diff --git a/graph_weather/utils/input_validation.py b/graph_weather/utils/input_validation.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..65b7dcce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graph_weather/utils/input_validation.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import torch
+
+
+def validate_model_input(x):
+    if not isinstance(x, torch.Tensor):
+        raise TypeError(f"Expected input to be torch.Tensor, got {type(x)}")
+
+    if x.ndim != 3:
+        raise ValueError(f"Expected input shape [batch, nodes, features], got {x.shape}")
+
+    if x.size(1) <= 0 or x.size(2) <= 0:
+        raise ValueError(f"Input tensor must have non-zero nodes and features, got {x.shape}")
diff --git a/tests/test_input_validation.py b/tests/test_input_validation.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e1746d35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_input_validation.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+import torch
+
+PROJECT_ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+
+UTILS_PATH = PROJECT_ROOT / "graph_weather" / "utils"
+sys.path.insert(0, str(UTILS_PATH))
+
+from input_validation import validate_model_input
+
+
+def test_rejects_invalid_shape():
+    x = torch.randn(100, 64)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Expected input shape"):
+        validate_model_input(x)
+
+
+def test_rejects_non_tensor():
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        validate_model_input([1, 2, 3])
+
+
+def test_accepts_valid_input():
+    x = torch.randn(2, 10, 5)
+    validate_model_input(x)