diff --git a/FWCore/Concurrency/interface/SpinLock.h b/FWCore/Concurrency/interface/SpinLock.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..89b662f5a2ad9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/FWCore/Concurrency/interface/SpinLock.h
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#ifndef FWCore_Concurrency_SpinLock_h
+#define FWCore_Concurrency_SpinLock_h
+// -*- C++ -*-
+//
+// Package:     FWCore/Concurrency
+// Class  :     SpinLock
+//
+/**\class SpinLock SpinLock.h "FWCore/Concurrency/interface/SpinLock.h"
+
+ Description: A trivial lock which continues looping until the lock is acquired
+
+ Usage:
+    <usage>
+
+*/
+//
+// Original Author:  Christopher Jones
+//         Created:  Tue, 23 Jun 2026 14:12:13 GMT
+//
+
+// system include files
+#include <atomic>
+
+// user include files
+#include "FWCore/Concurrency/interface/hardware_pause.h"
+
+// forward declarations
+
+namespace edm {
+  class SpinLock {
+  public:
+    SpinLock() noexcept = default;
+    ~SpinLock() noexcept {}
+
+    SpinLock(const SpinLock&) = delete;
+    SpinLock& operator=(const SpinLock&) = delete;
+    SpinLock(SpinLock&&) = delete;
+    SpinLock& operator=(SpinLock&&) = delete;
+
+    // ---------- const member functions ---------------------
+
+    // ---------- static member functions --------------------
+
+    // ---------- member functions ---------------------------
+    void lock() noexcept {
+      //we acquire if the previous value is false
+      while (locked_.exchange(true, std::memory_order_acq_rel)) {
+        hardware_pause();
+      }
+    }
+    void unlock() noexcept {
+      locked_.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
+      ;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    // ---------- member data --------------------------------
+    std::atomic<bool> locked_{false};
+  };
+}  // namespace edm
+#endif
diff --git a/FWCore/Concurrency/test/test_catch2_spinlock.cc b/FWCore/Concurrency/test/test_catch2_spinlock.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..864263b12d6fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/FWCore/Concurrency/test/test_catch2_spinlock.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#include "FWCore/Concurrency/interface/SpinLock.h"
+#include <catch2/catch_all.hpp>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <thread>
+#include <chrono>
+
+TEST_CASE("SpinLock", "[SpinLock]") {
+  SECTION("construct/destruct") { edm::SpinLock lock; }
+  SECTION("lock guard") {
+    edm::SpinLock lock;
+    std::lock_guard<edm::SpinLock> guard{lock};
+  }
+  SECTION("thread") {
+    edm::SpinLock lock;
+
+    std::atomic<int> wait_count{2};
+    std::atomic<int> concurrent_count{0};
+
+    std::exception_ptr excpt;
+    std::thread t{[&lock, &wait_count, &concurrent_count, &excpt]() {
+      --wait_count;
+      while (0 != wait_count) {
+      }
+      try {
+        std::lock_guard<edm::SpinLock> g{lock};
+        auto v = ++concurrent_count;
+        REQUIRE(v == 1);
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+        REQUIRE(concurrent_count.load() == 1);
+        auto v2 = --concurrent_count;
+        REQUIRE(v2 == 0);
+      } catch (...) {
+        excpt = std::current_exception();
+      }
+    }};
+    {
+      --wait_count;
+      while (0 != wait_count) {
+      }
+      {
+        std::lock_guard<edm::SpinLock> g{lock};
+        auto v = ++concurrent_count;
+        REQUIRE(v == 1);
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+        REQUIRE(concurrent_count.load() == 1);
+        auto v2 = --concurrent_count;
+        REQUIRE(v2 == 0);
+      }
+    }
+    t.join();
+    if (excpt) {
+      std::rethrow_exception(excpt);
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/FWCore/Framework/src/EventProcessor.cc b/FWCore/Framework/src/EventProcessor.cc
index c9886db2c8eb1..1bd05a463b3f9 100644
--- a/FWCore/Framework/src/EventProcessor.cc
+++ b/FWCore/Framework/src/EventProcessor.cc
@@ -1605,6 +1605,7 @@ namespace edm {
                                      LuminosityBlockAuxiliary const& iLumiAux,
                                      WaitingTaskHolder iNextTask) {
     auto lbp = principalCache_.getAvailableLumiPrincipalPtr();
+    assert(lbp);
     iLumiStatus->setLumiPrincipal(lbp);
     //A new file may have been opened since the last use of the LuminosityBlock
     lbp->possiblyUpdateAfterAddition(preg());
@@ -1700,11 +1701,9 @@ namespace edm {
 
                     EventSetupImpl const& es = status->eventSetupImpl();
                     using Traits = OccurrenceTraits<LuminosityBlockPrincipal, TransitionActionStreamBegin>;
-
                     streamQueuesInserter_.push(*holder.group(), [this, status, holder, &es]() mutable {
                       for (auto i : std::views::iota(0U, preallocations_.numberOfStreams())) {
                         streamQueues_[i].push(*holder.group(), [this, i, status, holder, &es]() mutable {
-                          //the status increments the number of streams here if successful
                           if (!status->shouldStreamStartLumi()) {
                             return;
                           }
@@ -1820,7 +1819,6 @@ namespace edm {
       ServiceRegistry::Operate operate(serviceToken_);
 
       std::exception_ptr ptr;
-
       // Try hard to clean up resources so the
       // process can terminate in a controlled
       // fashion even after exceptions have occurred.
diff --git a/FWCore/Framework/src/LuminosityBlockProcessingStatus.cc b/FWCore/Framework/src/LuminosityBlockProcessingStatus.cc
index 6a6bc5641ed30..91aaed748db32 100644
--- a/FWCore/Framework/src/LuminosityBlockProcessingStatus.cc
+++ b/FWCore/Framework/src/LuminosityBlockProcessingStatus.cc
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 
 #include "LuminosityBlockProcessingStatus.h"
 #include "FWCore/Framework/interface/LuminosityBlockPrincipal.h"
+#include <mutex>
 
 namespace edm {
   void LuminosityBlockProcessingStatus::resetResources() {
@@ -25,13 +26,52 @@ namespace edm {
   }
 
   bool LuminosityBlockProcessingStatus::shouldStreamStartLumi() {
-    if (haveStartedNextLumiOrEndedRun())
+    //there is no more work to do for this lumi and some other stream
+    // is already processing this lumi
+    if (haveStartedNextLumiOrEndedRun() and aStreamStartedLumi_) {
       return false;
-
-    ++nStreamsProcessingLumi_;
+    }
+    {
+      std::lock_guard g{checkShouldStartStream_};
+      auto streamStartedLumi = aStreamStartedLumi_.load();
+      if (not streamStartedLumi) {
+        //at least one stream must process the lumi, and we are 'it'
+        assert(0 == nStreamsProcessingLumi_);
+        ++nStreamsProcessingLumi_;
+        aStreamStartedLumi_.store(true);
+        return true;
+      }
+      //check condition again as it could have changed since acquiring the lock
+      if (haveStartedNextLumiOrEndedRun()) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      //At this point, nStreamsProcessingLumi_ can't be zero since
+      // - if this were the first lumi then aStreamStartedLumi_ would have been false
+      //   and we wouldn't have gotten here
+      // - if we made it to `streamFinishedLumi` and it decremented the value to 0
+      //   that would happen while that routine held the spin lock and that function
+      //   will not be called until `haveStartedNextLumiOrEndedRun()` is true
+      //   therefore when this routine obtained the spin lock it would have passed
+      //   the test above and not gotten here
+      assert(0 != nStreamsProcessingLumi_);
+      ++nStreamsProcessingLumi_;
+    }
     return true;
   }
 
+  bool LuminosityBlockProcessingStatus::streamFinishedLumi() {
+    assert(haveStartedNextLumiOrEndedRun());
+    std::lock_guard g{checkShouldStartStream_};
+    //this must be done in the spin lock so that the changes to
+    // aStreamStartedLumi_ and nStreamsProcessingLumi_ happen
+    // atomically within shouldStreamStartLumi
+
+    if (0 == --nStreamsProcessingLumi_) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
   void LuminosityBlockProcessingStatus::setEndTime() {
     constexpr char kUnset = 0;
     constexpr char kSetting = 1;
diff --git a/FWCore/Framework/src/LuminosityBlockProcessingStatus.h b/FWCore/Framework/src/LuminosityBlockProcessingStatus.h
index fb4f360057076..efaafc034c3ef 100644
--- a/FWCore/Framework/src/LuminosityBlockProcessingStatus.h
+++ b/FWCore/Framework/src/LuminosityBlockProcessingStatus.h
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "DataFormats/Provenance/interface/Timestamp.h"
 #include "FWCore/Concurrency/interface/LimitedTaskQueue.h"
 #include "FWCore/Concurrency/interface/WaitingTaskList.h"
+#include "FWCore/Concurrency/interface/SpinLock.h"
 #include "FWCore/Framework/interface/IOVSyncValue.h"
 
 // forward declarations
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ namespace edm {
     void globalEndRunHolderDoneWaiting() { globalEndRunHolder_.doneWaiting(std::exception_ptr{}); }
 
     bool shouldStreamStartLumi();
-    bool streamFinishedLumi() { return 0 == (--nStreamsProcessingLumi_); }
+    bool streamFinishedLumi();
 
     //These should only be called while in the InputSource's task queue
     void updateLastTimestamp(edm::Timestamp const& iTime) {
@@ -107,10 +108,12 @@ namespace edm {
     WaitingTaskList endIOVWaitingTasks_;
     edm::WaitingTaskHolder globalEndRunHolder_;
     edm::Timestamp endTime_{};
-    std::atomic<unsigned int> nStreamsProcessingLumi_{0};
+    unsigned int nStreamsProcessingLumi_{0};  //guarded by spinlock
     std::atomic<EventProcessingState> eventProcessingState_{EventProcessingState::kProcessing};
     std::atomic<char> endTimeSetStatus_{0};
+    edm::SpinLock checkShouldStartStream_;
     std::atomic<bool> startedNextLumiOrEndedRun_{false};
+    std::atomic<bool> aStreamStartedLumi_{false};
     bool globalBeginSucceeded_{false};
     bool cleaningUpAfterException_{false};
   };
diff --git a/FWCore/Framework/test/BuildFile.xml b/FWCore/Framework/test/BuildFile.xml
index 4a218deeb17be..e96cf0239d941 100644
--- a/FWCore/Framework/test/BuildFile.xml
+++ b/FWCore/Framework/test/BuildFile.xml
@@ -195,6 +195,13 @@
   <use name="FWCore/Sources"/>
 </library>
 
+<library file="stubs/ConcurrentLumiAnalyzer.cc" name="FWCoreFrameworkConcurrentLumiAnalyzer">
+  <flags EDM_PLUGIN="1"/>
+  <use name="FWCore/Framework"/>
+  <use name="FWCore/ParameterSet"/>
+  <use name="FWCore/Utilities"/>
+</library>
+
 
 <bin name="TestFWCoreFramework" file="maker2_t.catch2.cc,productregistry.catch2.cc,edproducer_productregistry_callback.cc,event_getrefbeforeput_t.catch2.cc,generichandle_t.catch2.cc,edconsumerbase_t.catch2.cc,checkForModuleDependencyCorrectness_t.catch2.cc">
   <use name="DataFormats/Common"/>
@@ -398,3 +405,4 @@
 <test name="testFWCoreFrameworkCmsRunVarparsing" command="run_cmsRun_varparsing.sh"/>
 <test name="testFWCoreFrameworkCmsRunArgparse" command="run_cmsRun_argparse.sh"/>
 <test name="testFWCoreFrameworkCmsRunArgv" command="run_cmsRun_argv.sh"/>
+<test name="testFWCoreFrameworkBlockedLumi" command="cmsRun ${LOCALTOP}/src/FWCore/Framework/test/test_2_concurrent_lumis_with_blocked_event_cfg.py"/>
diff --git a/FWCore/Framework/test/stubs/ConcurrentLumiAnalyzer.cc b/FWCore/Framework/test/stubs/ConcurrentLumiAnalyzer.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..bb3194b9a3ffd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/FWCore/Framework/test/stubs/ConcurrentLumiAnalyzer.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// -*- C++ -*-
+//
+// Package:     Subsystem/Package
+// Class  :     ConcurrentLumiAnalyzer
+//
+// Implementation:
+//     [Notes on implementation]
+//
+// Original Author:  Christopher Jones
+//         Created:  Thu, 25 Jun 2026 14:53:01 GMT
+//
+
+// system include files
+#include <chrono>
+#include <thread>
+
+// user include files
+#include "FWCore/Framework/interface/global/EDAnalyzer.h"
+#include "FWCore/Framework/interface/Event.h"
+#include "FWCore/Framework/interface/MakerMacros.h"
+#include "FWCore/ParameterSet/interface/ConfigurationDescriptions.h"
+#include "FWCore/Utilities/interface/Exception.h"
+
+namespace edmtest {
+  class ConcurrentLumiAnalyzer : public edm::global::EDAnalyzer<> {
+  public:
+    explicit ConcurrentLumiAnalyzer(edm::ParameterSet const&) {}
+
+    void analyze(edm::StreamID, edm::Event const& iEvent, edm::EventSetup const&) const {
+      auto lumi = iEvent.luminosityBlock();
+      int count = 0;
+      if (lumi == 1) {
+        while (keepHolding_) {
+          using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+          std::this_thread::sleep_for(1000ms);
+          ++count;
+          if (count > 10) {
+            throw cms::Exception("WaitedTooLong");
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (lumi == 3) {
+        keepHolding_ = false;
+      }
+    }
+    static void fillDescriptions(edm::ConfigurationDescriptions& descriptions) {
+      edm::ParameterSetDescription desc;
+      descriptions.addDefault(desc);
+    }
+
+  private:
+    mutable std::atomic<bool> keepHolding_{true};
+  };
+}  // namespace edmtest
+
+DEFINE_FWK_MODULE(edmtest::ConcurrentLumiAnalyzer);
diff --git a/FWCore/Framework/test/test_2_concurrent_lumis_with_blocked_event_cfg.py b/FWCore/Framework/test/test_2_concurrent_lumis_with_blocked_event_cfg.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..e6fc5487c082f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/FWCore/Framework/test/test_2_concurrent_lumis_with_blocked_event_cfg.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import FWCore.ParameterSet.Config as cms
+
+process = cms.Process("TEST")
+
+from FWCore.Modules.modules import EmptySource
+process.source = EmptySource(numberEventsInLuminosityBlock=1, numberEventsInRun=3)
+
+process.maxEvents.input = 4
+
+from FWCore.Framework.modules import edmtest_ConcurrentLumiAnalyzer
+process.tester = edmtest_ConcurrentLumiAnalyzer()
+
+process.p = cms.Path(process.tester)
+
+process.options.numberOfThreads = 2
+process.options.numberOfConcurrentLuminosityBlocks = 2
+
+#process.add_(cms.Service("Tracer"))