Make rewrites less dynamic

[gussmith23]

A lot of our rewrites are dynamic for "dumb" reasons. E.g. we often need to calculate a new axis argument by inspecting Analysis data. Often these calculations are simple arithmetic. We can add simple arithmetic expressions to the language.

[gussmith23]

This might be a good first issue for people (with my guidance). It will require adding some things to the language and rewriting some rewrites.