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Automated Backups --
* It allows you to take daily snapshots up until 35 days. Default is for 7 days.
* Automated Backup is allowed by default.
* It'sstored in S3. Free storage worth the size of RDs is given. 10 GB RDS instance will give you 10GB in S3.
* Latency can be experienced while backup is going on. Choose proper backup window.
* DB snapshots are done manually. They are stored even after RDS instance has been deleted, unlike automated backups.
* Restoring automated backup or snapshot will result in new instance.
* Encryption is supported for SQL DBs. It is done using AWS KMS. This results in data stored at rest being encrypted as are backups, read replicas and snapshots.
* Encrypting an existing DB instance is not supported.
* To encrypt entirely new DB is to be created.
* Can restore DB to an automated backup or full snapshot or point in time of a snapshot.
* Cannot encrypt using restoring unencrypted snapshot.
* Multi AZ allows you to have an exact copy in another AZ.
* This helps for maintenance.
* Used for disaster recovery. Not for performance for which read replica is the one to use.
Read Replica --
* Uses asynchronous replication and creates exact copy from where read operation can work unlike in multi AZ.
* Read replica of read replica is allowed. Upto 5 read replicas is allowed.
* For test or dev purpose it can be done. It is used by changing connection strings in EC2 instances.
* Supported DB types --
* MySQL
* Postgre SQL
* MariaDB
TIPS --
* Read replica for scaling not for disaster recovery.
* Multi AZ for disaster recovery.
* For read intensive applications, use Read replica or Elasticache.
* Read replicas need automatic backups setup.
* More read replicas of read replicas increases latency.
* Each read replica has it's own DNS endpoint.
* Read replcas cannot have multi AZ.
* Read replica can be turned on for multi AZ turned on DB.
* Read replicas can be turned on to be their own databases. This breaks the replication. This is done if you want to write to it.
* Read replicas can't be written into.