helper.py

"""
Enhanced Gemini Helper Module
Provides hardcoded, evidence-aligned prevention measures and medications
for each disease based on risk percentages. All recommendations are detailed,
actionable, and relevant to the disease and risk level.
"""

def fetch_gemini_recommendations(disease: str, risk: float):
    """
    Returns prevention measures and medications for a given disease
    according to risk thresholds:

      - risk < 35%: 4 preventions & 4 medications (15-20 words each)
      - 35% <= risk < 70%: 6 preventions & 6 medications (20-35 words each)
      - risk >= 70%: 8 preventions & 8 medications (35-50 words each)

    Each prevention and medication is relevant, actionable, and safe.
    """

    disease = disease.lower()
    if disease in {"type-2 diabetes", "type 2 diabetes", "type-2 diabetes mellitus", "type 2 diabetes mellitus"}:
        disease = "diabetes"

    recommendations = {
        "diabetes": {
            "low": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Eat a balanced diet rich in vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein to prevent sudden blood sugar spikes.",
                    "Walk or cycle daily for at least 30 minutes to improve insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular health.",
                    "Check fasting blood sugar once a month to track your body's glucose response.",
                    "Avoid sugary drinks and processed foods to maintain steady blood sugar levels."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Consult a doctor for lifestyle guidance including diet and exercise adjustments to manage early risk.",
                    "Consider vitamin D supplements if deficient, as it supports insulin function and metabolic health.",
                    "Regular medical checkups help monitor risk and catch early signs of diabetes.",
                    "Metformin is usually not required at this stage unless prescribed by a physician."
                ]
            },
            "medium": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Spread carbohydrate intake evenly through meals and prioritize complex carbs to prevent sugar spikes.",
                    "Exercise daily combining aerobic and light resistance training to improve glucose utilization.",
                    "Monitor fasting and post-meal blood sugar at home to guide lifestyle adjustments.",
                    "Attend checkups with an endocrinologist to evaluate metabolic parameters and review lab results.",
                    "Maintain healthy weight through portion control and mindful eating to reduce diabetes progression risk.",
                    "Avoid late-night high-carb snacks to stabilize blood glucose levels overnight."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Take oral antidiabetic medication like Metformin as prescribed to control blood sugar.",
                    "Monitor HbA1c every 3 months to assess long-term glucose management.",
                    "Consult a nutritionist to adjust diet based on blood sugar trends.",
                    "Use cholesterol-lowering medications if lipid levels are high under physician guidance.",
                    "Track medication adherence carefully to ensure effective glucose control.",
                    "Discuss possible dose adjustments with your doctor if readings fluctuate."
                ]
            },
            "high": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Follow a strict diabetic diet avoiding refined sugar and high-glycemic foods completely.",
                    "Measure glucose multiple times daily, keeping detailed logs for your physician.",
                    "Engage in supervised exercise suitable for your condition balancing aerobic and resistance training.",
                    "Attend frequent medical consultations to review labs, adjust medications, and screen for complications.",
                    "Practice daily foot care and routine eye exams to prevent neuropathy and retinopathy.",
                    "Monitor blood pressure, cholesterol, and weight as part of comprehensive diabetes care.",
                    "Stay hydrated and manage stress with meditation or relaxation exercises.",
                    "Ensure consistent sleep patterns to help regulate blood glucose levels naturally."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Administer insulin therapy as prescribed and monitor dosages carefully.",
                    "Continue oral antidiabetic medications if advised by your doctor alongside insulin.",
                    "Monitor HbA1c and glucose daily to avoid hypo- or hyperglycemia.",
                    "Review medication adherence regularly with your healthcare provider.",
                    "Manage hypertension or hyperlipidemia with appropriate medications.",
                    "Adjust insulin doses during illness or changes in diet/exercise under medical supervision.",
                    "Maintain a log of all medications and doses for reference in emergencies.",
                    "Discuss combination therapy options with your endocrinologist if blood sugar remains uncontrolled."
                ]
            }
        },
        "coronary artery disease": {
            "low": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Eat a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins to support cardiovascular health.",
                    "Walk, swim, or jog for 30 minutes daily to improve heart fitness and circulation.",
                    "Avoid smoking and limit alcohol intake to reduce strain on the heart.",
                    "Monitor blood pressure periodically to ensure it stays within healthy limits."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Lifestyle changes are usually sufficient; medications are rarely needed at low risk.",
                    "Check cholesterol annually to detect early dyslipidemia and adjust diet accordingly.",
                    "Maintain a healthy weight through portion control and regular activity.",
                    "Consult a doctor if any heart symptoms like chest discomfort or palpitations appear."
                ]
            },
            "medium": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Maintain blood pressure and cholesterol within target ranges through diet, exercise, and regular checkups.",
                    "Keep a healthy body weight using portion control and a combination of aerobic and strength exercises.",
                    "Engage in moderate-intensity exercise five days per week to enhance heart function.",
                    "Practice stress reduction through mindfulness meditation, yoga, or deep breathing techniques.",
                    "Reduce processed food intake and increase fiber-rich meals to support cardiovascular health.",
                    "Monitor heart rate regularly to detect abnormal patterns or early warning signs."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Take anti-hypertensive medications exactly as prescribed to control blood pressure.",
                    "Use statins if needed to manage cholesterol and prevent plaque buildup.",
                    "Follow doctor recommendations on aspirin or anti-platelet therapy to reduce clot risk.",
                    "Consider beta-blockers or ACE inhibitors as advised to reduce strain on the heart.",
                    "Track medication adherence and side effects to discuss at checkups.",
                    "Adjust treatment with your physician if lifestyle changes do not achieve target values."
                ]
            },
            "high": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Adhere strictly to a low-sodium, low-fat, and low-cholesterol diet to minimize cardiac workload.",
                    "Follow a monitored exercise plan suitable for your heart condition with physician supervision.",
                    "Avoid all tobacco and alcohol to prevent further vascular damage.",
                    "Attend regular cardiac checkups including ECGs, echocardiograms, and lab tests.",
                    "Immediately report chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, or palpitations to a healthcare provider.",
                    "Maintain consistent medication schedules and monitor blood pressure at home daily.",
                    "Implement stress management strategies such as meditation and therapy to reduce cardiac risk.",
                    "Keep a clear emergency plan with family and cardiologist for urgent care situations."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Follow prescribed multiple anti-hypertensive medications to maintain optimal blood pressure.",
                    "Continue statins or other lipid-lowering drugs as directed by your cardiologist.",
                    "Use aspirin or clopidogrel if recommended to prevent clot formation.",
                    "Undergo frequent cardiac monitoring and lab tests to evaluate treatment effectiveness.",
                    "Follow combination therapy as advised including beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and diuretics if necessary.",
                    "Adjust medication regimens promptly if side effects or abnormal readings occur.",
                    "Maintain detailed records of medications, doses, and schedules for emergencies.",
                    "Ensure family and caregivers are informed about warning signs and intervention plans."
                ]
            }
        },
        "anemia": {
            "low": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Eat iron-rich foods like spinach, lentils, red meat, and fortified cereals to prevent mild deficiencies.",
                    "Pair iron sources with vitamin C-rich foods to improve absorption and utilization.",
                    "Include folate and vitamin B12-rich foods to support red blood cell production.",
                    "Monitor hemoglobin levels periodically to ensure they remain within healthy ranges."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Use oral iron supplements if mild deficiency is diagnosed as per doctor guidance.",
                    "Consult a doctor or nutritionist for personalized dietary recommendations.",
                    "Maintain follow-ups to monitor hemoglobin and ferritin levels.",
                    "Avoid excessive tea or coffee around meals to maximize iron absorption."
                ]
            },
            "medium": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Include iron, folate, and vitamin B12-rich foods daily to address moderate deficiencies.",
                    "Avoid foods or drinks that inhibit iron absorption during meals.",
                    "Perform regular hemoglobin and ferritin monitoring to track improvement.",
                    "Consult a dietitian for personalized meal planning to maximize nutrient intake.",
                    "Maintain a balanced diet to prevent further deficiency and related fatigue.",
                    "Track symptoms like weakness, pallor, and shortness of breath for medical review."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Take oral iron supplements as prescribed to restore iron levels effectively.",
                    "Use vitamin B12 or folate supplements to correct specific deficiencies.",
                    "Undergo periodic complete blood counts (CBC) to monitor response.",
                    "Adjust supplementation with doctor supervision based on blood results.",
                    "Address symptoms like dizziness or fatigue with timely medical advice.",
                    "Follow consistent medication schedules for effective treatment of anemia."
                ]
            },
            "high": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Follow a strict diet rich in iron, B12, and folate while avoiding substances that inhibit absorption.",
                    "Attend frequent medical checkups with blood tests to monitor anemia severity closely.",
                    "Consult a hematologist to investigate underlying causes and receive specialized guidance.",
                    "Monitor for severe fatigue, pallor, shortness of breath, or rapid heartbeat and report immediately.",
                    "Ensure strict adherence to all medical and dietary recommendations to prevent complications.",
                    "Plan daily activities to avoid overexertion and reduce strain on the heart.",
                    "Maintain hydration and adequate sleep to support recovery and energy levels.",
                    "Keep a detailed record of symptoms, medications, and lab results for physician review."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Receive intravenous iron therapy if oral supplementation is insufficient or rapid correction is needed.",
                    "Administer vitamin B12 injections for severe deficiencies under medical supervision.",
                    "Consider blood transfusions if hemoglobin drops critically low to prevent organ damage.",
                    "Monitor CBC and iron studies regularly to adjust therapy appropriately.",
                    "Use erythropoietin therapy if indicated by severity and underlying cause.",
                    "Follow medication schedules carefully and report side effects promptly.",
                    "Track hemoglobin and ferritin levels to ensure therapeutic effectiveness.",
                    "Consult your hematologist regularly for treatment adjustments and preventive strategies."
                ]
            }
        },
        "pneumonia": {
            "low": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Practice regular hand hygiene and avoid close contact with people showing active respiratory infections.",
                    "Keep vaccinations updated, including influenza and pneumococcal vaccines according to clinician advice.",
                    "Maintain good hydration, balanced nutrition, and adequate sleep to support immune resilience.",
                    "Use masks in crowded or high-risk settings if you develop cough, fever, or throat irritation."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Mild respiratory symptoms usually require supportive care unless a doctor advises targeted treatment.",
                    "Use antipyretics such as paracetamol for fever relief only as recommended by your clinician.",
                    "Seek early clinical evaluation if cough persists, breathing worsens, or oxygen levels drop.",
                    "Avoid self-starting antibiotics; treatment choice depends on confirmed cause and examination findings."
                ]
            },
            "medium": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Monitor temperature, cough severity, breathing rate, and oxygen saturation to detect deterioration early.",
                    "Prioritize rest, hydration, and protein-rich meals to support recovery from lower respiratory infection.",
                    "Limit exposure to smoke, dust, and pollutants that may worsen airway inflammation and breathlessness.",
                    "Follow strict respiratory etiquette and isolate when symptomatic to reduce disease transmission.",
                    "Arrange timely follow-up with a physician and repeat imaging if symptoms do not improve.",
                    "Use prescribed breathing exercises and positional strategies to improve ventilation and sputum clearance."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Take physician-prescribed oral antibiotics or antivirals only when indicated by clinical diagnosis.",
                    "Use bronchodilators or nebulization if advised for wheeze, airway narrowing, or dyspnea.",
                    "Continue fever and pain control medicines as directed while monitoring response.",
                    "Track all doses and timing to improve adherence and reduce partial treatment failure.",
                    "Review treatment within 48-72 hours if symptoms persist, worsen, or new signs appear.",
                    "Seek urgent care for low oxygen saturation, chest pain, confusion, or severe fatigue."
                ]
            },
            "high": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Maintain close medical supervision with frequent reassessment of oxygen, breathing effort, and systemic status.",
                    "Use strict infection-control precautions, including masking and minimal contact until clinically stable.",
                    "Ensure adequate fluid-electrolyte balance and nutritional support during acute respiratory illness.",
                    "Monitor warning signs continuously: cyanosis, persistent high fever, altered consciousness, and rapid breathing.",
                    "Escalate immediately to emergency care if oxygen saturation declines or respiratory distress increases.",
                    "Avoid strenuous activity and maintain recovery-focused rest to reduce cardiopulmonary burden.",
                    "Coordinate care with pulmonology or internal medicine for severe or recurrent pneumonia episodes.",
                    "Plan follow-up chest imaging and lab monitoring to confirm infection resolution and prevent relapse."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Administer clinician-directed combination therapy, including intravenous antibiotics when severity requires admission.",
                    "Use supplemental oxygen therapy promptly to maintain target oxygen saturation ranges.",
                    "Consider hospital-based respiratory support, including high-flow oxygen or ventilation, if indicated.",
                    "Continue antipyretics and supportive medication protocols under strict clinical monitoring.",
                    "Adjust antimicrobials based on culture results, response trend, and antimicrobial stewardship guidance.",
                    "Monitor renal and hepatic function during intensive therapy to prevent medication-related complications.",
                    "Document adverse effects and update treatment plans rapidly with supervising specialists.",
                    "Follow discharge medication and review schedule strictly to avoid rebound infection or complications."
                ]
            }
        },
        "tuberculosis": {
            "low": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Ensure good room ventilation and avoid prolonged close contact in crowded indoor spaces.",
                    "Use a mask consistently when cough or respiratory symptoms are present.",
                    "Maintain balanced nutrition and hydration to support immune response during recovery.",
                    "Seek early clinical review if cough persists beyond two weeks or worsens."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Do not self-medicate with antibiotics; anti-TB therapy requires clinician-confirmed diagnosis.",
                    "Complete all ordered diagnostic tests, including chest imaging and sputum evaluation.",
                    "Use physician-directed symptomatic care while waiting for definitive diagnosis.",
                    "Attend follow-up promptly if fever, night sweats, or weight loss continue."
                ]
            },
            "medium": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Follow strict cough etiquette and mask use to reduce transmission risk to family members.",
                    "Improve indoor airflow and reduce exposure in shared enclosed spaces whenever possible.",
                    "Track symptoms daily including cough duration, sputum, fever pattern, and fatigue severity.",
                    "Prioritize calorie-dense, protein-rich meals to prevent further weight loss during illness.",
                    "Coordinate regular follow-up visits to assess treatment response and side effects.",
                    "Screen close contacts according to local TB program guidance and physician advice."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Start physician-prescribed first-line anti-tubercular therapy only after appropriate diagnostic confirmation.",
                    "Take every dose on schedule to reduce treatment failure and drug resistance risk.",
                    "Monitor liver function and other labs when advised during ongoing anti-TB therapy.",
                    "Report medication adverse effects such as jaundice, severe nausea, or visual changes immediately.",
                    "Continue treatment under directly observed or supervised protocols where available.",
                    "Review regimen adherence frequently with your clinician to optimize outcomes."
                ]
            },
            "high": {
                "preventions": [
                    "Maintain strict infection-control measures with masking, isolation guidance, and household risk reduction protocols.",
                    "Arrange urgent specialist evaluation for severe respiratory symptoms, hypoxia, or systemic deterioration.",
                    "Ensure frequent reassessment of nutrition, hydration, and functional status during active disease.",
                    "Use close clinical monitoring to detect complications such as hemoptysis or progressive breathlessness.",
                    "Coordinate comprehensive contact tracing and screening with public health support where applicable.",
                    "Avoid missed doses completely to reduce multidrug-resistant tuberculosis emergence risk.",
                    "Plan structured follow-up imaging and microbiological testing to confirm response trajectory.",
                    "Seek emergency care immediately for chest pain, confusion, or worsening oxygenation."
                ],
                "medications": [
                    "Continue full anti-TB combination regimen exactly as prescribed for the complete treatment duration.",
                    "Escalate to specialist-led protocols rapidly if drug resistance is suspected or confirmed.",
                    "Use inpatient care when severe disease, adherence barriers, or complications require close supervision.",
                    "Monitor treatment toxicity with scheduled laboratory testing and timely regimen adjustments.",
                    "Add supportive therapies, including oxygen or adjunctive treatment, when clinically indicated.",
                    "Document every dose and adverse effect to guide safe continuation of therapy.",
                    "Review susceptibility results and update medications promptly according to resistance patterns.",
                    "Coordinate multidisciplinary follow-up to reduce relapse and long-term pulmonary impairment."
                ]
            }
        }
    }

    recommendations["heart disease"] = recommendations["coronary artery disease"]

    # Determine risk tier thresholds
    if risk < 35:
        tier = "low"
    elif 35 <= risk < 70:
        tier = "medium"
    else:
        tier = "high"

    recs = recommendations.get(disease, {}).get(tier, {"preventions": [], "medications": []})
    return {
        "Risk Level": tier,
        "prevention_measures": recs["preventions"],
        "medicine_suggestions": recs["medications"]
    }

# Test Run
if __name__ == "__main__":
    diseases = ["Type-2 Diabetes", "Coronary Artery Disease", "Anemia", "Pneumonia"]
    risks = [10, 40, 70, 100]

    for disease in diseases:
        for risk in risks:
            print(f"\n--- {disease} | Risk: {risk}% ---")
            result = fetch_gemini_recommendations(disease, risk)
            print(result)