architecture: Improve collection creation logic

[david-allison]

Over the years, we have had many issues with 'startup paths' aside from AnkiDroidApp -> IntentHandler -> DeckPicker

In addition, we want to make this more complicated, by making MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE optional.

• Don't force full (F-Droid/GitHub) releases users to grant the All files access permission #13574
• Shortcuts/share to ankidroid should not crash the app when the file permissions are missing #16786

Aims:

• In the full flavor: MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE becomes optional
• The collection directory creation is deferred until a user has made the above decision
• All launchable activities need to handle 'user has not decided on MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE'
• withCol/getColUnsafe/etc... will be modified to throw, until this decision has been made
  • This means that setting the collection path is explicit, no longer implicitly performed in withCol