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Add vitals/full metric export profiles and bound slot stats - #470

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@jamby77 jamby77 commented Sep 19, 2026 •

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Closes the planning-board item "[P1] Tiered metric export profiles (vitals / full) with bounded cardinality".

Today every connection can export an open-ended number of series: per-db keyspace series, data-derived pattern labels, and slot stats. This adds a bounded profile for operators who need to budget their TSDB, and bounds slot stats in the default profile.

What changed

  • METRICS_EXPORT_PROFILE=vitals|full (default full). vitals exports a fixed set per connection: memory, CPU, clients, keyspace totals, hits/misses, evictions, replication, persistence, cluster health and betterdb_poll_stale. No per-db, per-slot or pattern-labelled series.
  • The profile filters export only. Every gauge is still collected, so webhooks and OTel events that fire inside the update paths behave the same under both profiles. The scrape and the OTLP mirror read the same filtered registry, so they always export the same families.
  • Vitals budget per connection, pinned by tests: standalone primary 33, standalone replica 34, cluster primary 39, cluster replica 40, plus BetterDB's own Node.js process block once per instance. The count doesn't change with the number of databases, slots or patterns.
  • New gauges (both profiles): betterdb_keyspace_keys, betterdb_keyspace_keys_expiring (summed across dbs), and betterdb_rdb_changes_since_last_save, betterdb_rdb_last_save_timestamp_seconds, betterdb_rdb_last_bgsave_ok, betterdb_aof_enabled, betterdb_aof_last_bgrewrite_ok.
  • METRICS_SLOT_STATS_TOP_N (default 100, 0 disables the CLUSTER SLOT-STATS call). Slot stats were already limited to the top 100, but a slot that left the top 100 was set to 0 and never removed, so series built up over time toward 4 × 16384 per cluster connection. Slots that drop out are now removed, which caps full at 4 × N. Slot series are also cleared if slot stats become unavailable.
  • Blank values for either variable fall back to the default instead of failing boot validation.

⚠️ Behaviour changes under full

Two intended fixes change what the default profile exports:

  • After a failover, the previous role's series are removed. betterdb_connected_slaves goes away on a demoted node, betterdb_master_link_up / betterdb_master_last_io_seconds_ago go away on a promoted one, and betterdb_instance_info keeps a single series per connection. A query that expected betterdb_master_link_up == 0 to persist after a promotion will no longer match.
  • Slots that leave the top N disappear instead of reporting 0.

No alert rules or doc queries in the repo depend on either.

Before merge

Spec acceptance asks for top-N to be checked against a live cluster; that hasn't been done yet. Against a Valkey 8+ cluster with METRICS_SLOT_STATS_TOP_N=5: expect 20 slot series per primary, and slots that leave the top 5 removed, not zeroed.

Testing

  • SKIP_DOCKER_SETUP=true npx jest src/prometheus src/config src/otel-telemetry -w 2 → 17 suites, 206/206.
  • tsc --noEmit clean.

Stacked on #467 (feat/prometheus-metrics-auth), which is stacked on #462. Merge those first, or retarget once they land.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code


Note

Medium Risk
Changes default full export semantics (failover and slot series removal) and adds env-driven filtering that operators must align with dashboards and alerts; no auth or data-path changes.

Overview
Adds METRICS_EXPORT_PROFILE (full default, vitals for a fixed allowlist per connection) and METRICS_SLOT_STATS_TOP_N (default 100, 0 disables). Scrapes and the OTLP mirror both read a filtered exportRegistry under vitals, so high-cardinality families (per-db keyspace, slot stats, pattern-labelled slowlog/commandlog, etc.) are omitted from export while collection paths stay the same.

Also expands the shared “health” surface with aggregate keyspace gauges, RDB/AOF persistence gauges, cleaner replication series on role changes (including replica), and a single betterdb_instance_info series when version/role/OS labels change.

Under full (behavior fixes): cluster slot metrics use configurable top-N, remove slots that fall out of the top set (instead of leaving zeros that accumulated), and clear slot series when cluster/slot-stats capabilities are lost; vitals skips slot-stats calls entirely.

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Summary by CodeRabbit

  • New Features

    • Added configurable Prometheus export profiles: full and vitals.
    • Added configurable top-N cluster slot statistics, with an option to disable them.
    • Added aggregate keyspace and RDB/AOF persistence metrics.
    • Improved metric accuracy and cleanup when instance roles, version, operating system, or cluster slot rankings change.
    • Applied export profiles to both scrape and OTLP metric outputs.
  • Documentation

    • Documented export profiles, new metrics, configuration options, cardinality limits, and failover behavior.
  • Tests

    • Added coverage for profile filtering, metric outputs, cleanup, and slot-statistics limits.

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📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

Adds configurable Prometheus export profiles and cluster slot-stat limits. It adds persistence and aggregate keyspace metrics, removes stale role-dependent series, updates metric cleanup, and documents the new settings and metric behavior.

Changes

Prometheus metrics configuration and export

Layer / File(s) Summary
Configuration and export-profile contract
.env.example, apps/api/src/config/env.schema.ts, apps/api/src/config/env.schema.prometheus.spec.ts, apps/api/src/prometheus/export-profile.ts, apps/api/src/prometheus/export-profile.spec.ts
Adds full and vitals profiles, slot-stat limits from 0 to 16384, defaults, parsing, allowlist checks, and validation tests.
Profile-filtered metric export
apps/api/src/prometheus/prometheus.service.ts, apps/api/src/prometheus/prometheus.export-profile.spec.ts
Builds a profile-specific registry and uses it for text, content-type, JSON, and OTLP metric output. Tests cover series counts, profile exclusions, parity, and stale-connection cleanup.
Metric state and slot-statistics updates
apps/api/src/prometheus/prometheus.service.ts, apps/api/src/prometheus/prometheus.export-profile.spec.ts
Adds persistence and aggregate keyspace gauges. Removes stale instance and role-specific series. Applies configurable slot limits and removes obsolete or unsupported slot series.
Configuration and metrics documentation
docs/configuration.md, docs/prometheus-integration.md, docs/prometheus-metrics.md, docs/valkey-features.md
Documents export profiles, slot-stat limits, persistence metrics, aggregate keyspace metrics, failover cleanup, and cardinality behavior.

Priority: ⬇️ Low

Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~25 minutes

Change: Feature

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
  participant Environment
  participant PrometheusService
  participant ExportRegistry
  participant MetricsEndpoint
  Environment->>PrometheusService: Provide export profile and slot-stat limit
  PrometheusService->>ExportRegistry: Build the selected export registry
  MetricsEndpoint->>ExportRegistry: Collect metrics
  ExportRegistry-->>MetricsEndpoint: Return filtered metric output
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Suggested reviewers: kivanow

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 4 | ❌ 1

❌ Failed checks (1 warning)

Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Docstring Coverage ⚠️ Warning Docstring coverage is 0.00% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 10 functions across 6 files. Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.
✅ Passed checks (4 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Title check ✅ Passed The title clearly and concisely identifies the two main changes: metric export profiles and bounded slot statistics.
Description check ✅ Passed The description provides a clear summary, detailed changes, behavior impacts, testing results, documentation context, and outstanding live-cluster validation. It does not use the exact template headin…
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
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Actionable comments posted: 1


  • 🪄 Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
In `@apps/api/src/prometheus/prometheus.service.ts`:
- Around line 1612-1618: Update the catch block around
runtimeCapabilityTracker.recordFailure so that when it returns true, the tracked
cluster slot series are removed and state.currentClusterSlotLabels is cleared;
preserve both existing values when it returns false for a transient failure. Use
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Comment thread apps/api/src/prometheus/prometheus.service.ts
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jamby77 force-pushed the feat/metrics-export-profiles branch from 3c1d8fa to 4237626 Compare September 19, 2026 16:12
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Actionable comments posted: 1

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⚠️ Outside diff range comments (1)

🟡 Minor · Clear slot series when cluster mode becomes unavailable. · prometheus.service.ts:1342

apps/api/src/prometheus/prometheus.service.ts:1342
🎯 Functional Correctness | 🟡 Minor | ⚡ Quick win

Clear slot series when cluster mode becomes unavailable.

When a previously clustered connection reports cluster_enabled !== '1', updateClusterMetricsFromInfo returns before updateSlotStatsMetrics. Clear state.currentClusterSlotLabels before this return so the old slot series are removed. The successful INFO response keeps the connection fresh, so removal cleanup does not run and stale slot series remain exported.

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In `@apps/api/src/prometheus/prometheus.service.ts` at line 1342, In
updateClusterMetricsFromInfo, clear state.currentClusterSlotLabels before
returning when clusterEnabled is false, ensuring stale slot series are removed
while preserving the existing early-return behavior.

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Inline comments:
In `@apps/api/src/prometheus/prometheus.service.ts`:
- Around line 1573-1577: In the method containing the capability check and
clearSlotSeries call, add an early return using isSuperseded(connectionId,
epoch) before slotStatsTopN handling and before any capability-based cleanup.
Preserve the existing capability check and clearSlotSeries behavior for current
epochs.

---

Outside diff comments:
In `@apps/api/src/prometheus/prometheus.service.ts`:
- Line 1342: In updateClusterMetricsFromInfo, clear
state.currentClusterSlotLabels before returning when clusterEnabled is false,
ensuring stale slot series are removed while preserving the existing
early-return behavior.

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Comment thread apps/api/src/prometheus/prometheus.service.ts
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jamby77 commented Sep 20, 2026

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Fixed the outside-diff finding (prometheus.service.ts:1342) in 2146951 as well.

updateClusterMetricsFromInfo now clears the tracked slot series on both early returns — when the connection stops reporting cluster_enabled=1, and when the canClusterInfo capability is unavailable. Both leave the connection fresh, so the staleness sweep would not have removed the old slot series. Tests cover both paths, plus the superseded-pass guard from the inline thread.

@jamby77
jamby77 force-pushed the feat/prometheus-metrics-auth branch from 83170b4 to 0c23b63 Compare September 20, 2026 14:51
@jamby77
jamby77 force-pushed the feat/metrics-export-profiles branch from 2146951 to bc82744 Compare September 20, 2026 14:51
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jamby77 force-pushed the feat/prometheus-metrics-auth branch from 0c23b63 to 0a584a2 Compare September 20, 2026 15:50
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jamby77 force-pushed the feat/metrics-export-profiles branch from bc82744 to af5ec18 Compare September 20, 2026 15:50
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jamby77 requested a review from KIvanow September 21, 2026 07:25

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The design is good - filtering export via a second exportRegistry that shares the same metric objects (so .remove()/.set() and the staleness sweep still work under vitals) is the right approach, and the scrape/OTLP parity test confirms it. The slot-stats leak fix (remove slots leaving top-N instead of zeroing them, capping at 4×N) is a genuinely valuable catch. I'm not approving yet for one reason plus two small fixes.

🔴 Required - validate the top-N removal against a live cluster. The headline fix (dropped slots are .remove()d, not zeroed; cleared when slot-stats/cluster mode go unavailable) is only exercised with mocks. Your own PR notes the Valkey 8+ cluster acceptance check hasn't been run. This is the path most likely to differ against real CLUSTER SLOT-STATS output. Please run METRICS_SLOT_STATS_TOP_N=5 against a real cluster and confirm: 4×5 series per primary, and slots leaving the top 5 disappear rather than report 0. That's my merge gate.

🟡 Should-fix while it's open (small):

  • updateKeyspaceMetricsFromInfo and updatePersistenceMetrics early-return on an absent INFO section (empty {} is handled, missing isn't), so the vitals gauges are silently omitted on such instances and the "fixed 33 series" guarantee under-counts. Either set 0 or document the caveat.
  • Replication cleanup only fires for role === 'master' | 'slave'; a missing/unknown role leaves the previous role's series behind. One-line guard.

Note: vitals reduces series count, not scrape cost (storage-backed collectors still run each scrape) - you've documented this, but since the troubleshooting section you edited is about >1s scrapes, let's make sure we don't point people at vitals expecting latency relief.

Run the live-cluster check, fold in the two guards, and I'll approve. (Stacked on #467 → #462; merge those first or retarget.)

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Comment thread apps/api/src/prometheus/prometheus.service.ts
@jamby77

jamby77 commented Sep 21, 2026

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Both should-fix items are in (f4faf83). The live-cluster check is still mine to run — I'll come back with the numbers before asking you to look again.

🟡 Replication cleanup on an unrecognised role — fixed. updateReplicationMetrics now clears all three role-specific gauges up front whenever the role is not master or slave, including when the # Replication section is missing entirely:

if (replication === undefined || (role !== 'master' && role !== 'slave')) {
  this.clearRoleSpecificReplicationSeries(connLabel);
  return;
}

Two regression tests, both confirmed failing before the change: a primary whose next INFO reports role: unknown, and a replica whose next INFO has no replication section at all. Previously the first kept betterdb_connected_slaves and the second kept master_link_up / master_last_io_seconds_ago forever.

🟡 Absent INFO sections — documented rather than zeroed, and I'd like to argue for that. You offered either; zeros are the more dangerous option here. betterdb_rdb_last_bgsave_ok = 0 reads as the last background save failed, and betterdb_keyspace_keys = 0 reads as this instance just lost all its keys — both are page-worthy signals, and a provider that strips # Persistence or # Keyspace would fire them on every scrape. An absent series is the honest encoding of "not reported", and it is what absent() and rate() consumers already expect.

So the behaviour stays as is and the guarantee now carries the caveat, in docs/prometheus-metrics.md next to the series table:

These counts assume the instance reports every INFO section. A managed provider that withholds # Keyspace or # Persistence yields that many series minus the withheld families — the gauges are omitted rather than reported as 0, so a stripped section never reads as an emptied keyspace or a failed background save.

There's a third test pinning that, so the omission is now a tested contract rather than an accident. Happy to flip to zeros if you'd rather have the fixed count hold unconditionally — say the word.

Note on vitals and scrape cost — agreed. The troubleshooting section is about >1 s scrapes and vitals doesn't help there; docs/prometheus-metrics.md already says vitals "lowers series count, not scrape cost", and the troubleshooting entry doesn't point at vitals as a latency remedy.

Rebased on the updated #467/#462 and force-pushed; src/prometheus and src/config are green at 197 tests.

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Cursor Bugbot has reviewed your changes using default effort and found 1 potential issue.

There are 2 total unresolved issues (including 1 from previous review).

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Comment thread apps/api/src/prometheus/prometheus.service.ts
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jamby77 commented Sep 21, 2026

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Live-cluster check done — both halves of the gate pass.

Setup: the repo's docker-compose.cluster.yml (Valkey 8, 3 primaries + 3 replicas, cluster_state:ok) on an isolated project and port range, with the API running from this branch against one primary at METRICS_SLOT_STATS_TOP_N=5. Keys were steered into chosen slots with hash tags.

1. 4 × N series per primary — confirmed. Every scrape carried exactly 20 betterdb_cluster_slot_* series for the connection (5 slots × keys, expires, reads_total, writes_total), values matching raw CLUSTER SLOT-STATS line for line. Control: 500 keys written into a slot owned by a different primary produced zero series on this connection — a node only reports its own slots, as intended.

2. Slots leaving the top N disappear rather than report 0 — confirmed. Slot 299 was inside the top 5 with 60 keys:

betterdb_cluster_slot_keys{connection="…:7101",slot="299"} 60
betterdb_cluster_slot_expires{connection="…:7101",slot="299"} 0
betterdb_cluster_slot_reads_total{connection="…:7101",slot="299"} 0
betterdb_cluster_slot_writes_total{connection="…:7101",slot="299"} 0

Another slot was then pushed to 200 keys to overtake it. Slot 299 still held all 60 keys (CLUSTER COUNTKEYSINSLOT 299 → 60), and on the next scrape it was gone from all four families — grep -c 'slot="299"' over the whole exposition returns 0, with the series count still pinned at 20. That is the removal path, not a zeroed series.

Two things the run surfaced that are not from this PR, but you should know:

a) 15 of those 20 series are structurally always zero. Valkey 8's CLUSTER SLOT-STATS emits key-count, cpu-usec and network-bytes-in/network-bytes-out. It has no expires-count, total-reads or total-writes, so betterdb_cluster_slot_expires, _reads_total and _writes_total are permanently 0 against any real cluster — only key-count carries information. The 4 × N budget holds, but it is 1 × N of signal and 3 × N of zeros.

b) the slot-stats parser drops every field after the first. MetricsParser.parseSlotStats reads entry[1] as a single metric pair rather than iterating the field list, so even with cluster-slot-stats-enabled yes the cpu-usec and network counters never arrive. It works today only because key-count happens to come first.

Both predate this PR and I've left them alone rather than widening its scope. (a) suggests either dropping the three dead families or repointing them at the fields Valkey actually reports — which (b) is the blocker for. Want them as issues, or folded into a follow-up PR?

Also in since your review: the unknown-role replication guard and the withheld-INFO-section caveat from the comment above.

@jamby77
jamby77 force-pushed the feat/prometheus-metrics-auth branch from 5532240 to 0737d9d Compare September 22, 2026 11:06
@jamby77
jamby77 force-pushed the feat/metrics-export-profiles branch from 855bb63 to 0385b6c Compare September 22, 2026 11:07
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jamby77 commented Sep 22, 2026 •

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Replayed onto the rebased stack (0385b6c3). #459 landed on master and conflicted with #462, so all three branches moved.

One conflict here, both sides pure additions to ConnectionMetricState — #459's four lastCve* fields against this PR's instanceInfoLabels. Kept both, in the interface and in the initialiser. Verified after: tsc --noEmit clean, 536/536 across src/prometheus, src/cve, src/config and src/metrics.

@KIvanow everything from your review is in, so this is ready for another look:

  • 🔴 live-cluster merge gate — run and reported (comment above). Exactly 20 betterdb_cluster_slot_* series per primary at METRICS_SLOT_STATS_TOP_N=5, matching raw CLUSTER SLOT-STATS line for line, and a slot with 60 keys still present vanished from all four families once it left the top 5 rather than reporting 0.
  • 🟡 withheld INFO sections — documented the caveat rather than setting 0, because rdb_last_bgsave_ok = 0 and keyspace_keys = 0 are both page-worthy false signals on an instance that simply withholds the section.
  • 🟡 replication cleanup on an unrecognised role — in f4faf83c, then corrected in 855bb63f: my first guard allowlisted only master/slave and so actively cleared the gauges on instances reporting role:replica. Bugbot caught it. Both spellings are accepted now, matching what metrics.service.ts and cluster-metrics.service.ts already do.
  • Note on vitals vs. scrape cost — agreed, and the troubleshooting section says so explicitly: vitals cuts series count, not scrape latency, since the storage-backed collectors still run.

Bugbot's "2 unresolved issues" banner above was generated against f4faf83c; both were fixed in 855bb63f and answered in-thread.

The live run also surfaced two pre-existing defects, neither introduced here and neither in scope for this PR: parseSlotStats reads only the first field of each slot's reply, and three of the four exported families (expires, reads_total, writes_total) name fields Valkey's CLUSTER SLOT-STATS never emits, so they have been constant zeros since they shipped. Happy to take them as a follow-up PR once this stack lands — let me know if you'd rather they were issues.

@jamby77
jamby77 requested a review from KIvanow September 23, 2026 06:16

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Re-reviewed after the rebase (0385b6c3). The merge gate is satisfied — thanks for running the live-cluster check and writing it up in that much detail; the 4×N budget and the removal-not-zeroing path are both confirmed against a real Valkey 8 cluster. Both should-fix items are in too: the unknown-role guard (clearRoleSpecificReplicationSeries) and the documented withheld-INFO-section caveat (omit rather than report 0 — I like that framing better than my "set 0" suggestion). Approving.

Two gates before it ships (neither is a code blocker):

  1. Stacked on #467 → #462; merge those first or retarget to master. Don't merge out of order.

  2. Please open issues for the two things your live run surfaced so they don't get lost:

    • (a) 3 of the 4 slot families (_expires, _reads_total, _writes_total) are structurally always 0 on Valkey 8 — the 4×N budget is 1×N of signal. Worth considering dropping those three families (it directly serves this PR's cardinality goal), but I'm fine deferring.
    • (b) MetricsParser.parseSlotStats drops every field after entry[1], so cpu-usec/network counters never parse. That's the real blocker behind (a) and a latent correctness bug.

    Fine as a follow-up PR or tracked issues — your call, just link them here.

Nothing else holding this from me. 👍

@jamby77
jamby77 force-pushed the feat/prometheus-metrics-auth branch from 0737d9d to e57f8e8 Compare September 24, 2026 07:56
Base automatically changed from feat/prometheus-metrics-auth to master September 24, 2026 08:05
jamby77 and others added 13 commits September 24, 2026 11:05
- METRICS_EXPORT_PROFILE='' now defaults to 'full' instead of
  failing enum validation at boot
- METRICS_SLOT_STATS_TOP_N='' now defaults to 100 instead of
  coercing to 0, matching resolveSlotStatsTopN's own blank handling

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
updateSlotStatsMetrics returned early without touching the four
slot gauges whenever hasClusterSlotStats or the runtime capability
tracker reported slot stats unavailable, so the last exported slots
stayed frozen at their old values indefinitely. Remove the tracked
slot labels on that early return instead.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
- Name METRICS_SLOT_STATS_TOP_N instead of a fixed "top 100" in the
  Cardinality Management and troubleshooting sections, and list
  METRICS_EXPORT_PROFILE=vitals as the first cardinality lever
- Same fix in valkey-features.md's slot stats cardinality note and
  performance section
- State that vitals only reduces what is exported, not what is
  collected each scrape

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
- Drop tracked slot series when recordFailure disables the capability
- Keep them through a transient failure
- Drop tracked slot series when a connection stops reporting cluster mode
- Drop them when the cluster info capability becomes unavailable
- Ignore a superseded pass before any slot cleanup
- drop the primary and replica gauges when INFO reports no role or a
  role we do not recognise, instead of leaving the previous role's series
- document that a withheld INFO section omits its vitals gauges rather
  than reporting zeros
- the role allowlist rejected role:replica, clearing the replica gauges
  on servers that report it; metrics and cluster collectors already
  accept both spellings
- a cluster-info failure that disables the capability now clears slot
  series at once, matching the slot-stats path
@jamby77
jamby77 force-pushed the feat/metrics-export-profiles branch from 0385b6c to b2dca12 Compare September 24, 2026 08:05
@jamby77
jamby77 merged commit 6bbd665 into master Sep 24, 2026
20 of 21 checks passed
@jamby77
jamby77 deleted the feat/metrics-export-profiles branch September 24, 2026 08:10
@github-actions github-actions Bot locked and limited conversation to collaborators Sep 24, 2026
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2 participants