diff --git a/lib/loader-helpers.js b/lib/loader-helpers.js
index 6b9c21b..e24d42c 100644
--- a/lib/loader-helpers.js
+++ b/lib/loader-helpers.js
@@ -37,20 +37,24 @@ function getStubsInfo (state, moduleUrl) {
  * @returns {string}
  */
 function transformModuleSource ([moduleKey, mockingInfo]) {
+  const mockingInfoSource = `globalThis[Symbol.for('__quibbleUserState')].quibbledModules.get(${JSON.stringify(
+    moduleKey
+  )})`
+
+  // Export names don't have to be identifiers (Node 24+ gives CommonJS modules
+  // a 'module.exports' one), so bind each stub to a local and export that
+  // under its name as a string
   return `
 ${mockingInfo.namedExports
   .map(
-    (name) =>
-      `export let ${name} = globalThis[Symbol.for('__quibbleUserState')].quibbledModules.get(${JSON.stringify(
-        moduleKey
-      )}).namedExportStubs["${name}"]`
+    (name, i) =>
+      `let __quibbleExport${i} = ${mockingInfoSource}.namedExportStubs[${JSON.stringify(name)}];
+export { __quibbleExport${i} as ${JSON.stringify(name)} };`
   )
-  .join(';\n')};
+  .join('\n')}
 ${
   mockingInfo.hasDefaultExport
-    ? `export default globalThis[Symbol.for('__quibbleUserState')].quibbledModules.get(${JSON.stringify(
-        moduleKey
-      )}).defaultExportStub;`
+    ? `export default ${mockingInfoSource}.defaultExportStub;`
     : ''
 }
 `
diff --git a/test/esm-lib/quibble-esm.test.mjs b/test/esm-lib/quibble-esm.test.mjs
index d9575ea..ea61323 100644
--- a/test/esm-lib/quibble-esm.test.mjs
+++ b/test/esm-lib/quibble-esm.test.mjs
@@ -30,6 +30,32 @@ export default {
     const result = await import('../esm-fixtures/a-module.mjs')
     assert.equal(result.default, 'default-export-replacement')
   },
+  'mock named exports whose names are not identifiers': async function () {
+    await quibble.esm('../esm-fixtures/a-module.mjs', {
+      'module.exports': 'module-exports-replacement',
+      'kebab-case': 'kebab-case-replacement',
+      'has "quotes" and \\backslashes\\': 'quotes-replacement'
+    }, 'default-export-replacement')
+
+    const result = await import('../esm-fixtures/a-module.mjs')
+    assert.equal(result['module.exports'], 'module-exports-replacement')
+    assert.equal(result['kebab-case'], 'kebab-case-replacement')
+    assert.equal(result['has "quotes" and \\backslashes\\'], 'quotes-replacement')
+    assert.equal(result.default, 'default-export-replacement')
+  },
+  'mock a CommonJS module with the named exports Node gives it': async function () {
+    // Node 24+ gives CommonJS modules a 'module.exports' named export, which
+    // testdouble.js's td.replaceEsm() passes along when imitating a module
+    const { default: _, ...namedExports } = await import('lodash/isPlainObject.js')
+    const namedExportStubs = Object.fromEntries(Object.keys(namedExports).map(name => [name, 'replacement']))
+    await quibble.esm('lodash/isPlainObject.js', namedExportStubs, () => 'default-export-replacement')
+
+    const result = await import('lodash/isPlainObject.js')
+    assert.equal(result.default(), 'default-export-replacement')
+    for (const name of Object.keys(namedExports)) {
+      assert.equal(result[name], 'replacement')
+    }
+  },
   'mock a module after it is used unmocked': async function () {
     const result1 = await import('../esm-fixtures/a-module.mjs')
     assert.deepEqual({ ...result1 }, {