_SYSTEM_PROMPT`	Override worker system prompt
`RALPH_COMPACTION_CONTEXT`	Override compaction context block
`RALPH_CONTEXT_GATE_ERROR`	Override context-gate error message
`RALPH_FFF_DISABLED`	Disable optional FFF worker search acceleration (`1`)

Architecture (under the hood)

You don't need this to use Ralph — it's here if you want to know what's running.

v0.2 uses a provider-as-supervisor design. The loop is exposed as a custom OpenCode provider model (ralph-rlm/supervisor), so you talk to one session while deterministic code owns verify, rollover, and worker lifecycle behind the API.

You — OpenCode TUI (model: ralph-rlm/supervisor)
        │  POST /v1/chat/completions (+ session bridge headers)
        ▼
packages/provider — Nitro :8787
  SupervisorAgent (LLM + tools)  →  LoopEngine  →  OpenCode SDK :4096
        │                                              │
        │                                              ▼
        │                         Worker sessions + ralph-worker plugin
        ▼
Protocol files (PLAN.md, RLM_INSTRUCTIONS.md, CURRENT_STATE.md, …)

Layer	Module	Role
Supervisor API	`packages/provider`	OpenAI-compatible `/v1/chat/completions`, management `/api/*`
Loop engine	`packages/engine`	Verify, rollover, worker spawn, swarms — no LLM orchestration
Worker tools	`packages/worker-plugin`	RLM tools, context gate, `ralph_ask`
Session bridge	`.opencode/plugins/ralph-session-bridge.ts`	Injects `x-opencode-session-id` on provider requests

The legacy monolithic plugin (.opencode/plugins-legacy/ralph-rlm.ts) remains for reference and is not loaded by default. Do not use ralph_spawn_worker() or ralph_create_supervisor_session() in v0.2.

Development and verification

bun install
bun run verify              # typecheck + 55 tests + Nitro build (CI uses bin/verify.ts)
bun run e2e-smoke -- --spawn   # HTTP smoke against ephemeral provider
bun run ralph-serve

Monorepo modules: packages/engine, packages/provider, packages/worker-plugin.

CI: .github/workflows/verify.yml

npm package

Published as a single package with subpath exports:

npm install @doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm

Import	Contents
`@doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm`	Legacy v0.1 bundle (`dist/ralph-rlm.js`)
`@doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm/engine`	Loop + swarm engine
`@doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm/worker-plugin`	Thin OpenCode worker plugin
`@doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm/provider`	Nitro supervisor server entry

Recommended for users: run npx @doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm setup, then npx @doeixd/opencode-ralph-rlm serve.

Recommended for development: clone this repo and run bun run ralph-serve.

Philosophy

Fresh worker context each attempt — state in files, not chat history.
Supervisor never edits repo code — workers implement; engine verifies.
Search-first RLM — rlm_file_search / rlm_glob to find files, then rlm_grep → rlm_slice for large references.
Verify is the contract — invest in a strong verify.command.

Credits

Ralph — the loop-until-done agent pattern. ralph-wiggum.ai is the reference for the technique: run a coding agent in a deliberately simple loop, keep its memory in files rather than an ever-growing chat, and let repetition do the work.
RLM (Recursive Language Models) — the search-first approach to large context, arXiv:2512.24601.

License

MIT (see package.json).

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 67 Commits
.github/workflows		.github/workflows
.opencode		.opencode
bin		bin
docs		docs
packages		packages
skills		skills
.gitignore		.gitignore
AGENTS.md		AGENTS.md
CHANGELOG.md		CHANGELOG.md
README.md		README.md
bun.lock		bun.lock
package.json		package.json
tsconfig.base.json		tsconfig.base.json
tsconfig.legacy-plugin.json		tsconfig.legacy-plugin.json
tsconfig.plugin.json		tsconfig.plugin.json

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ralph-rlm

Why use it

How a run feels

Quick start

1. Install with the agent skill (recommended)

2. Or use the CLI directly

3. Start the provider

4. OpenCode + supervisor model

5. Verify setup

Documentation

Plan before the loop

How the loop behaves

Protocol files

Named plans (versions)

Default agent instructions

Supervisor tools (chat)

Worker tools

Swarm parallelism

Unsafe script eval (opt-in)

Session correlation

Management API

External messages (watchers)

Configuration reference

.opencode/ralph.json

Environment variables

Architecture (under the hood)

Development and verification

npm package

Philosophy

Credits

License

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`.opencode/ralph.json`

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