Unify Rust detection logic with SBOM mode, ownership mapping, and skip optimizations

src/Microsoft.ComponentDetection.Detectors/rust/IRustMetadataContextBuilder.cs

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+namespace Microsoft.ComponentDetection.Detectors.Rust;
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Microsoft.ComponentDetection.Detectors.Rust.Contracts;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Provides functionality to construct contextual metadata for Rust packages,
+/// specifically mapping package (crate) names to the <c>Cargo.toml</c> manifests
+/// that declare or reference them.
+/// </summary>
+public interface IRustMetadataContextBuilder
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Builds a mapping of package (crate) names to the set of <c>Cargo.toml</c> files
+    /// (supplied in dependency resolution order) that either declare or reference them,
+    /// and returns additional ownership metadata. Also returns a cache of raw Cargo metadata
+    /// per manifest so downstream detection code can avoid invoking <c>cargo metadata</c> again.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="orderedTomlPaths">
+    /// An ordered enumeration of paths to <c>Cargo.toml</c> manifest files. The order should
+    /// reflect dependency resolution (e.g. workspace root manifests first, followed by members).
+    /// </param>
+    /// <param name="cancellationToken">A token used to observe cancellation requests.</param>
+    /// <returns>An <see cref="OwnershipResult"/> with ownership and per-manifest metadata cache.</returns>
+    public Task<OwnershipResult> BuildPackageOwnershipMapAsync(
+        IEnumerable<string> orderedTomlPaths,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Represents the result of building Rust package ownership metadata.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class OwnershipResult
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Mapping from a package (crate) id to all <c>Cargo.toml</c> manifest
+        /// paths that declare or reference that package.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Dictionary<string, HashSet<string>> PackageToTomls { get; set; }
+            = new(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Set of <c>Cargo.toml</c> manifest paths that declare local packages.
+        /// </summary>
+        public HashSet<string> LocalPackageManifests { get; set; }
+            = new(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Raw <c>cargo metadata</c> JSON (already parsed) per manifest path (normalized).
+        /// This enables downstream detectors to reuse metadata without issuing
+        /// another CLI call.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Dictionary<string, CargoMetadata> ManifestToMetadata { get; set; }
+            = new(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+
+        // Manifests for which cargo metadata failed.
+        public HashSet<string> FailedManifests { get; set; } = new(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+    }
+}

src/Microsoft.ComponentDetection.Detectors/rust/Parsers/IRustCargoLockParser.cs

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+namespace Microsoft.ComponentDetection.Detectors.Rust;
+
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Microsoft.ComponentDetection.Contracts;
+
+public interface IRustCargoLockParser
+{
+    public Task<int?> ParseAsync(
+        IComponentStream componentStream,
+        ISingleFileComponentRecorder singleFileComponentRecorder,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken);
+}

src/Microsoft.ComponentDetection.Detectors/rust/Parsers/IRustCliParser.cs

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+namespace Microsoft.ComponentDetection.Detectors.Rust;
+
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Microsoft.ComponentDetection.Contracts;
+using Microsoft.ComponentDetection.Detectors.Rust.Contracts;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Provides methods to parse Rust <c>Cargo.toml</c> / workspace dependency information into the component
+/// recording system. Implementations may choose to invoke the Rust CLI (e.g. <c>cargo metadata</c>) or
+/// operate on already-supplied serialized metadata.
+/// </summary>
+/// <remarks>
+/// There are three entry points:
+/// 1. <see cref="ParseAsync"/> triggers a fresh acquisition (typically by invoking the Cargo CLI).
+/// 2. <see cref="ParseFromMetadataAsync(IComponentStream, ISingleFileComponentRecorder, CargoMetadata, IComponentRecorder, IReadOnlyDictionary{string, HashSet{string}}, CancellationToken)"/> consumes a pre-fetched <see cref="CargoMetadata"/> blob.
+/// 3. <see cref="ParseFromMetadataAsync(IComponentStream, ISingleFileComponentRecorder, CargoMetadata, IComponentRecorder, IReadOnlyDictionary{string, HashSet{string}}, CancellationToken)"/> adds support
+///    for multi-file / workspace ownership resolution by leveraging a parent recorder and an ownership map.
+/// </remarks>
+public interface IRustCliParser
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Parses Rust dependency information for the supplied component stream (generally a <c>Cargo.toml</c>)
+    /// by invoking the Cargo CLI (e.g. running <c>cargo metadata</c>) and recording discovered components
+    /// and dependency edges into the provided <paramref name="recorder"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="componentStream">The stream representing the manifest file being parsed.</param>
+    /// <param name="recorder">The per-file component recorder used to register detected components and graph edges.</param>
+    /// <param name="cancellationToken">A token that can be used to cancel the parse operation.</param>
+    /// <returns>
+    /// A <see cref="ParseResult"/> indicating success or failure (with failure reason and any relevant local
+    /// package directories that were resolved).
+    /// </returns>
+    public Task<ParseResult> ParseAsync(
+        IComponentStream componentStream,
+        ISingleFileComponentRecorder recorder,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Parses Rust dependency information using a pre-obtained <see cref="CargoMetadata"/> object, with support
+    /// for attributing discovered packages to owning manifests in a multi-project / workspace scenario.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="componentStream">The manifest stream being processed (used primarily for location context).</param>
+    /// <param name="fallbackRecorder">
+    /// A single-file recorder used if ownership cannot be resolved to a more specific recorder via the
+    /// <paramref name="ownershipMap"/> or <paramref name="parentComponentRecorder"/>.
+    /// </param>
+    /// <param name="cachedMetadata">The pre-fetched Cargo metadata describing packages and their relationships.</param>
+    /// <param name="parentComponentRecorder">
+    /// The parent recorder that can produce (or correlate) other single-file recorders used to correctly
+    /// attribute dependencies to their originating manifest locations.
+    /// </param>
+    /// <param name="ownershipMap">
+    /// A mapping of package ID (or equivalent key) to a set of manifest file paths indicating ownership.
+    /// Used to decide which recorder should own which package entries.
+    /// </param>
+    /// <param name="cancellationToken">A token to cancel the operation.</param>
+    /// <returns>A <see cref="ParseResult"/> containing success state and any local package directories discovered.</returns>
+    public Task<ParseResult> ParseFromMetadataAsync(
+        IComponentStream componentStream,
+        ISingleFileComponentRecorder fallbackRecorder,
+        CargoMetadata cachedMetadata,
+        IComponentRecorder parentComponentRecorder,
+        IReadOnlyDictionary<string, HashSet<string>> ownershipMap,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Result of parsing a Cargo.toml file.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class ParseResult
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets or sets a value indicating whether parsing was successful.
+        /// </summary>
+        public bool Success { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets or sets the error message if parsing failed.
+        /// </summary>
+        public string ErrorMessage { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets or sets the reason for failure if parsing failed.
+        /// </summary>
+        public string FailureReason { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets or sets the local package directories that should be marked as visited.
+        /// This allows upstream client to skip TOMLs that were already accounted for in this run.
+        /// </summary>
+        public HashSet<string> LocalPackageDirectories { get; set; } = [];
+    }
+}

src/Microsoft.ComponentDetection.Detectors/rust/Parsers/IRustSbomParser.cs

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+namespace Microsoft.ComponentDetection.Detectors.Rust;
+
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Microsoft.ComponentDetection.Contracts;
+
+public interface IRustSbomParser
+{
+    public Task<int?> ParseAsync(
+        IComponentStream componentStream,
+        ISingleFileComponentRecorder recorder,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken);
+
+    public Task<int?> ParseWithOwnershipAsync(
+        IComponentStream componentStream,
+        ISingleFileComponentRecorder sbomRecorder,
+        IComponentRecorder parentComponentRecorder,
+        IReadOnlyDictionary<string, HashSet<string>> ownershipMap,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken);
+}