Implement major math functions #436

Job	Run time
ruby-versions / Generate Ruby versions	2s
ubuntu-latest 2.7	1m 3s
ubuntu-latest 3.0	34s
ubuntu-latest 3.1	37s
ubuntu-latest 3.2	36s
ubuntu-latest 3.3	39s
ubuntu-latest 3.4	36s
ubuntu-latest debug	47s
ubuntu-latest head	35s
macos-latest 2.7	56s
macos-latest 3.0	24s
macos-latest 3.1	29s
macos-latest 3.2	25s
macos-latest 3.3	22s
macos-latest 3.4	21s
macos-latest debug	28s
macos-latest head	22s
macos-14 2.7	55s
macos-14 3.0	25s
macos-14 3.1	29s
macos-14 3.2	28s
macos-14 3.3	21s
macos-14 3.4	22s
macos-14 debug	27s
macos-14 head	22s
windows-latest 2.7	5m 40s
windows-latest 3.3	3m 6s
windows-latest 3.4	3m 20s
windows-latest head	3m 19s
windows-latest mingw	4m 12s
windows-latest mswin	2m 59s
	35m 41s

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