From 22257154d9753475ae693bda1943620472e98d77 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: zzylol <50204836+zzylol@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 4 Oct 2026 15:36:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] feat(planner): Pass 2 identical-expression rule as a
 Stage 1 sharing variant

Stage 1 now keeps two forms of the workload (#509 Pass 2): the queries as
written, and, when CSE merges something, the queries with identical
sub-DAGs shared. Stage 3 treats the variant as an outer choice: the
per-target dynamic program runs once per variant (the coupling guard also
checks targets reading a common input in the shared variant) and the
cheapest result wins.

plan_selection::plan_stages runs Stage 1 -> 2 -> 3; the facade and the
stage_pipeline devtool both call it, so the facade no longer pre-merges
and the devtool shows the shared variants.

A PromQL series has one sample per timestamp, so the identified scan now
declares (series identity, ts) as a key, which CSE's legality rule needs
to share the range selector.

Example 1: 1 -> 48 -> 48 -> 1; P44 (P20's choices over a shared input)
is selected at 52.201 vs 79.401.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
---
 crates/devtools/src/bin/stage_pipeline.rs     |     68 +-
 .../tests/planner_layering_example1.rs        |    162 +-
 crates/logical-optimizer/src/lib.rs           |      8 +-
 .../src/pass2/identical_expressions.rs        |    142 +
 crates/logical-optimizer/src/pass2/mod.rs     |      4 +-
 crates/plan-selection/src/lib.rs              |    512 +-
 crates/planner/src/pass/stage_pipeline.rs     |     30 +-
 crates/planner/tests/e2e_plan.rs              |      4 +-
 .../planner/tests/stage_pipeline_selection.rs |     77 +-
 crates/types/src/ir/schema_support.rs         |      6 +
 .../planner-layering-example1-acceptance.md   |    133 +-
 .../examples/planner-layering-example1.json   | 101252 ++++++++++++---
 12 files changed, 82615 insertions(+), 19783 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 crates/logical-optimizer/src/pass2/identical_expressions.rs

diff --git a/crates/devtools/src/bin/stage_pipeline.rs b/crates/devtools/src/bin/stage_pipeline.rs
index 0062f5a1b..7ec5df23c 100644
--- a/crates/devtools/src/bin/stage_pipeline.rs
+++ b/crates/devtools/src/bin/stage_pipeline.rs
@@ -6,18 +6,22 @@
 // Writes an `asap-stage-pipeline/v1` document (tools/dag-viewer) with the
 // four planner stages (#509 MVP):
 //   - stage0_logical: the frontends' workload DAG, one root per query;
-//   - stage1_logical_asap: Pass 1 workload candidates, one per choice of a
-//     local alternative for every target (the Cartesian product), in
-//     enumeration order and capped by `--max-candidates` (default 64);
+//   - stage1_logical_asap: Stage 1 workload candidates, one per choice of a
+//     local alternative for every target (Pass 1, the Cartesian product), for
+//     the queries as written and, when Pass 2's identical-expression rule
+//     merges something, again with identical sub-DAGs shared ("· shared
+//     input"); in enumeration order and capped by `--max-candidates`
+//     (default 64);
 //   - stage2_physical_asap: one physical candidate per logical candidate
 //     (operator implementation only, everything at query time), no cost;
 //   - stage3_selection: per-candidate costs, the selected candidate, and
 //     every other candidate as rejected (`valid: false`, including one that
 //     could not be built) or costlier.
 //
-// The enumeration is the library's (`plan_selection::select_exhaustive`);
-// the facade's dynamic program selects the same winner when its
-// assumptions hold.
+// Everything is the library's `plan_selection::plan_stages`, the function the
+// facade runs; this tool only serializes it. Stage 3 here is over every
+// displayed candidate; the facade's dynamic program selects the same winner
+// when its assumptions hold.
 //
 // `--promql` may repeat. `--epsilon`/`--delta` apply to every `--promql`
 // query; without them the queries are exact. `--interval-ms` is the source
@@ -25,23 +29,17 @@
 
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
-use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::{
-    choice_index, enumerate_local_logical_candidates, LocalLogicalCandidates,
-};
+use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::{choice_index, combination_count, LocalLogicalCandidates};
 use asap_logical_optimizer::Realization;
 use asap_plan_selection::PlanningModels;
-use asap_plan_selection::{select_exhaustive, Selection, MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES};
+use asap_plan_selection::{plan_stages, Selection, MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES};
+use asap_plan_selection::{select_exhaustive};
 use asap_types::ir::flat::{flatten, FlatDag};
 use asap_types::ir::schema::SketchAlgorithm;
 use asap_types::ir::schema_support::with_promql_series_identity;
 use asap_types::ir::{OperatorNode, QueryRoot};
 use asap_types::types::AccuracyTarget;
-use asap_types::workload::{
-    AccuracyRequirement, BatchEntry, DataArrival, DataDistribution, DataWorkload, DurationMs,
-    Evidence, EvidenceSource, LatencyRequirement, PlanningWorkload, Predictability, Query,
-    QueryLanguage, QueryRecurrence, QueryRequirements, QueryTimeScope, QueryWorkload, Rate,
-    RepeatedDemand, RepeatingEntry, RepetitionInterval, TimeSelection,
-};
+use asap_types::workload::{AccuracyRequirement, BatchEntry, DataArrival, DataDistribution, DataWorkload, DurationMs, Evidence, EvidenceSource, LatencyRequirement, PlanningWorkload, Predictability, Query, QueryLanguage, QueryRecurrence, QueryRequirements, QueryTimeScope, QueryWorkload, Rate, RepeatedDemand, RepeatingEntry, RepetitionInterval, TimeSelection};
 use serde_json::{json, Value};
 
 const USAGE: &str = "usage: stage_pipeline (--example planner-layering-1 | --promql <query>... \
@@ -109,28 +107,44 @@ fn stage_pipeline(workload: &PlanningWorkload, max_candidates: usize) -> Result<
         })
         .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
     let stage0 = export(&roots)?;
-    let inventory = enumerate_local_logical_candidates(roots.into_iter().enumerate().collect())
-        .map_err(|e| format!("Pass 1: {e}"))?;
-    let owners = target_owners(&inventory);
     let targets: Vec<_> = workload
         .query_workload
         .entries()
         .map(|entry| Some(entry.requirements.accuracy.target()))
         .collect();
     let data = workload.data_workload.clone().unwrap_or_default();
-    let enumeration = select_exhaustive(
-        &inventory,
+    let run = plan_stages(
+        roots.into_iter().enumerate().collect(),
         &targets,
         &data,
         PlanningModels::builtin(),
-        max_candidates,
+        max_candidates.max(1),
     )
-    .map_err(|e| format!("Stage 3: {e}"))?;
+    .map_err(|e| format!("planning: {e}"))?;
+    let enumeration = run.enumeration.expect("display was requested");
+    let combinations = enumeration.combinations;
     let mut candidates = Vec::new();
     let mut stage2 = Vec::new();
     for candidate in &enumeration.candidates {
-        let index = choice_index(&inventory, &candidate.choice) + 1;
-        let label = label(&inventory, &owners, &candidate.choice);
+        // Candidates of the shared variant are numbered after the independent ones.
+        let mut offset = 0;
+        let variant = run
+            .stage1
+            .iter()
+            .find(|v| {
+                let found = v.shared == candidate.shared;
+                if !found {
+                    offset += combination_count(&v.inventory);
+                }
+                found
+            })
+            .expect("the candidate's variant");
+        let inventory = &variant.inventory;
+        let index = offset + choice_index(inventory, &candidate.choice) + 1;
+        let mut label = label(inventory, &target_owners(inventory), &candidate.choice);
+        if candidate.shared {
+            label += " · shared input";
+        }
         if let Some(logical) = &candidate.logical {
             let roots: Vec<_> = logical.iter().map(|(_, root)| root.clone()).collect();
             candidates
@@ -147,8 +161,8 @@ fn stage_pipeline(workload: &PlanningWorkload, max_candidates: usize) -> Result<
         "workload": { "queries": workload_queries(workload) },
         "stage0_logical": { "dag": stage0 },
         "stage1_logical_asap": {
-            "combinations": enumeration.combinations,
-            "capped": enumeration.combinations > max_candidates,
+            "combinations": combinations,
+            "capped": combinations > max_candidates,
             "candidates": candidates,
         },
         "stage2_physical_asap": { "candidates": stage2 },
diff --git a/crates/integration-tests/tests/planner_layering_example1.rs b/crates/integration-tests/tests/planner_layering_example1.rs
index 13903f878..b0fddc187 100644
--- a/crates/integration-tests/tests/planner_layering_example1.rs
+++ b/crates/integration-tests/tests/planner_layering_example1.rs
@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@
 //! MVP scope: Stage 1 = Pass 1 + the identical-expression rule only (no
 //! window-composition variants); Stage 2 = physical operator implementation
 //! only (no materialization). Counts follow the planner's output (user
-//! decision): 1 → 24 → 24 → 1, because Pass 1 also offers exact accumulators.
-//! The doc's 1 → 54 → 156 → 1 needs window composition and materialization.
+//! decision): 1 → 48 → 48 → 1, because Pass 1 also offers exact accumulators
+//! (24 combinations) and Pass 2 adds a shared-input variant of each. The
+//! doc's 1 → 54 → 156 → 1 needs window composition and materialization.
 
 use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, HashSet};
 
@@ -20,12 +21,7 @@ use asap_types::ir::schema::state_type::{GroupingStrategy, HydraKind, SketchAlgo
 use asap_types::ir::schema::FieldDataType;
 use asap_types::ir::{ASAPOp, Operator};
 use asap_types::types::AccuracyTarget;
-use asap_types::workload::{
-    AccuracyRequirement, DataArrival, DataDistribution, DataWorkload, DurationMs, Evidence,
-    EvidenceSource, LatencyRequirement, PlanningWorkload, Predictability, Query, QueryLanguage,
-    QueryRequirements, QueryTimeScope, QueryWorkload, Rate, RepeatedDemand, RepeatingEntry,
-    RepetitionInterval, TimeSelection,
-};
+use asap_types::workload::{AccuracyRequirement, DataArrival, DataDistribution, DataWorkload, DurationMs, Evidence, EvidenceSource, LatencyRequirement, PlanningWorkload, Predictability, Query, QueryLanguage, QueryRequirements, QueryTimeScope, QueryWorkload, Rate, RepeatedDemand, RepeatingEntry, RepetitionInterval, TimeSelection};
 
 type Payload = Operator<NodeId>;
 
@@ -36,9 +32,8 @@ mod stages {
     use std::rc::Rc;
 
     use super::*;
-    use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::{
-        compose_logical_candidate, enumerate_local_logical_candidates,
-    };
+    use asap_plan_selection::{plan_stages, MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES};
+    use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::{compose_logical_candidate, enumerate_local_logical_candidates};
     use asap_types::ir::{OperatorNode, QueryRoot};
 
     /// One whole-workload candidate. `query_roots` holds one root per
@@ -141,39 +136,41 @@ mod stages {
         candidate("S0".into(), "frontend".into(), lower(workload))
     }
 
-    /// Stage 1: every combination of Pass 1 local alternatives (Pass 2 is
-    /// not implemented). Lowers `workload` again: Pass 1 reads the in-memory
+    /// Stage 1: every combination of Pass 1 local alternatives, independent
+    /// and with the shared input (Pass 2), as the library's stage pipeline
+    /// enumerates them. Lowers `workload` again: Pass 1 reads the in-memory
     /// DAG, not the Stage 0 export.
     pub fn stage1_logical_asap(
         workload: &PlanningWorkload,
         _logical: &LogicalCandidate,
     ) -> Vec<LogicalCandidate> {
-        let inventory =
-            enumerate_local_logical_candidates(lower(workload).into_iter().enumerate().collect())
-                .expect("Pass 1");
-        let mut choices = vec![vec![]];
-        for target in &inventory.targets {
-            choices = choices
-                .into_iter()
-                .flat_map(|prefix: Vec<usize>| {
-                    (0..target.alternatives.len()).map(move |i| {
-                        let mut choice = prefix.clone();
-                        choice.push(i);
-                        choice
-                    })
-                })
-                .collect();
-        }
-        choices
+        let targets: Vec<_> = workload
+            .query_workload
+            .entries()
+            .map(|entry| Some(entry.requirements.accuracy.target()))
+            .collect();
+        let run = plan_stages(
+            lower(workload).into_iter().enumerate().collect(),
+            &targets,
+            workload.data_workload.as_ref().expect("data workload"),
+            PlanningModels::builtin(),
+            MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES,
+        )
+        .expect("plans");
+        let enumeration = run.enumeration.expect("enumerated");
+        assert_eq!(enumeration.candidates.len(), enumeration.combinations);
+        enumeration
+            .candidates
             .into_iter()
-            .enumerate()
-            .map(|(index, choice)| {
-                let roots = compose_logical_candidate(&inventory, &choice)
-                    .expect("composes")
-                    .into_iter()
-                    .map(|(_, root)| root)
-                    .collect();
-                candidate(format!("L{}", index + 1), format!("{choice:?}"), roots)
+            .map(|c| {
+                let physical = c.physical.expect("every Example 1 candidate builds");
+                let label = format!("{:?}{}", c.choice, if c.shared { " shared" } else { "" });
+                let roots = c.logical.expect("composes");
+                candidate(
+                    physical.from_logical,
+                    label,
+                    roots.into_iter().map(|(_, root)| root).collect(),
+                )
             })
             .collect()
     }
@@ -610,23 +607,21 @@ fn stage0_queries_do_not_share_nodes() {
 
 // ── Stage 1 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-/// Stage 1 outputs exactly the 24 Pass 1 combinations, each once, with
-/// separate inputs (no Pass 2 sharing yet).
+/// Stage 1 outputs the 24 Pass 1 combinations twice: L1–L24 with separate
+/// inputs, then L25–L48 with the shared input (Pass 2).
 #[test]
-fn stage1_has_24_candidates_covering_every_combination() {
+fn stage1_has_48_candidates_covering_every_combination_twice() {
     let (_, logical, _) = pipeline();
-    assert_eq!(logical.len(), 24);
-    let found: BTreeSet<_> = logical
-        .iter()
-        .map(|c| choices(&c.dag, &c.query_roots))
-        .collect();
-    assert_eq!(found, expected_choices(), "each combination exactly once");
-    for c in &logical {
-        assert!(
-            !classify(&c.dag, &c.query_roots).1,
-            "{}: shared input",
-            c.id
-        );
+    assert_eq!(logical.len(), 48);
+    for (half, shared) in [(&logical[..24], false), (&logical[24..], true)] {
+        let found: BTreeSet<_> = half
+            .iter()
+            .map(|c| choices(&c.dag, &c.query_roots))
+            .collect();
+        assert_eq!(found, expected_choices(), "each combination exactly once");
+        for c in half {
+            assert_eq!(classify(&c.dag, &c.query_roots).1, shared, "{}", c.id);
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -668,9 +663,9 @@ fn stage1_q2_summary_families_are_heap_sketches_and_hydra() {
     );
 }
 
-/// Sharing adds a variant and keeps the independent one, for every Q2 option.
+/// Sharing adds a variant and keeps the independent one, for every Q2 option
+/// Pass 1 offers (Hydra: see `stage1_q2_summary_families_are_heap_sketches_and_hydra`).
 #[test]
-#[ignore = "missing features: Pass 2 (identical-expression sharing) is not implemented, so there is no shared-input variant; Pass 1 has no Hydra alternative"]
 fn stage1_keeps_independent_and_shared_variants() {
     let (_, logical, _) = pipeline();
     let found: Vec<_> = logical
@@ -681,7 +676,6 @@ fn stage1_keeps_independent_and_shared_variants() {
         Q2Option::Exact,
         Q2Option::CountMinHeapPerJob,
         Q2Option::CountSketchHeapPerJob,
-        Q2Option::Hydra,
     ] {
         assert!(
             found.contains(&(option, false)),
@@ -725,11 +719,11 @@ fn stage1_candidates_are_valid_and_uniquely_named() {
 
 // ── Stage 2 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-/// No candidate is discarded before Stage 3: Stage 2 maps the 24 logical candidates one-to-one.
+/// No candidate is discarded before Stage 3: Stage 2 maps the 48 logical candidates one-to-one.
 #[test]
 fn stage2_keeps_every_logical_candidate() {
     let (_, logical, physical) = pipeline();
-    assert_eq!(physical.len(), 24);
+    assert_eq!(physical.len(), 48);
     let sources: BTreeSet<_> = physical.iter().map(|p| p.from_logical.as_str()).collect();
     let logical_ids: BTreeSet<_> = logical.iter().map(|c| c.id.as_str()).collect();
     assert_eq!(sources, logical_ids);
@@ -761,7 +755,7 @@ fn stage2_exact_topk_is_sort_then_limit() {
         .iter()
         .filter(|p| classify(&p.dag, &p.query_roots).0 == Q2Option::Exact)
         .collect();
-    assert_eq!(exact.len(), 8);
+    assert_eq!(exact.len(), 16);
     for p in exact {
         let sort_then_limit = p.dag.edges.iter().any(|e| {
             relational(payload(&p.dag, e.producer)).as_deref() == Some("sort")
@@ -884,7 +878,7 @@ fn stage2_runtime_compiles_exactly_the_candidates_stage3_finds_valid() {
         .filter(|r| !r.valid)
         .map(|r| (r.id.as_str(), r.reason.as_str()))
         .collect();
-    assert_eq!(invalid.len(), 8, "the Count-Min + heap candidates");
+    assert_eq!(invalid.len(), 16, "the Count-Min + heap candidates");
     for p in &physical {
         let compiled = compile_in_runtime(p);
         match invalid.get(p.id.as_str()) {
@@ -1013,9 +1007,9 @@ fn stage3_charges_each_node_once() {
 }
 
 /// Sharing the input never costs more than reading it separately, for the
-/// same local choices. Count-Min + heap is invalid here and has no cost.
+/// same local choices. Count-Min + heap is invalid here and has no cost
+/// (Hydra: see `stage1_q2_summary_families_are_heap_sketches_and_hydra`).
 #[test]
-#[ignore = "missing features: Pass 2 (identical-expression sharing) is not implemented, so there are no shared-input variants to compare; Pass 1 has no Hydra alternative"]
 fn stage3_shared_input_is_not_costlier() {
     let (workload, _, physical) = pipeline();
     let selection = stage3_select(&workload, &physical, PlanningModels::builtin());
@@ -1027,11 +1021,7 @@ fn stage3_shared_input_is_not_costlier() {
             Some(((choices(&p.dag, &p.query_roots), shared), cost))
         })
         .collect();
-    for option in [
-        Q2Option::Exact,
-        Q2Option::CountSketchHeapPerJob,
-        Q2Option::Hydra,
-    ] {
+    for option in [Q2Option::Exact, Q2Option::CountSketchHeapPerJob] {
         assert!(
             by_combo.keys().any(|((_, o, _), _)| *o == option),
             "{option:?} has no priced candidate"
@@ -1048,3 +1038,41 @@ fn stage3_shared_input_is_not_costlier() {
         "no shared variant"
     );
 }
+
+/// The selected plan shares the input, the doc's "Raw with a shared input"
+/// winner; its saving over the same choices read separately is exactly one
+/// scan and one range node, priced once instead of twice.
+#[test]
+fn stage3_selects_a_shared_input_plan() {
+    let (workload, _, physical) = pipeline();
+    let selection = stage3_select(&workload, &physical, PlanningModels::builtin());
+    let selected = physical
+        .iter()
+        .find(|p| p.id == selection.selected)
+        .unwrap();
+    assert!(classify(&selected.dag, &selected.query_roots).1);
+    let separate = physical
+        .iter()
+        .find(|p| {
+            !classify(&p.dag, &p.query_roots).1
+                && choices(&p.dag, &p.query_roots) == choices(&selected.dag, &selected.query_roots)
+        })
+        .unwrap();
+    let input_cost: f64 = selected
+        .dag
+        .nodes
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|n| {
+            matches!(
+                relational(&n.payload).as_deref(),
+                Some("scan" | "time_range")
+            )
+        })
+        .map(|n| selection.costs[&selected.id].per_node[&n.id])
+        .sum();
+    let saving = selection.costs[&separate.id].total - selection.costs[&selected.id].total;
+    assert!(
+        (saving - input_cost).abs() < 1e-9,
+        "{saving} vs {input_cost}"
+    );
+}
diff --git a/crates/logical-optimizer/src/lib.rs b/crates/logical-optimizer/src/lib.rs
index 2d6b71201..d5d6f458a 100644
--- a/crates/logical-optimizer/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/logical-optimizer/src/lib.rs
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
 //!   ([`accuracy::allocation`]). Candidates no analytical rule can prove
 //!   invalid are kept.
 //!
-//! **Common sub-expression elimination (CSE) of identical sub-DAGs is not this
-//! crate's job.** It runs over the pre-ASAP IR itself
-//! (`asap_types::ir::cse`, issues #222/#223) before search. Pass 2 recognizes
+//! **Common sub-expression elimination (CSE) of identical sub-DAGs is not
+//! implemented here.** It runs over the pre-ASAP IR itself
+//! (`asap_types::ir::cse`, issues #222/#223). Pass 2's identical-expression
+//! rule ([`pass2::identical_expressions`]) decides when to use it: the stage
+//! pipeline keeps a variant with and without it. Pass 2 also recognizes
 //! sharing that is invisible at that level, such as `Quantile(x, 0.99)` and
 //! `Quantile(x, 0.95)` reading one built sketch.
 //!
diff --git a/crates/logical-optimizer/src/pass2/identical_expressions.rs b/crates/logical-optimizer/src/pass2/identical_expressions.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2baefe7b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/logical-optimizer/src/pass2/identical_expressions.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+//! Pass 2's identical-expression rule (#509): structurally identical sub-DAGs
+//! across queries may be computed once. Sharing changes cost
+//! non-additively (a shared node is priced once), so Stage 1 keeps both the
+//! independent and the shared form, and Stage 3 chooses by cost.
+//!
+//! Each form is a Pass 1 inventory: Pass 1 over the queries as written, and
+//! Pass 1 over the queries with identical sub-DAGs merged by
+//! [`share_common_sub_dags`]. A target that sharing merges is one target in
+//! the shared form, so its queries take the same alternative.
+
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+use std::rc::Rc;
+
+use asap_types::ir::cse::share_common_sub_dags;
+use asap_types::ir::{OperatorNode, QueryRoot};
+
+use crate::pass1::logical_candidates::{
+    enumerate_local_logical_candidates, LocalLogicalCandidates, LogicalCandidateError,
+};
+
+/// One input-sharing form of the workload, with its Pass 1 alternatives.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct SharingVariant<Id> {
+    /// Whether identical sub-DAGs across queries are merged.
+    pub shared: bool,
+    pub inventory: LocalLogicalCandidates<Id>,
+}
+
+/// Stage 1 = Pass 1 + Pass 2's identical-expression rule: the independent
+/// variant first, then the shared one when sharing merges at least one node.
+pub fn stage1_logical_candidates<Id: Clone>(
+    roots: Vec<(Id, QueryRoot)>,
+) -> Result<Vec<SharingVariant<Id>>, LogicalCandidateError> {
+    let shared = share_identical_expressions(&roots);
+    let mut variants = vec![SharingVariant {
+        shared: false,
+        inventory: enumerate_local_logical_candidates(roots)?,
+    }];
+    if let Some(roots) = shared {
+        variants.push(SharingVariant {
+            shared: true,
+            inventory: enumerate_local_logical_candidates(roots)?,
+        });
+    }
+    Ok(variants)
+}
+
+/// `roots` with identical operator sub-DAGs merged across queries, or `None`
+/// when that merges nothing. Scalar roots are kept as written.
+pub fn share_identical_expressions<Id: Clone>(
+    roots: &[(Id, QueryRoot)],
+) -> Option<Vec<(Id, QueryRoot)>> {
+    let operators: Vec<(usize, Rc<OperatorNode>)> = roots
+        .iter()
+        .enumerate()
+        .filter_map(|(i, (_, root))| match root {
+            QueryRoot::Operator(node) => Some((i, node.clone())),
+            QueryRoot::Scalar(_) => None,
+        })
+        .collect();
+    let before = distinct_nodes(operators.iter().map(|(_, node)| node));
+    let merged = share_common_sub_dags(operators);
+    if distinct_nodes(merged.iter().map(|(_, node)| node)) == before {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let mut out = roots.to_vec();
+    for (i, node) in merged {
+        out[i].1 = QueryRoot::Operator(node);
+    }
+    Some(out)
+}
+
+/// Distinct nodes (by identity) reachable from `roots`.
+pub fn distinct_nodes<'a>(roots: impl IntoIterator<Item = &'a Rc<OperatorNode>>) -> usize {
+    roots
+        .into_iter()
+        .flat_map(OperatorNode::reachable)
+        .map(|node| Rc::as_ptr(&node))
+        .collect::<HashSet<_>>()
+        .len()
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::test_support::lower_promql;
+    use asap_types::types::AccuracyTarget;
+
+    fn roots(queries: &[&str]) -> Vec<(usize, QueryRoot)> {
+        queries
+            .iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .map(|(i, q)| {
+                let root = lower_promql(q, AccuracyTarget::Exact);
+                let root =
+                    asap_types::ir::schema_support::with_promql_series_identity(&root).unwrap();
+                (i, QueryRoot::Operator(root))
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    /// Two queries over the same range selector get an independent and a
+    /// shared variant, with the same targets in each.
+    #[test]
+    fn identical_input_adds_a_shared_variant() {
+        let variants = stage1_logical_candidates(roots(&[
+            "sum by (job) (rate(m[1m]))",
+            "topk by (job) (10, sum_over_time(m[1m]))",
+        ]))
+        .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            variants.iter().map(|v| v.shared).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            [false, true]
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            variants[0].inventory.targets.len(),
+            variants[1].inventory.targets.len()
+        );
+        let operators = |v: &SharingVariant<usize>| -> Vec<Rc<OperatorNode>> {
+            v.inventory
+                .roots
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(_, r)| match r {
+                    QueryRoot::Operator(n) => n.clone(),
+                    QueryRoot::Scalar(_) => unreachable!(),
+                })
+                .collect()
+        };
+        assert!(
+            distinct_nodes(&operators(&variants[1])) < distinct_nodes(&operators(&variants[0]))
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// Queries with nothing in common have no shared variant.
+    #[test]
+    fn nothing_identical_adds_no_variant() {
+        let variants =
+            stage1_logical_candidates(roots(&["sum(rate(a[1m]))", "sum(rate(b[1m]))"])).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(variants.len(), 1);
+        assert!(!variants[0].shared);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/logical-optimizer/src/pass2/mod.rs b/crates/logical-optimizer/src/pass2/mod.rs
index f25038e84..520b774c0 100644
--- a/crates/logical-optimizer/src/pass2/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/logical-optimizer/src/pass2/mod.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 //! Pass 2: ASAP-aware sharing across targets. A shared summary must meet the
-//! strictest accuracy requirement of its readers.
+//! strictest accuracy requirement of its readers. The stage pipeline applies
+//! the identical-expression rule ([`identical_expressions`]).
 
+pub mod identical_expressions;
 pub mod reconciliation;
 pub mod topk_reuse;
diff --git a/crates/plan-selection/src/lib.rs b/crates/plan-selection/src/lib.rs
index cd53d8d76..f0f83abd3 100644
--- a/crates/plan-selection/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/plan-selection/src/lib.rs
@@ -22,63 +22,41 @@
 //! rows read out. These numbers are illustrative, not calibrated. Latency
 //! bounds and deployment capabilities are not checked yet.
 //!
-//! [`select_plan`] chooses over a whole Stage 1 inventory without building
-//! every combination: a dynamic program over target nesting (see there).
-//! [`select_exhaustive`] builds and prices every combination, for display and
-//! for checking the program.
+//! [`select_plan`] chooses over Stage 1's sharing variants without building
+//! every combination: per variant, a dynamic program over target nesting (see
+//! there). [`select_exhaustive`] builds and prices every combination, for
+//! display and for checking the program. [`plan_stages`] runs the whole
+//! pipeline from the frontends' roots.
 pub mod candidate_selection;
 pub mod cost;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test_support;
 
-pub use candidate_selection::{
-    CompositionDecision, CostedGlobalSelection, RankedTargetSubDAGCandidates, RecurrenceProfileMap,
-};
-pub use cost::cost_model::{
-    maintenance_operation_plan_cost_rate, raw_recompute_cost_rate, read_operation_plan_cost_rate,
-    CostModel, CostProvenance, CostUnit, DefaultCostModel, ExactCompositionCostInputs,
-    ExactCompositionCostRequest, ValueOperationCapabilities,
-};
-pub use cost::recurrence::{
-    evaluation_rate_of, total_cost, update_rate_from_data_workload, CostRate, EvaluationRate,
-    Horizon, RecurrenceCostExplanation, RecurrenceError, RecurrenceProfile, RootRecurrence,
-    UpdateRate,
-};
+pub use candidate_selection::{CompositionDecision, CostedGlobalSelection, RankedTargetSubDAGCandidates, RecurrenceProfileMap};
+pub use cost::cost_model::{maintenance_operation_plan_cost_rate, raw_recompute_cost_rate, read_operation_plan_cost_rate, CostModel, CostProvenance, CostUnit, DefaultCostModel, ExactCompositionCostInputs, ExactCompositionCostRequest, ValueOperationCapabilities};
+pub use cost::recurrence::{evaluation_rate_of, total_cost, update_rate_from_data_workload, CostRate, EvaluationRate, Horizon, RecurrenceCostExplanation, RecurrenceError, RecurrenceProfile, RootRecurrence, UpdateRate};
 
 use asap_types::ir::NonASAPOp;
 use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap};
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
+use asap_types::ir::physical_export::{PhysicalASAPDAG, PhysicalASAPNodeId, PhysicalASAPOperatorPayload as Payload};
 use asap_types::ir::cse::share_common_sub_dags;
 use asap_types::ir::operator::Reduction;
-use asap_types::ir::physical_export::{
-    PhysicalASAPDAG, PhysicalASAPNodeId, PhysicalASAPOperatorPayload as Payload,
-};
 use asap_types::ir::schema::{DataType, Schema};
-use asap_types::ir::schema::{
-    FieldDataType, SketchAlgorithm, SketchParams, SketchStatistic, WeightDomain,
-};
+use asap_types::ir::schema::{FieldDataType, SketchAlgorithm, SketchParams, SketchStatistic, WeightDomain};
 use asap_types::ir::{ASAPOp, Operator, OperatorNode, QueryRoot};
 use asap_types::types::AccuracyTarget;
 use asap_types::workload::DataWorkload;
 use thiserror::Error;
 
-use crate::cost::analytical_cost::{
-    estimate_operator, AnalyticalCostError, PhysicalOperator, ResourceCalibration, ResourceEstimate,
-};
-use crate::cost::physical_operator_statistics::{
-    EdgeStatistics, OperatorStatistics, PartitionStatistics, UnaryEdgeStatistics,
-};
-use asap_logical_optimizer::accuracy::{
-    AccuracyEvidenceProvider, AccuracyModel, DefaultAccuracyModel, NoAccuracyEvidence,
-};
-use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::{
-    choice_index, combination_count, compose_logical_candidate, enumerate_choices, nested_targets,
-    LocalLogicalCandidates,
-};
-use asap_physical_optimizer::implementation::physical_candidates::{
-    stage2_physical, PhysicalCandidate,
-};
+use crate::cost::analytical_cost::{estimate_operator, AnalyticalCostError, PhysicalOperator, ResourceCalibration, ResourceEstimate};
+use crate::cost::physical_operator_statistics::{EdgeStatistics, OperatorStatistics, PartitionStatistics, UnaryEdgeStatistics};
+use asap_logical_optimizer::accuracy::{AccuracyEvidenceProvider, AccuracyModel, DefaultAccuracyModel, NoAccuracyEvidence};
+use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::{choice_index, combination_count, compose_logical_candidate, enumerate_choices, nested_targets, LocalLogicalCandidates, LogicalCandidateError};
+pub use asap_logical_optimizer::pass2::identical_expressions::SharingVariant;
+use asap_logical_optimizer::pass2::identical_expressions::{share_identical_expressions, stage1_logical_candidates};
+use asap_physical_optimizer::implementation::physical_candidates::{stage2_physical, PhysicalCandidate};
 
 pub const COST_UNIT: &str = "cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation";
 pub const COST_SOURCE: &str = "analytical-cost-v1 (illustrative statistics)";
@@ -212,6 +190,8 @@ impl Selection {
 pub enum SelectionError {
     #[error("no valid candidate: {0:?}")]
     NoValidCandidate(Vec<Rejection>),
+    #[error("Stage 1: {0}")]
+    Stage1(#[from] LogicalCandidateError),
 }
 
 /// Reject candidates that miss a query's accuracy target or cannot be priced,
@@ -284,37 +264,96 @@ fn assess(
     price(&candidate.dag, data).map_err(|(node, error)| format!("node {node:?}: {error}"))
 }
 
-/// Stage 1 → Stage 2 for `choice`, named `P<index+1>` from `L<index+1>`.
-/// `Err` is the reason the candidate cannot be built.
+/// One Stage 1 sharing variant as selection sees it: candidates of variant
+/// `v` are numbered after every candidate of the variants before it, so ids
+/// stay unique across variants.
+struct Variant<'a, Id> {
+    inventory: &'a LocalLogicalCandidates<Id>,
+    /// Identical sub-DAGs are merged, after composition too.
+    shared: bool,
+    /// Candidates numbered before this variant's.
+    offset: usize,
+}
+
+// Manual impls: a derive would require `Id: Copy`.
+impl<Id> Clone for Variant<'_, Id> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        *self
+    }
+}
+impl<Id> Copy for Variant<'_, Id> {}
+
+fn variants<Id>(stage1: &[SharingVariant<Id>]) -> Vec<Variant<'_, Id>> {
+    let mut offset = 0;
+    stage1
+        .iter()
+        .map(|v| {
+            let variant = Variant {
+                inventory: &v.inventory,
+                shared: v.shared,
+                offset,
+            };
+            offset = offset.saturating_add(combination_count(&v.inventory));
+            variant
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+impl<Id> Variant<'_, Id> {
+    /// 1-based candidate number of `choice`: `L<n>` and `P<n>`.
+    fn number(&self, choice: &[usize]) -> usize {
+        self.offset + choice_index(self.inventory, choice) + 1
+    }
+}
+
+/// The independent variant alone: Pass 1 without Pass 2.
+pub fn independent<Id>(inventory: LocalLogicalCandidates<Id>) -> Vec<SharingVariant<Id>> {
+    vec![SharingVariant {
+        shared: false,
+        inventory,
+    }]
+}
+
+/// Stage 1 → Stage 2 for `choice` in the independent variant, named
+/// `P<index+1>` from `L<index+1>`. `Err` is the reason the candidate cannot
+/// be built.
 pub fn realize_choice<Id: Clone>(
     inventory: &LocalLogicalCandidates<Id>,
     choice: &[usize],
 ) -> Result<(Vec<(Id, QueryRoot)>, PhysicalCandidate), String> {
-    realize(inventory, choice, false)
+    realize(
+        Variant {
+            inventory,
+            shared: false,
+            offset: 0,
+        },
+        choice,
+    )
 }
 
-/// As [`realize_choice`]; `merge` first interns structurally identical
-/// sub-DAGs across roots, so queries that chose the same summary producer
-/// reach one node.
+/// Stage 1 → Stage 2 for `choice` in `variant`. A shared variant also
+/// merges identical sub-DAGs after composition, so queries that chose the
+/// same summary producer reach one node; the returned Stage 1 candidate is
+/// the merged one.
 fn realize<Id: Clone>(
-    inventory: &LocalLogicalCandidates<Id>,
+    variant: Variant<'_, Id>,
     choice: &[usize],
-    merge: bool,
 ) -> Result<(Vec<(Id, QueryRoot)>, PhysicalCandidate), String> {
-    let index = choice_index(inventory, choice) + 1;
-    let logical =
-        compose_logical_candidate(inventory, choice).map_err(|e| format!("Stage 1: {e}"))?;
-    let mut operators = logical
+    let index = variant.number(choice);
+    let mut logical = compose_logical_candidate(variant.inventory, choice)
+        .map_err(|e| format!("Stage 1: {e}"))?;
+    if variant.shared {
+        if let Some(merged) = share_identical_expressions(&logical) {
+            logical = merged;
+        }
+    }
+    let roots = logical
         .iter()
-        .map(|(id, root)| match root {
-            QueryRoot::Operator(node) => Ok((id.clone(), node.clone())),
+        .map(|(_, root)| match root {
+            QueryRoot::Operator(node) => Ok(node.clone()),
             QueryRoot::Scalar(_) => Err("Stage 2: scalar query roots are not physical yet"),
         })
         .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
-    if merge {
-        operators = share_common_sub_dags(operators);
-    }
-    let roots: Vec<Rc<OperatorNode>> = operators.into_iter().map(|(_, node)| node).collect();
     let mut candidate =
         stage2_physical(&format!("L{index}"), &roots).map_err(|e| format!("Stage 2: {e}"))?;
     candidate.id = format!("P{index}");
@@ -325,6 +364,8 @@ fn realize<Id: Clone>(
 /// One built combination; `physical` is `None` when it could not be built.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct EnumeratedCandidate<Id> {
+    /// From the shared variant (Pass 2's identical-expression rule).
+    pub shared: bool,
     pub choice: Vec<usize>,
     pub logical: Option<Vec<(Id, QueryRoot)>>,
     pub physical: Option<PhysicalCandidate>,
@@ -333,15 +374,27 @@ pub struct EnumeratedCandidate<Id> {
 /// Every combination [`select_exhaustive`] built, and Stage 3 over them.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Enumeration<Id> {
+    /// Over every variant.
     pub combinations: usize,
     pub candidates: Vec<EnumeratedCandidate<Id>>,
     pub selection: Selection,
 }
 
-/// Build the first `max` combinations in enumeration order and select over
-/// them. One that cannot be built is rejected with its reason.
+/// Build the first `max` combinations, variant by variant in enumeration
+/// order, and select over them. One that cannot be built is rejected with
+/// its reason.
 pub fn select_exhaustive<Id: Clone>(
-    inventory: &LocalLogicalCandidates<Id>,
+    stage1: &[SharingVariant<Id>],
+    targets: &[Option<AccuracyTarget>],
+    data: &DataWorkload,
+    models: PlanningModels<'_>,
+    max: usize,
+) -> Result<Enumeration<Id>, SelectionError> {
+    exhaustive(&variants(stage1), targets, data, models, max)
+}
+
+fn exhaustive<Id: Clone>(
+    variants: &[Variant<'_, Id>],
     targets: &[Option<AccuracyTarget>],
     data: &DataWorkload,
     models: PlanningModels<'_>,
@@ -349,25 +402,31 @@ pub fn select_exhaustive<Id: Clone>(
 ) -> Result<Enumeration<Id>, SelectionError> {
     let mut candidates = Vec::new();
     let mut failed = Vec::new();
-    for choice in enumerate_choices(inventory, max) {
-        let (logical, physical) = match realize_choice(inventory, &choice) {
-            Ok((logical, physical)) => (Some(logical), Some(physical)),
-            Err(reason) => {
-                let index = choice_index(inventory, &choice) + 1;
-                failed.push(Rejection {
-                    id: format!("P{index}"),
-                    valid: false,
-                    reason,
-                });
-                // Composition may have succeeded: keep it for display.
-                (compose_logical_candidate(inventory, &choice).ok(), None)
-            }
-        };
-        candidates.push(EnumeratedCandidate {
-            choice,
-            logical,
-            physical,
-        });
+    for variant in variants {
+        let left = max.saturating_sub(candidates.len());
+        for choice in enumerate_choices(variant.inventory, left) {
+            let (logical, physical) = match realize(*variant, &choice) {
+                Ok((logical, physical)) => (Some(logical), Some(physical)),
+                Err(reason) => {
+                    failed.push(Rejection {
+                        id: format!("P{}", variant.number(&choice)),
+                        valid: false,
+                        reason,
+                    });
+                    // Composition may have succeeded: keep it for display.
+                    (
+                        compose_logical_candidate(variant.inventory, &choice).ok(),
+                        None,
+                    )
+                }
+            };
+            candidates.push(EnumeratedCandidate {
+                shared: variant.shared,
+                choice,
+                logical,
+                physical,
+            });
+        }
     }
     let physical: Vec<_> = candidates
         .iter()
@@ -382,9 +441,12 @@ pub fn select_exhaustive<Id: Clone>(
             rejected.extend(failed);
             return Err(SelectionError::NoValidCandidate(rejected));
         }
+        Err(other) => return Err(other),
     };
     Ok(Enumeration {
-        combinations: combination_count(inventory),
+        combinations: variants.iter().fold(0usize, |n, v| {
+            n.saturating_add(combination_count(v.inventory))
+        }),
         candidates,
         selection,
     })
@@ -393,11 +455,12 @@ pub fn select_exhaustive<Id: Clone>(
 /// The plan [`select_plan`] chose.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct SelectedPlan<Id> {
+    /// From the shared variant (Pass 2's identical-expression rule).
+    pub shared: bool,
     pub choice: Vec<usize>,
-    /// The chosen Stage 1 candidate, before identical producers are merged.
+    /// The chosen Stage 1 candidate (identical sub-DAGs merged when `shared`).
     pub logical: Vec<(Id, QueryRoot)>,
-    /// Stage 2 of `logical` after merging identical sub-DAGs across roots;
-    /// `roots` follow `logical`'s order.
+    /// Stage 2 of `logical`; `roots` follow `logical`'s order.
     pub physical: PhysicalCandidate,
     pub selection: Selection,
 }
@@ -405,8 +468,80 @@ pub struct SelectedPlan<Id> {
 /// Relative tolerance when checking that costs add up.
 const ADDITIVITY_TOLERANCE: f64 = 1e-9;
 
-/// Choose one alternative per target by a dynamic program over target
-/// nesting, then build the winner and check it in full.
+/// Choose a sharing variant and one alternative per target. Sharing prices a
+/// shared node once, which is not a sum of per-target changes, so the
+/// variant is an outer choice: the dynamic program of [`select_variant`]
+/// runs once per variant and the cheapest result wins (the first on ties).
+pub fn select_plan<Id: Clone>(
+    stage1: &[SharingVariant<Id>],
+    targets: &[Option<AccuracyTarget>],
+    data: &DataWorkload,
+    models: PlanningModels<'_>,
+) -> Result<SelectedPlan<Id>, SelectionError> {
+    let mut best: Option<SelectedPlan<Id>> = None;
+    let mut costs = BTreeMap::new();
+    let mut rejected = Vec::new();
+    let mut not_optimal = None;
+    let mut failures = Vec::new();
+    for variant in variants(stage1) {
+        let evaluate = |choice: &[usize]| -> Result<f64, String> {
+            let (_, candidate) = realize(variant, choice)?;
+            assess(&candidate, targets, data, &models).map(|cost| cost.total)
+        };
+        let plan = match select_variant(variant, targets, data, models, &evaluate) {
+            Ok(plan) => plan,
+            Err(SelectionError::NoValidCandidate(reasons)) => {
+                failures.extend(reasons);
+                continue;
+            }
+            Err(other) => return Err(other),
+        };
+        if let SelectionMethod::TreeDpNotGuaranteedOptimal { reason } = &plan.selection.method {
+            not_optimal.get_or_insert_with(|| reason.clone());
+        }
+        costs.extend(plan.selection.costs.clone());
+        rejected.extend(plan.selection.rejected.clone());
+        let total = |p: &SelectedPlan<Id>| p.selection.costs[&p.selection.selected].total;
+        match &best {
+            Some(current) if total(current) <= total(&plan) => rejected.push(costlier(
+                &plan.selection.selected,
+                total(&plan),
+                total(current),
+            )),
+            _ => {
+                if let Some(previous) = best.take() {
+                    rejected.push(costlier(
+                        &previous.selection.selected,
+                        total(&previous),
+                        total(&plan),
+                    ));
+                }
+                best = Some(plan);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    let Some(mut plan) = best else {
+        return Err(SelectionError::NoValidCandidate(failures));
+    };
+    rejected.extend(failures);
+    plan.selection.costs = costs;
+    plan.selection.rejected = rejected;
+    if let Some(reason) = not_optimal {
+        plan.selection.method = SelectionMethod::TreeDpNotGuaranteedOptimal { reason };
+    }
+    Ok(plan)
+}
+
+fn costlier(id: &str, total: f64, best: f64) -> Rejection {
+    Rejection {
+        id: id.to_string(),
+        valid: true,
+        reason: format!("costlier: {total:.3} vs {best:.3} {COST_UNIT}"),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Choose one alternative per target of one variant by a dynamic program
+/// over target nesting, then build the winner and check it in full.
 ///
 /// `best(t, c) = local(t, c) + Σ_{u beneath t, read by c} min_c' best(u, c')`,
 /// where `local(t, c)` is the change in workload cost when only `t` takes
@@ -420,33 +555,23 @@ const ADDITIVITY_TOLERANCE: f64 = 1e-9;
 /// not depend on choices. Stage 3 prices per node and sizes every
 /// realization of a target alike, so these hold unless a target's choice
 /// changes what a target reading its output costs or whether it can be
-/// built. That coupling is checked: every pair of choices for a target and a
-/// target beneath it is built, and must cost the sum of their single
-/// changes and be admissible exactly when both are. On coupling, or when the
-/// winner fails the full check, every combination is built instead if there
-/// are at most [`MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES`]; otherwise the result is
-/// flagged as not guaranteed optimal.
-pub fn select_plan<Id: Clone>(
-    inventory: &LocalLogicalCandidates<Id>,
-    targets: &[Option<AccuracyTarget>],
-    data: &DataWorkload,
-    models: PlanningModels<'_>,
-) -> Result<SelectedPlan<Id>, SelectionError> {
-    let evaluate = |choice: &[usize]| -> Result<f64, String> {
-        let (_, candidate) = realize_choice(inventory, choice)?;
-        assess(&candidate, targets, data, &models).map(|cost| cost.total)
-    };
-    select_plan_with(inventory, targets, data, models, &evaluate)
-}
-
-/// [`select_plan`] with the workload cost of a choice given by `evaluate`.
-fn select_plan_with<Id: Clone>(
-    inventory: &LocalLogicalCandidates<Id>,
+/// built, or, in a shared variant, two targets reading one input build
+/// identical producers that are then merged. That coupling is checked:
+/// every pair of choices for a target and a target beneath it (and, when
+/// shared, for two targets reading a common input) is built, and must cost
+/// the sum of their single changes and be admissible exactly when both are.
+/// On coupling, or when the winner fails the full check, every combination
+/// of the variant is built instead if there are at most
+/// [`MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES`]; otherwise the result is flagged as not
+/// guaranteed optimal.
+fn select_variant<Id: Clone>(
+    variant: Variant<'_, Id>,
     targets: &[Option<AccuracyTarget>],
     data: &DataWorkload,
     models: PlanningModels<'_>,
     evaluate: &dyn Fn(&[usize]) -> Result<f64, String>,
 ) -> Result<SelectedPlan<Id>, SelectionError> {
+    let inventory = variant.inventory;
     let width = inventory.targets.len();
     let with = |changes: &[(usize, usize)]| {
         let mut choice = vec![0; width];
@@ -459,7 +584,7 @@ fn select_plan_with<Id: Clone>(
     let base = match evaluate(&with(&[])) {
         Ok(base) => base,
         Err(reason) => {
-            return fallback(inventory, targets, data, models, with(&[]), reason);
+            return fallback(variant, targets, data, models, with(&[]), reason);
         }
     };
     let local: Vec<Vec<Result<f64, String>>> = inventory
@@ -476,28 +601,34 @@ fn select_plan_with<Id: Clone>(
         })
         .collect();
     let beneath = nested_targets(inventory);
+    let mut pairs: Vec<(usize, usize)> = beneath
+        .iter()
+        .enumerate()
+        .flat_map(|(t, inner)| inner.iter().map(move |&u| (t, u)))
+        .collect();
+    if variant.shared {
+        pairs.extend(common_input_pairs(inventory, &beneath));
+    }
     let mut coupling = None;
-    'pairs: for (t, inner) in beneath.iter().enumerate() {
-        for &u in inner {
-            for c in 1..local[t].len() {
-                for d in 1..local[u].len() {
-                    let joint = evaluate(&with(&[(t, c), (u, d)]));
-                    let coupled = match (&local[t][c], &local[u][d], &joint) {
-                        (Ok(a), Ok(b), Ok(joint)) => {
-                            let expected = base + a + b;
-                            (joint - expected).abs()
-                                > ADDITIVITY_TOLERANCE * joint.abs().max(expected.abs()).max(1.0)
-                        }
-                        (Ok(_), Ok(_), Err(_)) | (Err(_), _, Ok(_)) | (_, Err(_), Ok(_)) => true,
-                        _ => false,
-                    };
-                    if coupled {
-                        coupling = Some(format!(
-                            "target {t} alternative {c} and target {u} alternative {d} do not \
-                             combine additively"
-                        ));
-                        break 'pairs;
+    'pairs: for &(t, u) in &pairs {
+        for c in 1..local[t].len() {
+            for d in 1..local[u].len() {
+                let joint = evaluate(&with(&[(t, c), (u, d)]));
+                let coupled = match (&local[t][c], &local[u][d], &joint) {
+                    (Ok(a), Ok(b), Ok(joint)) => {
+                        let expected = base + a + b;
+                        (joint - expected).abs()
+                            > ADDITIVITY_TOLERANCE * joint.abs().max(expected.abs()).max(1.0)
                     }
+                    (Ok(_), Ok(_), Err(_)) | (Err(_), _, Ok(_)) | (_, Err(_), Ok(_)) => true,
+                    _ => false,
+                };
+                if coupled {
+                    coupling = Some(format!(
+                        "target {t} alternative {c} and target {u} alternative {d} do not \
+                         combine additively"
+                    ));
+                    break 'pairs;
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -508,10 +639,10 @@ fn select_plan_with<Id: Clone>(
     }
     let choice: Vec<usize> = best.iter().map(|b| b.map_or(0, |(_, c)| c)).collect();
     if let Some(reason) = coupling {
-        return fallback(inventory, targets, data, models, choice, reason);
+        return fallback(variant, targets, data, models, choice, reason);
     }
     match finish(
-        inventory,
+        variant,
         targets,
         data,
         &models,
@@ -519,8 +650,31 @@ fn select_plan_with<Id: Clone>(
         SelectionMethod::TreeDp,
     ) {
         Ok(plan) => Ok(plan),
-        Err(reason) => fallback(inventory, targets, data, models, choice, reason),
+        Err(reason) => fallback(variant, targets, data, models, choice, reason),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Pairs of targets, neither beneath the other, that read a common input
+/// node: in a shared variant their producers may be merged.
+fn common_input_pairs<Id>(
+    inventory: &LocalLogicalCandidates<Id>,
+    beneath: &[Vec<usize>],
+) -> Vec<(usize, usize)> {
+    let inputs: Vec<Vec<*const OperatorNode>> = inventory
+        .targets
+        .iter()
+        .map(|t| t.target.children().into_iter().map(Rc::as_ptr).collect())
+        .collect();
+    let mut pairs = Vec::new();
+    for t in 0..inputs.len() {
+        for u in t + 1..inputs.len() {
+            let nested = beneath[t].contains(&u) || beneath[u].contains(&t);
+            if !nested && inputs[t].iter().any(|p| inputs[u].contains(p)) {
+                pairs.push((t, u));
+            }
+        }
     }
+    pairs
 }
 
 /// `best(t) = min_c local(t, c) + Σ_{u beneath t} best(u)`, memoized; the
@@ -551,18 +705,19 @@ fn best_choice(
     cost
 }
 
-/// Build `choice` with identical producers merged and run Stage 3 on it.
+/// Build `choice` in `variant` and run Stage 3 on it.
 fn finish<Id: Clone>(
-    inventory: &LocalLogicalCandidates<Id>,
+    variant: Variant<'_, Id>,
     targets: &[Option<AccuracyTarget>],
     data: &DataWorkload,
     models: &PlanningModels<'_>,
     choice: Vec<usize>,
     method: SelectionMethod,
 ) -> Result<SelectedPlan<Id>, String> {
-    let (logical, physical) = realize(inventory, &choice, true)?;
+    let (logical, physical) = realize(variant, &choice)?;
     let cost = assess(&physical, targets, data, models)?;
     Ok(SelectedPlan {
+        shared: variant.shared,
         choice,
         logical,
         selection: Selection {
@@ -576,18 +731,18 @@ fn finish<Id: Clone>(
 }
 
 /// Selection when the dynamic program's result cannot be trusted: every
-/// combination if there are few, else `choice` flagged with `reason`.
+/// combination of the variant if there are few, else `choice` flagged with
+/// `reason`.
 fn fallback<Id: Clone>(
-    inventory: &LocalLogicalCandidates<Id>,
+    variant: Variant<'_, Id>,
     targets: &[Option<AccuracyTarget>],
     data: &DataWorkload,
     models: PlanningModels<'_>,
     choice: Vec<usize>,
     reason: String,
 ) -> Result<SelectedPlan<Id>, SelectionError> {
-    if combination_count(inventory) <= MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES {
-        let enumeration =
-            select_exhaustive(inventory, targets, data, models, MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES)?;
+    if combination_count(variant.inventory) <= MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES {
+        let enumeration = exhaustive(&[variant], targets, data, models, MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES)?;
         let winner = enumeration
             .candidates
             .iter()
@@ -598,7 +753,7 @@ fn fallback<Id: Clone>(
             })
             .expect("the selected candidate was built");
         let mut plan = finish(
-            inventory,
+            variant,
             targets,
             data,
             &models,
@@ -622,15 +777,50 @@ fn fallback<Id: Clone>(
     let method = SelectionMethod::TreeDpNotGuaranteedOptimal {
         reason: reason.clone(),
     };
-    finish(inventory, targets, data, &models, choice.clone(), method).map_err(|failure| {
+    finish(variant, targets, data, &models, choice.clone(), method).map_err(|failure| {
         SelectionError::NoValidCandidate(vec![Rejection {
-            id: format!("P{}", choice_index(inventory, &choice) + 1),
+            id: format!("P{}", variant.number(&choice)),
             valid: false,
             reason: format!("{reason}; {failure}"),
         }])
     })
 }
 
+/// What [`plan_stages`] produced.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct StagePipelineRun<Id> {
+    /// Stage 1: Pass 1's alternatives per sharing variant (Pass 2).
+    pub stage1: Vec<SharingVariant<Id>>,
+    /// Stages 2 and 3 for the selected candidate ([`select_plan`]).
+    pub plan: SelectedPlan<Id>,
+    /// Every candidate built and priced, when requested for display.
+    pub enumeration: Option<Enumeration<Id>>,
+}
+
+/// The #509 stage pipeline over `roots`: Stage 1 (Pass 1 and Pass 2's
+/// identical-expression rule), Stage 2 and Stage 3. The facade and the
+/// `stage_pipeline` devtool both run this. `display` builds and prices up to
+/// that many candidates for display as well (0: none).
+pub fn plan_stages<Id: Clone>(
+    roots: Vec<(Id, QueryRoot)>,
+    targets: &[Option<AccuracyTarget>],
+    data: &DataWorkload,
+    models: PlanningModels<'_>,
+    display: usize,
+) -> Result<StagePipelineRun<Id>, SelectionError> {
+    let stage1 = stage1_logical_candidates(roots)?;
+    let plan = select_plan(&stage1, targets, data, models)?;
+    let enumeration = match display {
+        0 => None,
+        max => Some(select_exhaustive(&stage1, targets, data, models, max)?),
+    };
+    Ok(StagePipelineRun {
+        stage1,
+        plan,
+        enumeration,
+    })
+}
+
 /// The first summary estimate that misses its query's target, as a reason.
 fn accuracy_violation(
     candidate: &PhysicalCandidate,
@@ -1216,8 +1406,12 @@ mod tests {
         let targets = no_targets(&inventory);
         let data = data();
         let evaluate = coupled(&inventory, &targets, &data, nested_pair(&inventory));
-        let plan = select_plan_with(
-            &inventory,
+        let plan = select_variant(
+            Variant {
+                inventory: &inventory,
+                shared: false,
+                offset: 0,
+            },
             &targets,
             &data,
             PlanningModels::builtin(),
@@ -1226,7 +1420,7 @@ mod tests {
         .unwrap();
         assert_eq!(plan.selection.method, SelectionMethod::Exhaustive);
         let exhaustive = select_exhaustive(
-            &inventory,
+            &independent(inventory.clone()),
             &targets,
             &data,
             PlanningModels::builtin(),
@@ -1248,8 +1442,12 @@ mod tests {
         let targets = no_targets(&inventory);
         let data = data();
         let evaluate = coupled(&inventory, &targets, &data, nested_pair(&inventory));
-        let plan = select_plan_with(
-            &inventory,
+        let plan = select_variant(
+            Variant {
+                inventory: &inventory,
+                shared: false,
+                offset: 0,
+            },
             &targets,
             &data,
             PlanningModels::builtin(),
@@ -1273,10 +1471,16 @@ mod tests {
     fn uncoupled_selection_uses_the_dynamic_program() {
         let inventory = inventory(&["count(topk by (job) (10, sum_over_time(m[1m])))"]);
         let targets = no_targets(&inventory);
-        let plan = select_plan(&inventory, &targets, &data(), PlanningModels::builtin()).unwrap();
+        let plan = select_plan(
+            &independent(inventory.clone()),
+            &targets,
+            &data(),
+            PlanningModels::builtin(),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
         assert_eq!(plan.selection.method, SelectionMethod::TreeDp);
         let exhaustive = select_exhaustive(
-            &inventory,
+            &independent(inventory.clone()),
             &targets,
             &data(),
             PlanningModels::builtin(),
@@ -1286,8 +1490,8 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(plan.selection.selected, exhaustive.selection.selected);
     }
 
-    /// Two queries that chose structurally identical summary producers reach
-    /// one state in the selected plan.
+    /// In a shared variant, two queries that chose structurally identical
+    /// summary producers reach one state.
     #[test]
     fn identical_producers_are_merged_after_composition() {
         let inventory = inventory(&[
@@ -1302,7 +1506,11 @@ mod tests {
         };
         let choice: Vec<_> = inventory.targets.iter().map(kll).collect();
         let plan = finish(
-            &inventory,
+            Variant {
+                inventory: &inventory,
+                shared: true,
+                offset: 0,
+            },
             &no_targets(&inventory),
             &data(),
             &PlanningModels::builtin(),
diff --git a/crates/planner/src/pass/stage_pipeline.rs b/crates/planner/src/pass/stage_pipeline.rs
index 2ff56a9a2..f0f6d2b43 100644
--- a/crates/planner/src/pass/stage_pipeline.rs
+++ b/crates/planner/src/pass/stage_pipeline.rs
@@ -1,21 +1,18 @@
 //! [`StagePipeline`] — the #509 planner stages behind the
 //! [`OptimizationPass`](super::OptimizationPass) trait.
 //!
-//! Stage 1 lists each target's local alternatives, Stage 2 implements a
-//! candidate physically (everything at query time), and Stage 3 checks
-//! accuracy and prices it; [`select_plan`] chooses among the combinations.
-//! Cross-query sharing beyond identical sub-DAGs (Pass 2) is not planned yet.
+//! [`plan_stages`] runs them: Stage 1 lists each target's local alternatives
+//! (Pass 1) with and without identical sub-DAGs shared across queries (Pass
+//! 2's identical-expression rule), Stage 2 implements a candidate physically
+//! (everything at query time), and Stage 3 checks accuracy, prices it and
+//! chooses. Pass 2's other rules are not planned yet.
 
-use std::rc::Rc;
-
-use asap_types::ir::cse::share_common_sub_dags;
 use asap_types::ir::schema_support::with_promql_series_identity;
-use asap_types::ir::{OperatorNode, QueryRoot};
+use asap_types::ir::QueryRoot;
 use asap_types::workload::QueryLanguage;
 
 use super::{OptimizationInput, OptimizationPass, OptimizeError, PlanOutput, QueryPlan};
-use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::enumerate_local_logical_candidates;
-use asap_plan_selection::select_plan;
+use asap_plan_selection::plan_stages;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, Copy)]
 pub struct StagePipeline;
@@ -36,7 +33,7 @@ impl OptimizationPass for StagePipeline {
         // PromQL rows carry each series' full identity as a column: the row
         // representation per-series state needs at runtime. A query with no
         // such representation is planned over its labels alone.
-        let roots: Vec<(usize, Rc<OperatorNode>)> = workload
+        let roots: Vec<(usize, QueryRoot)> = workload
             .operator_indices()
             .iter()
             .copied()
@@ -46,22 +43,15 @@ impl OptimizationPass for StagePipeline {
                     true => with_promql_series_identity(root).unwrap_or_else(|_| root.clone()),
                     false => root.clone(),
                 };
-                (index, root)
+                (index, QueryRoot::Operator(root))
             })
             .collect();
-        let roots = share_common_sub_dags(roots);
         let targets: Vec<_> = workload
             .entries()
             .map(|(entry, _)| Some(entry.requirements.accuracy.target()))
             .collect();
-        let inventory = enumerate_local_logical_candidates(
-            roots
-                .into_iter()
-                .map(|(index, root)| (index, QueryRoot::Operator(root)))
-                .collect(),
-        )?;
         let data = workload.data_workload().cloned().unwrap_or_default();
-        let plan = select_plan(&inventory, &targets, &data, input.models)?;
+        let plan = plan_stages(roots, &targets, &data, input.models, 0)?.plan;
 
         output.plans = plan
             .logical
diff --git a/crates/planner/tests/e2e_plan.rs b/crates/planner/tests/e2e_plan.rs
index 2a31ac100..ea2eb615c 100644
--- a/crates/planner/tests/e2e_plan.rs
+++ b/crates/planner/tests/e2e_plan.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
 use asap_frontend_sql::{lower_sql_dialect, SqlCatalog};
-use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::enumerate_local_logical_candidates;
+use asap_logical_optimizer::pass2::identical_expressions::stage1_logical_candidates;
 use asap_plan_selection::{select_exhaustive, PlanningModels, MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES};
 use asap_planner::pass::{OptimizationInput, OptimizationPass, OptimizeError, PlanOutput};
 use asap_planner::{e2e_plan, FrontendInput, PlanError, UserInput, UserInputError};
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ async fn facade_plans_match_exhaustive_stage_pipeline_selection() {
         roots.push((index, QueryRoot::Operator(expr)));
         targets.push(Some(accuracy));
     }
-    let inventory = enumerate_local_logical_candidates(roots).expect("Stage 1");
+    let inventory = stage1_logical_candidates(roots).expect("Stage 1");
     let data = workload.data_workload.clone().unwrap_or_default();
     let enumeration = select_exhaustive(
         &inventory,
diff --git a/crates/planner/tests/stage_pipeline_selection.rs b/crates/planner/tests/stage_pipeline_selection.rs
index 6f49e13b5..7eae38365 100644
--- a/crates/planner/tests/stage_pipeline_selection.rs
+++ b/crates/planner/tests/stage_pipeline_selection.rs
@@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
 //! The stage pipeline's dynamic program selects the exhaustive minimum
-//! (#572): on #509 Example 1 and on small nested, top-k and SQL workloads,
-//! the combination it picks is the one that building and pricing every
-//! combination picks.
+//! (#572): on #509 Example 1 and on small nested, top-k, shared-input and SQL
+//! workloads, the sharing variant and combination it picks are the ones that
+//! building and pricing every combination of every variant picks.
 
 use asap_frontend_sql::{lower_sql_dialect, SqlCatalog};
-use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::{
-    enumerate_local_logical_candidates, LocalLogicalCandidates,
+use asap_logical_optimizer::pass2::identical_expressions::{
+    stage1_logical_candidates, SharingVariant,
 };
 use asap_plan_selection::PlanningModels;
 use asap_plan_selection::{
     select_exhaustive, select_plan, SelectionMethod, MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES,
 };
 use asap_planner::{e2e_plan, FrontendInput, UserInput};
-use asap_types::ir::cse::share_common_sub_dags;
 use asap_types::ir::schema::{DataType, Field, Schema};
 use asap_types::ir::schema_support::with_promql_series_identity;
 use asap_types::ir::QueryRoot;
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@ use asap_types::workload::{
     RepeatingEntry, RepetitionInterval, SqlDialect, TimeSelection,
 };
 
-type Inventory = LocalLogicalCandidates<usize>;
+type Inventory = Vec<SharingVariant<usize>>;
 
 fn declared<T>(value: T) -> Evidence<T> {
     Evidence {
@@ -115,23 +114,22 @@ fn promql(queries: &[&str], series: u64) -> PlanningWorkload {
     }
 }
 
-/// Stage 1's inventory as the stage pipeline builds it: series identity,
-/// then identical sub-DAGs merged.
+/// Stage 1 as the stage pipeline builds it: series identity, then Pass 1
+/// with and without identical sub-DAGs merged.
 fn promql_inventory(workload: &PlanningWorkload) -> Inventory {
     let roots = asap_frontend_promql::lower_promql_query_workload(workload, 0)
         .expect("lowers")
         .into_iter()
         .enumerate()
         .map(|(index, root)| match root {
-            QueryRoot::Operator(node) => (index, with_promql_series_identity(&node).unwrap()),
+            QueryRoot::Operator(node) => (
+                index,
+                QueryRoot::Operator(with_promql_series_identity(&node).unwrap()),
+            ),
             QueryRoot::Scalar(_) => panic!("operator roots"),
         })
         .collect();
-    let roots = share_common_sub_dags(roots)
-        .into_iter()
-        .map(|(index, node)| (index, QueryRoot::Operator(node)))
-        .collect();
-    enumerate_local_logical_candidates(roots).expect("Stage 1")
+    stage1_logical_candidates(roots).expect("Stage 1")
 }
 
 fn targets(workload: &PlanningWorkload) -> Vec<Option<AccuracyTarget>> {
@@ -174,17 +172,38 @@ fn assert_dp_matches_exhaustive(
 
     let plan = select_plan(inventory, &targets, &data, models).expect("selects");
     assert_eq!(plan.selection.method, SelectionMethod::TreeDp);
-    assert_eq!(plan.choice, winner.choice);
+    assert_eq!((plan.shared, &plan.choice), (winner.shared, &winner.choice));
     assert_eq!(plan.selection.selected, exhaustive.selection.selected);
     exhaustive.selection.selected
 }
 
-/// #509 Example 1: the dynamic program picks the cheapest of its 24 combinations.
+/// #509 Example 1: the dynamic program picks the cheapest of its 48
+/// combinations (24 per sharing variant): P44, P20's choices with the range
+/// selector shared.
 #[test]
 fn example1_dp_equals_exhaustive() {
     let workload = example1();
-    let selected = assert_dp_matches_exhaustive(&promql_inventory(&workload), &workload, 24);
-    assert_eq!(selected, "P20");
+    let selected = assert_dp_matches_exhaustive(&promql_inventory(&workload), &workload, 48);
+    assert_eq!(selected, "P44");
+}
+
+/// When sharing merges a whole target (`rate(x[1m])` read by both queries),
+/// the shared variant has one target for it, and the dynamic program still
+/// selects the exhaustive minimum over both variants (16 + 8 combinations).
+#[test]
+fn shared_target_dp_equals_exhaustive() {
+    let workload = promql(
+        &["sum by (job) (rate(x[1m]))", "max by (job) (rate(x[1m]))"],
+        1_000,
+    );
+    let stage1 = promql_inventory(&workload);
+    let targets: Vec<_> = stage1.iter().map(|v| v.inventory.targets.len()).collect();
+    assert_eq!(targets, [4, 3]);
+    let selected = assert_dp_matches_exhaustive(&stage1, &workload, 24);
+    assert!(
+        selected.trim_start_matches('P').parse::<usize>().unwrap() > 16,
+        "a shared candidate wins: {selected}"
+    );
 }
 
 /// Nested targets (`sum` over `rate`) select the exhaustive minimum.
@@ -214,7 +233,7 @@ fn two_query_promql_dp_equals_exhaustive() {
         ],
         1_000,
     );
-    assert_dp_matches_exhaustive(&promql_inventory(&workload), &workload, 24);
+    assert_dp_matches_exhaustive(&promql_inventory(&workload), &workload, 48);
 }
 
 /// A SQL workload (distinct count and percentile) selects the exhaustive minimum.
@@ -250,12 +269,13 @@ async fn sql_dp_equals_exhaustive() {
             .expect("lowers");
         roots.push((index, QueryRoot::Operator(root)));
     }
-    let inventory = enumerate_local_logical_candidates(roots).expect("Stage 1");
+    let inventory = stage1_logical_candidates(roots).expect("Stage 1");
     assert_dp_matches_exhaustive(&inventory, &workload, 15);
 }
 
-/// Through the facade, Example 1 selects the exhaustive winner, P20: both
-/// queries exact, Q1's rate and sum and Q2's sum as exact accumulators.
+/// Through the facade, Example 1 selects the exhaustive winner, P44: both
+/// queries exact, Q1's rate and sum and Q2's sum as exact accumulators, over
+/// one shared range selector.
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn facade_selects_the_example1_exhaustive_winner() {
     let workload = example1();
@@ -270,7 +290,16 @@ async fn facade_selects_the_example1_exhaustive_winner() {
     .await
     .expect("plans");
     let selection = output.selection.as_ref().expect("selection");
-    assert_eq!(selection.selected, "P20");
+    assert_eq!(selection.selected, "P44");
+    assert_eq!(output.plans.len(), 2);
+    let scans = |root: &std::rc::Rc<asap_types::ir::OperatorNode>| {
+        asap_types::ir::OperatorNode::reachable(root)
+            .into_iter()
+            .filter(|n| matches!(n.non_asap(), Some(asap_types::ir::NonASAPOp::Scan { .. })))
+            .map(|n| std::rc::Rc::as_ptr(&n))
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+    };
+    assert_eq!(scans(&output.plans[0].root), scans(&output.plans[1].root));
     assert_eq!(selection.method, SelectionMethod::TreeDp);
     assert_eq!(output.entry_indices(), vec![0, 1]);
     // The plans are already timed at query time; exporting them again
diff --git a/crates/types/src/ir/schema_support.rs b/crates/types/src/ir/schema_support.rs
index bace1743f..415c9801f 100644
--- a/crates/types/src/ir/schema_support.rs
+++ b/crates/types/src/ir/schema_support.rs
@@ -61,6 +61,12 @@ pub fn with_promql_series_identity(
                     false,
                 ));
                 schema.closed = true;
+                // A series has at most one sample per timestamp, so the full
+                // identity and the timestamp key each row. CSE's sharing
+                // legality reads this key.
+                if let Some(time) = schema.time_index {
+                    schema.add_unique_key(vec![schema.fields.len() - 1, time]);
+                }
             }
             Operator::NonASAP(NonASAPOp::Sort { partition_by, .. })
                 if partition_by.is_without() =>
diff --git a/docs/design_docs/proposals/planner-layering-example1-acceptance.md b/docs/design_docs/proposals/planner-layering-example1-acceptance.md
index 6df7fa737..8c865b16c 100644
--- a/docs/design_docs/proposals/planner-layering-example1-acceptance.md
+++ b/docs/design_docs/proposals/planner-layering-example1-acceptance.md
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ decision, see [Candidate counts](#candidate-counts)).
 | Stage | Doc (#509) | MVP (this spec) |
 |---|---|---|
 | 0. Frontends | 1 workload `LogicalDAG` | same |
-| 1. Logical ASAP | Pass 1 (3) × identical-expression rule (2) × window-composition rule (3 × 3) = **54** | Pass 1 only = **24**. The identical-expression rule (Pass 2) and window composition (blocked on #511: #518, #522) are not implemented. |
-| 2. Physical ASAP | Materialization options per window form = **156** | Physical operator implementation only, no materialization = **24** (the doc's Raw/Raw plans) |
+| 1. Logical ASAP | Pass 1 (3) × identical-expression rule (2) × window-composition rule (3 × 3) = **54** | Pass 1 (24) × identical-expression rule (2) = **48**. Window composition (blocked on #511: #518, #522) is not implemented. |
+| 2. Physical ASAP | Materialization options per window form = **156** | Physical operator implementation only, no materialization = **48** (the doc's Raw/Raw plans, separate or with a shared input) |
 | 3. Selection | 1 plan | 1 plan |
 
 Every MVP candidate is one of the doc's candidates: in Stage 1, the one with no
@@ -52,28 +52,34 @@ Count-Min + heap, Hydra) × separate or shared input. It did not account for
 Pass 1's exact-accumulator options: each of Q1's `rate` and `sum` and Q2's
 `sum_over_time` may stay a raw aggregate or become an exact accumulator
 (`SummaryAgg` → `FinalizeExactAccumulator`). Pass 1 also offers
-CountSketch + heap for Q2's top-k. The planner therefore yields
-2 × 2 (Q1) × 3 × 2 (Q2) = **24** candidates. Hydra and shared-input variants
-are not produced yet; their tests stay ignored, naming the missing feature.
+CountSketch + heap for Q2's top-k. Pass 1 therefore yields
+2 × 2 (Q1) × 3 × 2 (Q2) = **24** combinations, and Pass 2's
+identical-expression rule adds a shared-input variant of each: **48**
+candidates. Hydra is not produced yet; its test stays ignored, naming the
+missing feature.
 
-## Stage 1: 24 candidates
+## Stage 1: 48 candidates
 
 Every combination of Q1 `rate` {raw, Rate acc} × Q1 `sum` {raw, Sum acc} × Q2
 top-k {exact, Count-Min + heap, CountSketch + heap} × Q2 `sum_over_time`
-{raw, Sum acc}. Each query reads its own `http_requests_total[1m]` input.
+{raw, Sum acc}, twice: L1–L24 with each query reading its own
+`http_requests_total[1m]` input, and L25–L48 (labelled "· shared input") with
+one scan → range 1m read by both queries. Pass 2 adds the shared variant only
+because sharing merges nodes; Stage 3 chooses between the variants by cost.
 
 Invariants:
 
-* Exactly 24 candidates, one per combination. No duplicates.
+* Exactly 48 candidates: each combination once with separate inputs and once
+  with the shared input. No duplicates.
 * Every candidate covers both queries.
 * Q1 never reaches a sketch node.
 * Only the scan and range nodes may be shared. No summary is shared.
-* Pending (ignored tests): the sketch families in Q2 are {`CmsWithHeap`,
+* For each Q2 option, both an independent and a shared variant are present.
+* Pending (ignored test): the sketch families in Q2 are {`CmsWithHeap`,
   `CountSketchWithHeap`} per subpopulation and Hydra `HydraCms` (no Hydra
-  alternative yet), and for each Q2 option both an independent and a shared
-  variant are present (needs Pass 2).
+  alternative yet).
 
-## Stage 2: 24 candidates
+## Stage 2: 48 candidates
 
 `Pn` implements `Ln`. Exact Q2 top-k becomes sort (partition by job) → limit
 10; a sketch Q2 is a heap-sketch build → top-10 estimate, which returns the
@@ -85,12 +91,12 @@ Invariants:
   bijection onto the Stage 1 ids, so no valid candidate is dropped before
   Stage 3.
 * Each physical candidate keeps its logical Q2 option and input sharing.
-* Exact TopK is implemented as a sort followed by a limit (8 candidates).
+* Exact TopK is implemented as a sort followed by a limit (16 candidates).
 * A summary Q2 is a sketch build node feeding an estimation node. There is no
   merge node, because the MVP has no window summaries.
 * No node runs at ingestion time, because the MVP has no materialization.
 * The runtime's physical planner compiles every candidate Stage 3 finds
-  valid, and rejects the 8 Count-Min + heap candidates for the reason Stage 3
+  valid, and rejects the 16 Count-Min + heap candidates for the reason Stage 3
   gives: their update weights are not proven non-negative.
 
 ### Candidates for manual review
@@ -98,32 +104,56 @@ Invariants:
 Generated from `tools/dag-viewer/examples/planner-layering-example1.json`.
 "acc" is an exact accumulator; "raw" keeps the relational aggregate.
 
-| Id | Label | Q1 choice | Q2 choice | Stage 3 outcome | Reason |
-|---|---|---|---|---|---|
-| P1 (L1) | Q1 exact · Q2 exact | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: raw | valid, costlier | 86.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P2 (L2) | Q1 exact · Q2 exact (Sum acc) | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: Sum acc | valid, costlier | 83.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P3 (L3) | Q1 exact · Q2 CMS+heap | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: raw | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
-| P4 (L4) | Q1 exact · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
-| P5 (L5) | Q1 exact · Q2 CountSketch+heap | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: raw | valid, costlier | 198.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P6 (L6) | Q1 exact · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc) | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | valid, costlier | 195.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P7 (L7) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: raw | valid, costlier | 83.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P8 (L8) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: Sum acc | valid, costlier | 80.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P9 (L9) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: raw | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
-| P10 (L10) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
-| P11 (L11) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: raw | valid, costlier | 195.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P12 (L12) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc) | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | valid, costlier | 192.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P13 (L13) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 exact | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: raw | valid, costlier | 85.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P14 (L14) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: Sum acc | valid, costlier | 82.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P15 (L15) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CMS+heap | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: raw | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
-| P16 (L16) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
-| P17 (L17) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: raw | valid, costlier | 197.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P18 (L18) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc) | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | valid, costlier | 194.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P19 (L19) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 exact | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: raw | valid, costlier | 82.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P20 (L20) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: Sum acc | **selected** | cheapest valid (79.401 cpu ms) |
-| P21 (L21) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: raw | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
-| P22 (L22) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
-| P23 (L23) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: raw | valid, costlier | 194.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
-| P24 (L24) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc) | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | valid, costlier | 191.401 vs 79.401 cpu ms |
+| Id | Label | Q1 choice | Q2 choice | Input | Stage 3 outcome | Reason |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| P1 (L1) | Q1 exact · Q2 exact | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: raw | separate | valid, costlier | 86.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P2 (L2) | Q1 exact · Q2 exact (Sum acc) | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: Sum acc | separate | valid, costlier | 83.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P3 (L3) | Q1 exact · Q2 CMS+heap | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: raw | separate | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P4 (L4) | Q1 exact · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | separate | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P5 (L5) | Q1 exact · Q2 CountSketch+heap | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: raw | separate | valid, costlier | 198.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P6 (L6) | Q1 exact · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc) | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | separate | valid, costlier | 195.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P7 (L7) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: raw | separate | valid, costlier | 83.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P8 (L8) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: Sum acc | separate | valid, costlier | 80.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P9 (L9) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: raw | separate | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P10 (L10) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | separate | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P11 (L11) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: raw | separate | valid, costlier | 195.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P12 (L12) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc) | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | separate | valid, costlier | 192.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P13 (L13) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 exact | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: raw | separate | valid, costlier | 85.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P14 (L14) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: Sum acc | separate | valid, costlier | 82.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P15 (L15) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CMS+heap | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: raw | separate | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P16 (L16) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | separate | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P17 (L17) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: raw | separate | valid, costlier | 197.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P18 (L18) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc) | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | separate | valid, costlier | 194.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P19 (L19) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 exact | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: raw | separate | valid, costlier | 82.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P20 (L20) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: Sum acc | separate | valid, costlier | 79.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P21 (L21) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: raw | separate | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P22 (L22) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | separate | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P23 (L23) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: raw | separate | valid, costlier | 194.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P24 (L24) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc) | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | separate | valid, costlier | 191.401 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P25 (L25) | Q1 exact · Q2 exact · shared input | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: raw | shared | valid, costlier | 59.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P26 (L26) | Q1 exact · Q2 exact (Sum acc) · shared input | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: Sum acc | shared | valid, costlier | 56.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P27 (L27) | Q1 exact · Q2 CMS+heap · shared input | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: raw | shared | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P28 (L28) | Q1 exact · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) · shared input | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | shared | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P29 (L29) | Q1 exact · Q2 CountSketch+heap · shared input | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: raw | shared | valid, costlier | 171.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P30 (L30) | Q1 exact · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc) · shared input | rate: raw; sum: raw | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | shared | valid, costlier | 168.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P31 (L31) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact · shared input | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: raw | shared | valid, costlier | 56.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P32 (L32) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) · shared input | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: Sum acc | shared | valid, costlier | 53.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P33 (L33) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap · shared input | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: raw | shared | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P34 (L34) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) · shared input | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | shared | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P35 (L35) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap · shared input | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: raw | shared | valid, costlier | 168.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P36 (L36) | Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc) · shared input | rate: Rate acc; sum: raw | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | shared | valid, costlier | 165.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P37 (L37) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 exact · shared input | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: raw | shared | valid, costlier | 58.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P38 (L38) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) · shared input | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: Sum acc | shared | valid, costlier | 55.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P39 (L39) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CMS+heap · shared input | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: raw | shared | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P40 (L40) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) · shared input | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | shared | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P41 (L41) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap · shared input | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: raw | shared | valid, costlier | 170.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P42 (L42) | Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc) · shared input | rate: raw; sum: Sum acc | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | shared | valid, costlier | 167.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P43 (L43) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 exact · shared input | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: raw | shared | valid, costlier | 55.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P44 (L44) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) · shared input | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: exact (sort → limit); sum_over_time: Sum acc | shared | **selected** | cheapest valid (52.201 cpu ms) |
+| P45 (L45) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap · shared input | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: raw | shared | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P46 (L46) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) · shared input | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: Count-Min + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | shared | invalid | q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative |
+| P47 (L47) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap · shared input | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: raw | shared | valid, costlier | 167.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
+| P48 (L48) | Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc) · shared input | rate: Rate acc; sum: Sum acc | top-k: CountSketch + heap; sum_over_time: Sum acc | shared | valid, costlier | 164.201 vs 52.201 cpu ms |
 
 Count-Min + heap stays invalid: Q2 ranks `sum_over_time` of raw samples, and
 nothing in the workload declares `http_requests_total` non-negative (no metric
@@ -142,14 +172,16 @@ Invariants:
   Stage 3 prices valid candidates only.
 * The selected plan is no more expensive than any valid candidate.
 * For each Q2 option, the shared-input candidate costs no more than its
-  separate counterpart (pending: needs Pass 2).
+  separate counterpart.
+* A shared-input candidate is selected, matching the doc's "Raw with a shared
+  input" winner. It saves exactly one scan and one range node over the same
+  choices with separate inputs.
 
-Expected outcome, not asserted because it depends on the cost and accuracy
-models: a shared-input candidate wins, matching the doc's "Raw with a shared
-input" winner. Today, without shared inputs, P20 (all exact, with exact
-accumulators for Q1's rate and sum and Q2's sum_over_time) is selected. The
-doc's other typical winners need window forms or materialization and are out
-of MVP scope.
+Outcome with the built-in models: P44 (P20's choices, all exact with exact
+accumulators for Q1's rate and sum and Q2's sum_over_time, over the shared
+input) at 52.201 cpu ms, against 79.401 for P20. The scan (23.2) and range
+(4.0) are priced once instead of twice. The doc's other typical winners need
+window forms or materialization and are out of MVP scope.
 
 ## Ambiguities and MVP deviations
 
@@ -164,8 +196,11 @@ of MVP scope.
    this a physical choice. Today the frontend emits `aggregate[top_k]`. The
    spec requires sort → limit only by Stage 2.
 3. **Minimal Pass 2.** Only the identical-expression rule applies. The
-   window-composition rule adds 48 of the doc's 54 candidates, and its
-   tumbling and sliding variants wait on #511.
+   window-composition rule adds the rest of the doc's 54 candidates, and its
+   tumbling and sliding variants wait on #511. Sharing the range selector
+   needs its rows to have a provable key, which CSE's legality rule requires:
+   a PromQL series has at most one sample per timestamp, so (series identity,
+   timestamp) is declared as the scan's key.
 4. **"Shared summary charged once"** does not apply literally: the doc says no
    summary is shared in Example 1. The tests check the general form (each node
    charged once) on the shared input node.
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/examples/planner-layering-example1.json b/tools/dag-viewer/examples/planner-layering-example1.json
index c8601e2f7..c6e5e3e28 100644
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/examples/planner-layering-example1.json
+++ b/tools/dag-viewer/examples/planner-layering-example1.json
@@ -2,62 +2,61 @@
   "format": "asap-stage-pipeline/v1",
   "stage0_logical": {
     "dag": {
-      "nodes": [
+      "edges": [
         {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "Scan": {
-                "predicates": [],
-                "schema": {
-                  "closed": true,
-                  "fields": [
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "timestamp"
-                      },
-                      "name": "ts",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": null
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "float64"
-                      },
-                      "name": "value",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": null
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "utf8"
-                      },
-                      "name": "job",
-                      "nullable": true,
-                      "table": null
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "utf8"
-                      },
-                      "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": null
-                    }
-                  ],
-                  "time_index": 0,
-                  "unique_keys": []
+          "consumer": 1,
+          "grouping": "NotApplicable",
+          "intermediate_schema": {
+            "closed": true,
+            "fields": [
+              {
+                "dtype": {
+                  "Plain": "timestamp"
                 },
-                "source": {
-                  "TimeSeries": {
-                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
-                  }
-                }
+                "name": "ts",
+                "nullable": false,
+                "table": null
+              },
+              {
+                "dtype": {
+                  "Plain": "float64"
+                },
+                "name": "value",
+                "nullable": false,
+                "table": null
+              },
+              {
+                "dtype": {
+                  "Plain": "utf8"
+                },
+                "name": "job",
+                "nullable": true,
+                "table": null
+              },
+              {
+                "dtype": {
+                  "Plain": "utf8"
+                },
+                "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                "nullable": false,
+                "table": null
               }
-            }
+            ],
+            "time_index": 0,
+            "unique_keys": [
+              [
+                3,
+                0
+              ]
+            ]
           },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
-          "schema": {
+          "producer": 0,
+          "role": "Input"
+        },
+        {
+          "consumer": 2,
+          "grouping": "NotApplicable",
+          "intermediate_schema": {
             "closed": true,
             "fields": [
               {
@@ -94,26 +93,70 @@
               }
             ],
             "time_index": 0,
-            "unique_keys": []
+            "unique_keys": [
+              [
+                3,
+                0
+              ]
+            ]
           },
-          "timing": null
+          "producer": 1,
+          "role": "Input"
         },
         {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "TimeRange": {
-                "child": 0,
-                "kind": "range",
-                "range": {
-                  "nanos": 0,
-                  "secs": 60
-                }
+          "consumer": 3,
+          "grouping": "NotApplicable",
+          "intermediate_schema": {
+            "closed": true,
+            "fields": [
+              {
+                "dtype": {
+                  "Plain": "timestamp"
+                },
+                "name": "ts",
+                "nullable": false,
+                "table": null
+              },
+              {
+                "dtype": {
+                  "Plain": "float64"
+                },
+                "name": "value",
+                "nullable": false,
+                "table": null
+              },
+              {
+                "dtype": {
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             "fields": [
               {
@@ -150,32 +193,70 @@
               }
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-                  }
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+            "fields": [
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             "fields": [
               {
@@ -212,39 +293,147 @@
               }
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                 }
               }
             }
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@@ -255,77 +444,39 @@
               },
               {
                 "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
+                  "Plain": "utf8"
                 },
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             "fields": [
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@@ -362,26 +513,92 @@
               }
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             }
           },
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             "closed": true,
             "fields": [
               {
@@ -418,33 +635,76 @@
               }
             ],
             "time_index": 0,
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-                    "kind": "sum"
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             "fields": [
               {
@@ -481,41 +741,99 @@
               }
             ],
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               }
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             }
           },
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             "closed": true,
             "fields": [
               {
@@ -551,7 +869,33 @@
               ]
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+          "result_kind": "instant_vector"
         }
       ],
       "roots": [
@@ -568,62 +912,11 @@
     "candidates": [
       {
         "dag": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -660,26 +953,20 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -716,32 +1003,20 @@
                   }
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@@ -778,120 +1053,20 @@
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                   {
@@ -928,26 +1103,20 @@
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@@ -984,33 +1153,20 @@
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@@ -1047,149 +1203,23 @@
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@@ -1226,26 +1256,76 @@
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@@ -1282,32 +1362,31 @@
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@@ -1344,37 +1423,37 @@
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@@ -1401,119 +1480,35 @@
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@@ -1550,39 +1545,76 @@
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@@ -1595,12 +1627,9 @@
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@@ -1622,21 +1651,31 @@
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@@ -1673,41 +1712,38 @@
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@@ -1743,7 +1779,33 @@
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@@ -1751,71 +1813,20 @@
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           ]
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-        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 exact (Sum acc)"
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@@ -1852,26 +1863,20 @@
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@@ -1908,32 +1913,20 @@
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@@ -1970,39 +1963,38 @@
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                 "fields": [
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                   {
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@@ -2013,77 +2005,28 @@
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-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -2120,26 +2063,20 @@
                   }
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -2152,9 +2089,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
                     },
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                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -2176,33 +2116,20 @@
                   }
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -2239,222 +2166,23 @@
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-                          "category": "TopK",
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                   {
@@ -2491,26 +2219,76 @@
                   }
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                 }
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -2547,32 +2325,31 @@
                   }
                 ],
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -2609,37 +2386,37 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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                 }
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -2666,63 +2443,35 @@
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -2759,26 +2508,76 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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+                      },
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+                      {
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+                    "unique_keys": [
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+                        3,
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                 }
               },
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -2815,39 +2614,43 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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             {
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-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
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+              "coverage": {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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                   }
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               },
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -2887,21 +2690,41 @@
                   }
                 ],
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             {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -2938,114 +2761,23 @@
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@@ -3081,7 +2813,33 @@
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@@ -3089,71 +2847,20 @@
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-        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc)"
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@@ -3190,26 +2897,20 @@
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@@ -3246,33 +2947,21 @@
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@@ -3308,120 +2997,20 @@
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@@ -3458,26 +3047,20 @@
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@@ -3514,33 +3097,20 @@
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@@ -3577,57 +3147,20 @@
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
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                   {
@@ -3642,13 +3175,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
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+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
+                              "width": 272
                             }
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                         },
@@ -3667,132 +3200,16 @@
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@@ -3829,26 +3246,76 @@
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@@ -3885,32 +3352,31 @@
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                   {
@@ -3947,37 +3413,37 @@
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                   {
@@ -4004,119 +3470,35 @@
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                   {
@@ -4153,39 +3535,76 @@
                   }
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                       },
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                   {
@@ -4198,12 +3617,9 @@
                   },
                   {
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-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
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@@ -4225,21 +3641,31 @@
                   }
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -4276,57 +3702,50 @@
                   }
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+                      "kind": "sum"
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+                }
               },
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             {
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-                          "category": "TopK",
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
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-                      }
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-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
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+              "coverage": {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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                   }
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -4341,13 +3760,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 125,
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
+                              "width": 272
                             }
                           }
                         },
@@ -4366,24 +3785,52 @@
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+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 272
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                     },
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+                    "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                    }
+                  },
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+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
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                   }
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                 }
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -4419,7 +3866,15 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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@@ -4427,71 +3882,20 @@
               "Operator": 3
             },
             {
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+              "Operator": 8
             }
           ]
         },
-        "id": "L6",
-        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc)"
+        "id": "L3",
+        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 CMS+heap"
       },
       {
         "dag": {
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                   {
@@ -4528,26 +3932,20 @@
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                   {
@@ -4584,39 +3982,20 @@
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                   {
@@ -4629,12 +4008,9 @@
                   },
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-                        "Rate"
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@@ -4656,21 +4032,20 @@
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@@ -4707,120 +4082,20 @@
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                   {
@@ -4857,26 +4132,20 @@
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                   {
@@ -4889,9 +4158,12 @@
                   },
                   {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
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@@ -4913,33 +4185,20 @@
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             {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -4976,41 +4235,20 @@
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             {
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-                            "epsilon": 0.01
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-                  }
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-              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
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+              "intermediate_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -5023,17 +4261,22 @@
                   },
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-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
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+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
+                          }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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@@ -5041,84 +4284,20 @@
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-        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact"
-      },
-      {
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           "nodes": [
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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@@ -5155,26 +4334,76 @@
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@@ -5334,37 +4501,37 @@
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@@ -5391,63 +4558,35 @@
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@@ -5484,26 +4623,76 @@
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@@ -5540,39 +4729,43 @@
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@@ -5612,21 +4805,41 @@
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@@ -5663,41 +4876,35 @@
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@@ -5710,17 +4917,22 @@
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
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@@ -5728,140 +4940,121 @@
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@@ -5898,39 +5091,20 @@
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@@ -5943,12 +5117,9 @@
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@@ -5970,21 +5141,20 @@
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@@ -6021,120 +5191,20 @@
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@@ -6290,57 +5341,20 @@
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@@ -6355,13 +5369,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
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@@ -6380,132 +5394,122 @@
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@@ -6542,26 +5546,31 @@
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@@ -6598,60 +5607,39 @@
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@@ -6662,29 +5650,49 @@
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@@ -6721,120 +5729,76 @@
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@@ -6871,26 +5835,31 @@
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@@ -6927,180 +5896,50 @@
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@@ -7115,13 +5954,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
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                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
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+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
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@@ -7140,24 +5979,52 @@
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@@ -7193,79 +6060,36 @@
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-        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc)"
+        "id": "L5",
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@@ -7302,26 +6126,20 @@
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@@ -7358,39 +6176,20 @@
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@@ -7403,12 +6202,9 @@
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@@ -7430,21 +6226,20 @@
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@@ -7481,120 +6276,20 @@
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@@ -7631,26 +6326,20 @@
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@@ -7663,9 +6352,12 @@
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+                        "Sum"
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@@ -7687,33 +6379,20 @@
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@@ -7750,57 +6429,20 @@
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@@ -7840,132 +6482,122 @@
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@@ -8002,26 +6634,31 @@
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@@ -8058,60 +6695,39 @@
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@@ -8122,29 +6738,49 @@
                   },
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                     "dtype": {
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                     "table": null
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                 ],
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                 }
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                   {
@@ -8181,176 +6817,76 @@
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                         },
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -8387,39 +6923,43 @@
                   }
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -8459,21 +6999,41 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -8510,57 +7070,35 @@
                   }
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
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@@ -8600,24 +7138,52 @@
                   ]
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+                          "depth": 125,
+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 30000
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+                    "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -8653,79 +7219,36 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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           ]
         },
-        "id": "L12",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc)"
+        "id": "L6",
+        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc)"
       },
       {
         "dag": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -8762,26 +7285,20 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -8818,32 +7335,20 @@
                   }
                 ],
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             {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -8856,9 +7361,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
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@@ -8880,45 +7388,38 @@
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                 "fields": [
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                   {
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@@ -8929,38 +7430,46 @@
                   },
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                     "dtype": {
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-                        "Sum"
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                     },
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             {
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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                   {
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                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -8971,77 +7480,28 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "Plain": "utf8"
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@@ -9078,26 +7538,20 @@
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@@ -9134,33 +7588,23 @@
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@@ -9197,170 +7641,97 @@
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@@ -9376,26 +7747,43 @@
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@@ -9408,9 +7796,12 @@
                   },
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+                        "Rate"
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@@ -9432,32 +7823,41 @@
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@@ -9494,85 +7894,23 @@
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@@ -9599,119 +7937,35 @@
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@@ -9748,39 +8002,76 @@
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@@ -9793,12 +8084,9 @@
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@@ -9820,21 +8108,31 @@
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                   {
@@ -9871,41 +8169,38 @@
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                   {
@@ -9941,7 +8236,33 @@
                   ]
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@@ -9949,71 +8270,20 @@
               "Operator": 4
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+              "Operator": 8
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           ]
         },
-        "id": "L14",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc)"
+        "id": "L7",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact"
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       {
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@@ -10050,26 +8320,20 @@
                   }
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@@ -10106,32 +8370,20 @@
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                   {
@@ -10144,9 +8396,12 @@
                   },
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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@@ -10168,87 +8423,38 @@
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@@ -10259,77 +8465,28 @@
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@@ -10366,26 +8523,20 @@
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@@ -10422,33 +8573,20 @@
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                   {
@@ -10461,9 +8599,12 @@
                   },
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@@ -10485,116 +8626,38 @@
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@@ -10610,97 +8673,26 @@
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@@ -10737,26 +8729,76 @@
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@@ -10793,32 +8835,43 @@
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+              "coverage": {
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                 }
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                   {
@@ -10831,9 +8884,12 @@
                   },
                   {
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-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
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@@ -10855,45 +8911,59 @@
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                   {
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@@ -10904,36 +8974,31 @@
                   },
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                     "dtype": {
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-                        "Sum"
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                   {
@@ -10960,63 +9025,35 @@
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@@ -11053,26 +9090,76 @@
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@@ -11181,21 +9272,41 @@
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@@ -11232,114 +9343,23 @@
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@@ -11375,7 +9395,33 @@
                   ]
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@@ -11383,71 +9429,20 @@
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@@ -11484,26 +9479,20 @@
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@@ -11540,32 +9529,20 @@
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@@ -11578,9 +9555,12 @@
                   },
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@@ -11602,87 +9582,38 @@
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@@ -11693,77 +9624,28 @@
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@@ -11800,26 +9682,20 @@
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@@ -11856,33 +9732,20 @@
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@@ -11919,57 +9782,20 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -11984,13 +9810,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
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+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
+                              "width": 272
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                         },
@@ -12009,132 +9835,122 @@
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@@ -12203,9 +10036,12 @@
                   },
                   {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
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@@ -12227,32 +10063,41 @@
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@@ -12289,85 +10134,23 @@
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@@ -12394,63 +10177,35 @@
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@@ -12487,26 +10242,76 @@
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                   {
@@ -12543,39 +10348,31 @@
                   }
                 ],
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@@ -12588,12 +10385,9 @@
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@@ -12615,39 +10409,52 @@
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             {
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@@ -12658,122 +10465,79 @@
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                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 125,
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
+                              "width": 272
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@@ -12809,7 +10573,15 @@
                   ]
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@@ -12817,71 +10589,20 @@
               "Operator": 4
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-        "id": "L18",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc)"
+        "id": "L9",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap"
       },
       {
         "dag": {
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                   {
@@ -12918,26 +10639,20 @@
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@@ -12974,39 +10689,20 @@
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@@ -13046,21 +10742,20 @@
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@@ -13097,87 +10792,38 @@
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@@ -13188,77 +10834,28 @@
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@@ -13295,26 +10892,20 @@
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@@ -13327,9 +10918,12 @@
                   },
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@@ -13351,33 +10945,20 @@
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                   {
@@ -13414,41 +10995,20 @@
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                   {
@@ -13461,17 +11021,22 @@
                   },
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+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
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@@ -13479,84 +11044,20 @@
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@@ -13593,26 +11094,76 @@
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@@ -13649,39 +11200,43 @@
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+              "coverage": {
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@@ -13721,21 +11276,41 @@
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@@ -13772,85 +11347,23 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -13877,63 +11390,35 @@
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                   {
@@ -13970,26 +11455,76 @@
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@@ -14098,21 +11637,41 @@
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@@ -14149,41 +11708,120 @@
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@@ -14219,79 +11857,36 @@
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@@ -14824,57 +12226,20 @@
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@@ -14889,13 +12254,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
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@@ -14914,132 +12279,16 @@
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@@ -15132,39 +12431,43 @@
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@@ -15204,21 +12507,41 @@
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@@ -15255,85 +12578,23 @@
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@@ -15360,119 +12621,35 @@
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@@ -15509,39 +12686,76 @@
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@@ -15554,12 +12768,9 @@
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@@ -15581,21 +12792,31 @@
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@@ -15632,57 +12853,50 @@
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@@ -15697,13 +12911,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
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+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
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+                              "width": 30000
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@@ -15722,24 +12936,52 @@
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                   {
@@ -15775,79 +13017,36 @@
                   ]
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@@ -15884,26 +13083,20 @@
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@@ -15940,39 +13133,20 @@
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@@ -16012,21 +13186,20 @@
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@@ -16063,87 +13236,38 @@
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@@ -16154,77 +13278,28 @@
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                   {
@@ -16261,26 +13336,20 @@
                   }
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                   {
@@ -16293,9 +13362,12 @@
                   },
                   {
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-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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+                        "Sum"
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@@ -16317,33 +13389,20 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -16380,57 +13439,20 @@
                   }
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-                    "family": {
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
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                   {
@@ -16470,132 +13492,16 @@
                   ]
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@@ -16632,26 +13538,76 @@
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@@ -16688,39 +13644,43 @@
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@@ -16760,21 +13720,41 @@
                   }
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@@ -16811,85 +13791,23 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -16916,63 +13834,35 @@
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                   {
@@ -17009,26 +13899,76 @@
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                   {
@@ -17065,39 +14005,43 @@
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@@ -17137,21 +14081,41 @@
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@@ -17188,57 +14152,35 @@
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@@ -17278,24 +14220,52 @@
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@@ -17331,36 +14301,34 @@
                   ]
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@@ -17399,18 +14367,18 @@
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@@ -17449,18 +14417,18 @@
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@@ -17499,38 +14467,22 @@
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@@ -17541,26 +14493,28 @@
                   },
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@@ -17599,18 +14553,18 @@
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@@ -17649,18 +14603,18 @@
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@@ -17699,15 +14653,20 @@
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@@ -17747,65 +14706,73 @@
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@@ -17845,26 +14812,28 @@
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@@ -17904,32 +14873,46 @@
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                 }
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             {
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@@ -17945,9 +14928,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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+                        "Sum"
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@@ -17959,56 +14945,40 @@
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@@ -18019,73 +14989,27 @@
                   },
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@@ -18125,26 +15049,73 @@
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -18184,33 +15155,28 @@
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@@ -18250,33 +15216,35 @@
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@@ -18284,76 +15252,83 @@
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@@ -18392,18 +15367,18 @@
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@@ -18442,18 +15417,18 @@
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@@ -18492,38 +15467,22 @@
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@@ -18534,26 +15493,28 @@
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@@ -18592,18 +15553,18 @@
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@@ -18618,12 +15579,9 @@
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@@ -18645,18 +15603,18 @@
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@@ -18671,9 +15629,12 @@
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@@ -18695,18 +15656,18 @@
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@@ -18745,15 +15706,20 @@
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@@ -18793,65 +15759,73 @@
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@@ -18891,26 +15865,28 @@
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@@ -18950,32 +15926,46 @@
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@@ -18991,9 +15981,12 @@
                   },
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@@ -19005,37 +15998,73 @@
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@@ -19073,67 +16102,75 @@
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@@ -19171,28 +16208,42 @@
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@@ -19233,41 +16284,40 @@
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@@ -19305,42 +16355,25 @@
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@@ -19356,48 +16389,6 @@
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@@ -19406,63 +16397,62 @@
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@@ -19501,18 +16491,18 @@
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@@ -19551,18 +16541,18 @@
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@@ -19601,18 +16591,54 @@
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@@ -19651,18 +16677,18 @@
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@@ -19701,18 +16727,18 @@
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@@ -19751,18 +16777,18 @@
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@@ -19804,13 +16830,13 @@
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@@ -19850,65 +16876,73 @@
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@@ -19948,26 +16982,28 @@
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@@ -20007,32 +17043,46 @@
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@@ -20048,9 +17098,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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@@ -20062,37 +17115,73 @@
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                 "fields": [
@@ -20130,67 +17219,75 @@
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@@ -20228,28 +17325,30 @@
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@@ -20287,35 +17386,49 @@
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@@ -20356,57 +17469,51 @@
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@@ -20443,42 +17550,34 @@
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@@ -20517,18 +17616,18 @@
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@@ -20567,18 +17666,18 @@
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@@ -20617,18 +17716,54 @@
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@@ -20667,18 +17802,18 @@
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@@ -20717,18 +17852,18 @@
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@@ -20770,18 +17905,18 @@
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@@ -20820,18 +17955,18 @@
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@@ -20873,13 +18008,13 @@
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@@ -20919,65 +18054,73 @@
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@@ -21017,26 +18160,28 @@
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@@ -21076,32 +18221,46 @@
                   }
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                 }
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             {
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -21117,9 +18276,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
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                     "table": null
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@@ -21131,37 +18293,73 @@
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
@@ -21199,67 +18397,75 @@
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               "output_schema": {
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@@ -21297,28 +18503,42 @@
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             {
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               "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
@@ -21359,41 +18579,40 @@
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@@ -21431,23 +18650,34 @@
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@@ -21488,57 +18718,51 @@
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@@ -21575,42 +18799,34 @@
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-        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc)"
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@@ -21649,18 +18865,18 @@
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@@ -21699,18 +18915,18 @@
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@@ -21749,18 +18965,54 @@
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@@ -21799,18 +19051,18 @@
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@@ -21849,18 +19101,18 @@
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@@ -21899,18 +19151,18 @@
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@@ -21952,13 +19204,13 @@
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@@ -21998,65 +19250,73 @@
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@@ -22096,26 +19356,28 @@
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@@ -22155,32 +19417,46 @@
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                 }
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@@ -22196,9 +19472,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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+                        "Sum"
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                     "table": null
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@@ -22210,37 +19489,73 @@
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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             {
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               "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
@@ -22278,67 +19593,75 @@
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@@ -22376,28 +19699,30 @@
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -22435,35 +19760,49 @@
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                 "fields": [
@@ -22504,57 +19843,51 @@
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-                          "category": "TopK",
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
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-                        "Column": {
-                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
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+                      "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                      "category": "TopK",
+                      "params": {
+                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
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+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 30000
                         }
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                     },
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-                      ]
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                     }
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@@ -22591,42 +19924,34 @@
                   ]
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                   }
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             }
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           "roots": [
-            3,
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         },
-        "from_logical": "L5",
-        "id": "P5",
-        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 CountSketch+heap"
+        "id": "L17",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap"
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       {
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             {
               "consumer": 1,
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@@ -22665,18 +19990,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -22715,18 +20040,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -22765,18 +20090,54 @@
                   }
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@@ -22815,18 +20176,18 @@
                   }
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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@@ -22865,18 +20226,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -22918,18 +20279,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -22968,18 +20329,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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@@ -23021,13 +20382,13 @@
                   ]
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@@ -23067,65 +20428,73 @@
                   }
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-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
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+                "kind": "relational",
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+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
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-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
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-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
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+                        "name": "value",
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+                      {
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+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
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-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
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-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
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+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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                       }
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                     }
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                 }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -23165,26 +20534,28 @@
                   }
                 ],
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+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
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-                      "secs": 60
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                 }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 2,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -23224,34 +20595,109 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
+                    {
+                      "kind": "rate"
+                    }
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+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
+                  ],
+                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
+            },
+            {
+              "coverage": {
+                "regions": [
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+                    "time_ms": null
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+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
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+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
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+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                      }
-                    ],
-                    "output_names": [
-                      ""
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-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
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+                    "Sum",
+                    "Sum"
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+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                  "weight": {
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                   }
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                 }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -23279,37 +20725,15 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 5,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -23347,67 +20771,75 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
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+                "kind": "relational",
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+                    "fields": [
+                      {
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+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
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+                      {
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-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
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+                        "name": "value",
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+                      },
+                      {
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+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
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-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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-                      "unique_keys": []
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-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                        "name": "job",
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+                      {
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+                        "nullable": false,
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                       }
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                     }
                   }
                 }
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             {
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -23445,28 +20877,42 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
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-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
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+                    "secs": 60
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                 }
-              }
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             {
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -23507,41 +20953,40 @@
                   }
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                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                    "family": {
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-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
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+                    "Sum"
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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                   }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -23579,23 +21024,34 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
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-                  }
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             },
             {
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@@ -23636,57 +21092,51 @@
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-                    "family": {
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-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
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-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
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-                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
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+                      "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                      "category": "TopK",
+                      "params": {
+                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                          "depth": 125,
+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 30000
                         }
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                     },
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-                        2
-                      ]
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+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": {
+                    "Column": {
+                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                     }
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                   }
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                 "fields": [
@@ -23723,42 +21173,34 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-                      "TopK": {
-                        "k": 10
-                      }
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                   }
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           "roots": [
-            3,
-            9
+            {
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         },
-        "from_logical": "L6",
-        "id": "P6",
-        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc)"
+        "id": "L18",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc)"
       },
       {
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             {
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -23797,18 +21239,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -23847,18 +21289,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -23900,18 +21342,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -23950,18 +21392,54 @@
                   }
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@@ -24000,68 +21478,18 @@
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-              "data_state": {
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -24100,18 +21528,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
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@@ -24150,15 +21578,20 @@
                   }
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               "producer": 8,
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             }
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               "guarantee": null,
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@@ -24198,65 +21631,73 @@
                   }
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                "kind": "relational",
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+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
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                         },
-                        {
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-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
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+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
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-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                        "name": "job",
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+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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                       }
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                     }
                   }
                 }
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 1,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -24296,26 +21737,40 @@
                   }
                 ],
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-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "time_range",
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+                    "nanos": 0,
+                    "secs": 60
+                  },
+                  "range_kind": "range"
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "range_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": {
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+                  {
+                    "population": {},
+                    "time_ms": null
+                  }
+                ],
+                "source": {
+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
+                }
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 2,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -24358,39 +21813,38 @@
                   }
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                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "SummaryAgg": {
-                    "child": 1,
-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
-                    },
-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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-                        "Column": "SampleValue"
-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Rate",
+                    "Rate"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": null,
+                  "weight": {
+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
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+                  "weight_domain": {
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                   }
-                }
-              }
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+                "reduction": "PerEntity"
+              },
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 3,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -24430,23 +21884,95 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
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+                    0
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+                ]
               },
-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "payload": {
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
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+            {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
+                }
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+              "guarantee": null,
+              "id": 4,
+              "output_schema": {
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+                "fields": [
+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                    },
+                    "name": "job",
+                    "nullable": true,
+                    "table": null
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
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+                    "nullable": false,
+                    "table": null
+                  }
+                ],
+                "time_index": null,
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 2
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Sum",
+                    "Sum"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                  "weight": {
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+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                   }
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+                    2
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                 }
-              }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 5,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -24474,37 +22000,15 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                      ""
-                    ],
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 5,
+              "id": 6,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -24542,67 +22046,75 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                      "fields": [
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-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
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+                "kind": "relational",
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+                    "fields": [
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
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+                      },
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-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
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+                        "name": "value",
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+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
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-                    },
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-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                        "name": "job",
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+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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                       }
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+                      [
+                        3,
+                        0
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+                      "metric": "http_requests_total"
                     }
                   }
                 }
-              }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 7,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -24640,28 +22152,30 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                    "child": 5,
-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
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                 }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 7,
+              "id": 8,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -24699,54 +22213,40 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
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-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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@@ -24762,48 +22262,6 @@
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@@ -24812,63 +22270,62 @@
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@@ -24907,18 +22364,18 @@
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@@ -24957,18 +22414,18 @@
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@@ -25010,18 +22467,18 @@
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@@ -25060,38 +22517,22 @@
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@@ -25102,26 +22543,28 @@
                   },
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@@ -25160,18 +22603,18 @@
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@@ -25186,12 +22629,9 @@
                   },
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@@ -25213,18 +22653,18 @@
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@@ -25239,9 +22679,12 @@
                   },
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@@ -25263,18 +22706,18 @@
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@@ -25313,15 +22756,20 @@
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@@ -25361,65 +22809,73 @@
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                         },
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+                        "name": "value",
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-                        {
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@@ -25459,26 +22915,40 @@
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-                      "secs": 60
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+                "kind": "relational",
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+                    "secs": 60
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                 }
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             {
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@@ -25521,39 +22991,38 @@
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               "payload": {
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-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
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-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
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+                    "Rate"
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -25593,21 +23062,32 @@
                   }
                 ],
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+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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             },
             {
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -25623,9 +23103,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
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                     "table": null
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@@ -25637,56 +23120,40 @@
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                   }
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                 }
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                 "fields": [
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@@ -25697,73 +23164,27 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "Plain": "float64"
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                     "table": null
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 6,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -25803,26 +23224,73 @@
                   }
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+                "unique_keys": [
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+                "kind": "relational",
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+                        "nullable": true,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
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+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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@@ -25838,12 +23306,9 @@
                   },
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-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
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@@ -25865,39 +23330,40 @@
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-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
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+                    "secs": 60
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             {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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@@ -25913,9 +23379,12 @@
                   },
                   {
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-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
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@@ -25937,21 +23406,38 @@
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@@ -25991,33 +23477,20 @@
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-                  }
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -26025,76 +23498,83 @@
                 "fields": [
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-                    "table": null
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
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                     "table": null
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Plain": "float64"
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+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
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+                        "EpsilonDelta": {
+                          "delta": 0.001,
+                          "epsilon": 0.01
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+                      "kind": "top_k"
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                       2
                     ]
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           "roots": [
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-            10
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         },
-        "from_logical": "L8",
-        "id": "P8",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc)"
+        "id": "L20",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc)"
       },
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@@ -26133,18 +23613,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -26183,18 +23663,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -26236,18 +23716,18 @@
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@@ -26286,18 +23766,54 @@
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -26336,18 +23852,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -26386,18 +23902,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -26436,18 +23952,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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@@ -26489,13 +24005,13 @@
                   ]
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-              "role": "Input",
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+              "producer": 9,
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           ],
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 0,
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@@ -26535,65 +24051,73 @@
                   }
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+                    "fields": [
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
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+                          "Plain": "float64"
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-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "value",
+                        "nullable": false,
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+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
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-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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-                      "time_index": 0,
-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
-                    "source": {
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-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                        "name": "job",
+                        "nullable": true,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        },
+                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
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+                    "unique_keys": [
+                      [
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                     }
                   }
                 }
-              }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 1,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -26633,26 +24157,40 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               },
               "payload": {
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-                    "child": 0,
-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "time_range",
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+                    "nanos": 0,
+                    "secs": 60
+                  },
+                  "range_kind": "range"
                 }
-              }
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+              "result_kind": "range_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": {
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+                  {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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+                "source": {
+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 2,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -26695,39 +24233,38 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
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               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "SummaryAgg": {
-                    "child": 1,
-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
-                    },
-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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-                      "weight": {
-                        "Column": "SampleValue"
-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Rate",
+                    "Rate"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                  "weight": {
+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
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+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                   }
-                }
-              }
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+                "reduction": "PerEntity"
+              },
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 3,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -26767,23 +24304,95 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
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               },
-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "payload": {
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+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
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+            {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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+              "guarantee": null,
+              "id": 4,
+              "output_schema": {
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+                "fields": [
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+                    },
+                    "name": "job",
+                    "nullable": true,
+                    "table": null
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+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
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+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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+                "family": {
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+                    "Sum"
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+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                  "weight": {
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                   }
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-              }
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             {
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -26811,37 +24420,15 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-                        2
-                      ]
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-                  }
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+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
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             {
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+              "id": 6,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -26879,67 +24466,75 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
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+                "kind": "relational",
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-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
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-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
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-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
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                 "fields": [
@@ -26977,28 +24572,30 @@
                   }
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-                      "secs": 60
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@@ -27036,35 +24633,49 @@
                   }
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-                        "kind": "sum"
-                      }
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-                    ],
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
-                  }
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                 }
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             {
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                 "fields": [
@@ -27105,57 +24716,51 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-                    "family": {
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-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
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+                      "params": {
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+                          "heap_size": 100,
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                         }
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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                     }
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@@ -27192,42 +24797,34 @@
                   ]
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           "roots": [
-            4,
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         },
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-        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap"
+        "id": "L21",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap"
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@@ -27266,18 +24863,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -27316,18 +24913,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -27369,18 +24966,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -27419,38 +25016,22 @@
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@@ -27461,26 +25042,28 @@
                   },
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@@ -27519,18 +25102,18 @@
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@@ -27545,12 +25128,9 @@
                   },
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@@ -27572,18 +25152,18 @@
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@@ -27598,9 +25178,12 @@
                   },
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@@ -27622,18 +25205,68 @@
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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@@ -27675,13 +25308,13 @@
                   ]
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               "guarantee": null,
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@@ -27721,65 +25354,73 @@
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
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+                "kind": "relational",
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                         },
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-                        {
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -27819,26 +25460,40 @@
                   }
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+                "unique_keys": [
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             {
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -27881,39 +25536,38 @@
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
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+                    "Rate"
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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-                }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -27953,23 +25607,95 @@
                   }
                 ],
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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+                    "Sum",
+                    "Sum"
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+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                  "weight": {
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+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                   }
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                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -27997,37 +25723,15 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                      ""
-                    ],
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 5,
+              "id": 6,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -28065,67 +25769,75 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                    "schema": {
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-                      "fields": [
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-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
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+                  "schema": {
+                    "closed": true,
+                    "fields": [
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
+                        "nullable": false,
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+                      },
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+                          "Plain": "float64"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "value",
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+                      },
+                      {
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+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
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-                    },
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-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
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+                      },
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                       }
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                     }
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@@ -28163,28 +25875,42 @@
                   }
                 ],
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
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+                    "secs": 60
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                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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               "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
@@ -28225,41 +25951,40 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               },
               "payload": {
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-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
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-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
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+                    "Sum",
+                    "Sum"
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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                   }
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -28297,23 +26022,34 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 7
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
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             },
             {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -28354,57 +26090,51 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-                    "family": {
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-                        {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
-                            "CmsWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 7,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 272
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-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
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-                        "Column": {
-                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                "family": {
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+                      "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                      "category": "TopK",
+                      "params": {
+                        "CmsWithHeap": {
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+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 272
                         }
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                       }
                     },
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-                      ]
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                     }
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -28441,42 +26171,34 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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                   }
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           "roots": [
-            4,
-            10
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         },
-        "from_logical": "L10",
-        "id": "P10",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc)"
+        "id": "L22",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc)"
       },
       {
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -28515,18 +26237,18 @@
                   }
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -28565,18 +26287,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
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@@ -28618,18 +26340,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -28668,18 +26390,54 @@
                   }
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             {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -28718,18 +26476,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -28768,18 +26526,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -28818,18 +26576,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -28871,13 +26629,13 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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-              "role": "Input",
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               "guarantee": null,
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@@ -28917,65 +26675,73 @@
                   }
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+                "unique_keys": [
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-                          },
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+                "kind": "relational",
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+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
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-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
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-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
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-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
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+                        "name": "value",
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+                      },
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+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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-                        {
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-                    },
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-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                        "name": "job",
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+                      },
+                      {
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+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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                     }
                   }
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 1,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -29015,26 +26781,40 @@
                   }
                 ],
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-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
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+                    "secs": 60
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                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
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+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 2,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -29077,39 +26857,38 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               },
               "payload": {
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-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
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-                        "Rate"
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-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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-                        "Column": "SampleValue"
-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Rate",
+                    "Rate"
+                  ]
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+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                  "weight": {
+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
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+                  "weight_domain": {
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                   }
-                }
-              }
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+                "reduction": "PerEntity"
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             {
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -29149,23 +26928,95 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                  ]
+                ]
               },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "payload": {
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
+            },
+            {
+              "coverage": {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
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+              "output_schema": {
+                "closed": true,
+                "fields": [
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+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                    },
+                    "name": "job",
+                    "nullable": true,
+                    "table": null
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
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+                    "table": null
+                  }
+                ],
+                "time_index": null,
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                    0
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+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 2
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Sum",
+                    "Sum"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                  "weight": {
+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
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+                  "weight_domain": {
+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                   }
+                },
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+                  "Reduce": [
+                    2
+                  ]
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -29193,37 +27044,15 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
               "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
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-                    "measures": [
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-                      ""
-                    ],
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 5,
+              "id": 6,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -29261,67 +27090,75 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
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+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
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+                  "schema": {
+                    "closed": true,
+                    "fields": [
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "float64"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "value",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                          "nullable": false,
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-                      ],
-                      "time_index": 0,
-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
-                    "source": {
-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                        "name": "job",
+                        "nullable": true,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        },
+                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
                       }
+                    ],
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+                    "unique_keys": [
+                      [
+                        3,
+                        0
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+                      "metric": "http_requests_total"
                     }
                   }
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 7,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -29359,28 +27196,30 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
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-                    "child": 5,
-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "time_range",
+                  "range": {
+                    "nanos": 0,
+                    "secs": 60
+                  },
+                  "range_kind": "range"
                 }
-              }
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+              "result_kind": "range_vector"
             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 7,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -29418,35 +27257,49 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
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               },
               "payload": {
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-                    "filters": [],
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-                    "measures": [
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-                        "kind": "sum"
-                      }
-                    ],
-                    "output_names": [
-                      ""
-                    ],
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
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+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
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+                    {
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+                      "kind": "sum"
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
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+                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -29487,57 +27340,51 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
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-                    "family": {
-                      "Sketch": [
-                        {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 125,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
-                            }
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-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
-                      "item": {
-                        "Column": {
-                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                "family": {
+                  "Sketch": [
+                    {
+                      "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                      "category": "TopK",
+                      "params": {
+                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                          "depth": 125,
+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 30000
                         }
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-                      "weight": {
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-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                       }
                     },
-                    "reduction": {
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-                        2
-                      ]
+                    "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": {
+                    "Column": {
+                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                     }
+                  },
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               "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
@@ -29574,42 +27421,34 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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-                      }
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-                    "summary_input": 8
+                "kind": "summary_estimate",
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                   }
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             }
           ],
           "roots": [
-            4,
-            9
+            {
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+            {
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         },
-        "from_logical": "L11",
-        "id": "P11",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap"
+        "id": "L23",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap"
       },
       {
         "dag": {
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             {
               "consumer": 1,
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -29648,18 +27487,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -29698,18 +27537,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
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@@ -29751,18 +27590,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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@@ -29801,38 +27640,22 @@
                   }
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-              "window": "NotApplicable"
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                 "fields": [
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@@ -29843,26 +27666,28 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
                     },
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                     "table": null
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-              "role": "Input",
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             {
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -29901,18 +27726,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
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             {
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@@ -29927,12 +27752,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
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                     "table": null
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@@ -29954,18 +27776,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
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-                "unique_keys": []
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               "producer": 7,
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
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               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -29980,9 +27802,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "value",
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                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -30004,18 +27829,68 @@
                   }
                 ],
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+                  [
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               "producer": 8,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "role": "Input"
             },
             {
               "consumer": 10,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
+              "intermediate_schema": {
+                "closed": true,
+                "fields": [
+                  {
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+                    "dtype": {
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+                    "nullable": false,
+                    "table": null
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                    },
+                    "name": "job",
+                    "nullable": true,
+                    "table": null
+                  },
+                  {
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+                    "table": null
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+                "unique_keys": [
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+              "role": "Input"
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+            {
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -30057,13 +27932,13 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 9,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "producer": 10,
+              "role": "Input"
             }
           ],
           "nodes": [
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+              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 0,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -30103,65 +27978,73 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
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-                    "schema": {
-                      "closed": true,
-                      "fields": [
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-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                "kind": "relational",
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+                  "schema": {
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+                    "fields": [
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
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+                      },
+                      {
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-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "value",
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+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                          "nullable": false,
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-                      ],
-                      "time_index": 0,
-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
-                    "source": {
-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                        "name": "job",
+                        "nullable": true,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        },
+                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                        "nullable": false,
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+                    "unique_keys": [
+                      [
+                        3,
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                     }
                   }
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
+              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 1,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -30201,26 +28084,40 @@
                   }
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               },
               "payload": {
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-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
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+                  "kind": "time_range",
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+                    "nanos": 0,
+                    "secs": 60
+                  },
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                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "range_vector"
             },
             {
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+                    "time_ms": null
+                  }
+                ],
+                "source": {
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+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -30263,39 +28160,38 @@
                   }
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                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               },
               "payload": {
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-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
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-                        "Column": "SampleValue"
-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Rate",
+                    "Rate"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                  "weight": {
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                   }
-                }
-              }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -30335,23 +28231,95 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                  ]
+                ]
               },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "payload": {
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
+            },
+            {
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+                  {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
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+              "id": 4,
+              "output_schema": {
+                "closed": true,
+                "fields": [
+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                    },
+                    "name": "job",
+                    "nullable": true,
+                    "table": null
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
+                    },
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+                    "nullable": false,
+                    "table": null
+                  }
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+                "time_index": null,
+                "unique_keys": [
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               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 2
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Sum",
+                    "Sum"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                  "weight": {
+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
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+                  "weight_domain": {
+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                   }
+                },
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+                    2
+                  ]
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 4,
+              "id": 5,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -30379,37 +28347,15 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
               "payload": {
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-                    "having": null,
-                    "measures": [
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-                        "kind": "sum"
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-                      ""
-                    ],
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 5,
+              "id": 6,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -30447,67 +28393,75 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               },
               "payload": {
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-                    "schema": {
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-                      "fields": [
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "scan",
+                  "predicates": [],
+                  "schema": {
+                    "closed": true,
+                    "fields": [
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "float64"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "value",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                          "nullable": false,
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-                      ],
-                      "time_index": 0,
-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
-                    "source": {
-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                        "name": "job",
+                        "nullable": true,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        },
+                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
                       }
+                    ],
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+                    "unique_keys": [
+                      [
+                        3,
+                        0
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                     }
                   }
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 7,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -30545,28 +28499,42 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               },
               "payload": {
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-                    "child": 5,
-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "time_range",
+                  "range": {
+                    "nanos": 0,
+                    "secs": 60
+                  },
+                  "range_kind": "range"
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "range_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": {
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+                  {
+                    "population": {},
+                    "time_ms": null
+                  }
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+                "source": {
+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
+                }
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 7,
+              "id": 8,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -30607,41 +28575,40 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "SummaryAgg": {
-                    "child": 6,
-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
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-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
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-                      "weight": {
-                        "Column": "SampleValue"
-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Sum",
+                    "Sum"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": null,
+                  "weight": {
+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
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+                  "weight_domain": {
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                   }
-                }
-              }
+                },
+                "kind": "summary_agg",
+                "reduction": "PerEntity"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "state"
             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 8,
+              "id": 9,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -30679,23 +28646,34 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                    0
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               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 7
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": {
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+                  {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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+                ],
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+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
+                }
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 10,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -30736,57 +28714,51 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
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-                    "family": {
-                      "Sketch": [
-                        {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 125,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
-                            }
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-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
-                      "item": {
-                        "Column": {
-                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                "family": {
+                  "Sketch": [
+                    {
+                      "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                      "category": "TopK",
+                      "params": {
+                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                          "depth": 125,
+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 30000
                         }
-                      },
-                      "weight": {
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-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                       }
                     },
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
+                    "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": {
+                    "Column": {
+                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                     }
+                  },
+                  "weight": {
+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
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+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                   }
+                },
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+                  ]
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "state"
             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 11,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -30823,42 +28795,34 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "SummaryEstimate": {
-                    "query": {
-                      "TopK": {
-                        "k": 10
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "summary_input": 9
+                "kind": "summary_estimate",
+                "query": {
+                  "TopK": {
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                   }
                 }
-              }
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             }
           ],
           "roots": [
-            4,
-            10
+            {
+              "Operator": 5
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+            {
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+            }
           ]
         },
-        "from_logical": "L12",
-        "id": "P12",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc)"
+        "id": "L24",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc)"
       },
       {
         "dag": {
           "edges": [
             {
               "consumer": 1,
-              "data_state": {
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               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -30897,18 +28861,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
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               "producer": 0,
-              "role": "Input",
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+              "role": "Input"
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             {
               "consumer": 2,
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -30947,18 +28911,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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+              "role": "Input"
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             {
               "consumer": 3,
-              "data_state": {
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@@ -30997,59 +28961,18 @@
                   }
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                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -31088,18 +29011,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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+              "producer": 1,
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             },
             {
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-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
+              "consumer": 5,
               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -31138,20 +29061,23 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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-            },
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             {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -31188,20 +29114,76 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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+                  [
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-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "payload": {
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+                  "schema": {
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+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
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+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "float64"
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+                        "name": "value",
+                        "nullable": false,
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+                      {
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+                        "name": "job",
+                        "nullable": true,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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             {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                   {
@@ -31238,17 +29220,30 @@
                   }
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+                "unique_keys": [
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-              "role": "Input",
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-            }
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+                "operator": {
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+                    "secs": 60
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@@ -31286,86 +29281,39 @@
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@@ -31376,36 +29324,48 @@
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@@ -31443,34 +29403,37 @@
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@@ -31484,12 +29447,17 @@
                   },
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                     "dtype": {
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-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
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                     },
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@@ -31497,50 +29465,77 @@
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@@ -31551,36 +29546,28 @@
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@@ -31617,68 +29604,20 @@
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@@ -31715,29 +29654,20 @@
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@@ -31774,36 +29704,20 @@
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@@ -31816,9 +29730,12 @@
                   },
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@@ -31840,36 +29757,20 @@
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@@ -31906,46 +29807,23 @@
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@@ -31982,20 +29860,76 @@
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@@ -32032,20 +29966,31 @@
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@@ -32082,20 +30027,37 @@
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@@ -32108,12 +30070,9 @@
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@@ -32125,18 +30084,47 @@
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                   {
@@ -32149,9 +30137,12 @@
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@@ -32173,20 +30164,41 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -32223,71 +30235,104 @@
                   }
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             {
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-                        "Sum"
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                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
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                     "dtype": {
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                     "table": null
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+                        "EpsilonDelta": {
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             {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
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+        "id": "L26",
+        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 exact (Sum acc) · shared input"
+      },
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -32326,18 +30371,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -32376,18 +30421,20 @@
                   }
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                   {
@@ -32424,68 +30471,20 @@
                   }
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                 "time_index": 0,
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             {
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                   {
@@ -32522,29 +30521,20 @@
                   }
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             {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -32581,102 +30571,20 @@
                   }
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                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
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                     0
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-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
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             },
             {
-              "guarantee": null,
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-              "output_schema": {
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+              "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -32689,9 +30597,22 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
+                          }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "sum",
+                    "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
@@ -32703,21 +30624,15 @@
                   ]
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-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 3
-                  }
-                }
-              }
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -32755,67 +30670,75 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                      "fields": [
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-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
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+                  "schema": {
+                    "closed": true,
+                    "fields": [
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
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+                      },
+                      {
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-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "value",
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+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                          "nullable": false,
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-                      ],
-                      "time_index": 0,
-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
-                    "source": {
-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                        "name": "job",
+                        "nullable": true,
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+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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                       }
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+                      [
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+                      "metric": "http_requests_total"
                     }
                   }
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 1,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -32853,28 +30776,30 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                    0
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               },
               "payload": {
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-                    "child": 5,
-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "time_range",
+                  "range": {
+                    "nanos": 0,
+                    "secs": 60
+                  },
+                  "range_kind": "range"
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 7,
+              "id": 2,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -32888,12 +30813,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
+                    "name": "value",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -32915,60 +30837,39 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
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-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
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-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
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-                      "weight": {
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-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "filters": [],
+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
+                    {
+                      "kind": "rate"
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
+                  ],
+                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 3,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -32979,31 +30880,48 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                    "name": "sum",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
                 ],
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-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "time_index": null,
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    0
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+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
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-                    "child": 7
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
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+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
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+                      "kind": "sum"
+                    }
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+                  "output_names": [
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+                      2
+                    ]
                   }
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 9,
+              "id": 4,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -33041,54 +30959,137 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
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               "payload": {
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-                        "expr": {
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-                        },
-                        "nulls_first": false
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-                    ],
-                    "partition_by": [
-                      2
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-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
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+                      "kind": "sum"
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+                  "output_names": [
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+                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
-                    "name": "ts",
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                     "table": null
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "value",
+                    "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
+                  }
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+                "time_index": null,
+                "unique_keys": [
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+              "payload": {
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+                      "category": "TopK",
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+                        "CmsWithHeap": {
+                          "depth": 7,
+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 272
+                        }
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+                    },
+                    "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                  ]
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+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": {
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+                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                    }
                   },
+                  "weight": {
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+                  },
+                  "weight_domain": {
+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
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+                "fields": [
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -33104,47 +31105,52 @@
                     "name": "$promql_series_identity",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "float64"
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@@ -33183,18 +31189,18 @@
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@@ -33233,18 +31239,18 @@
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@@ -33283,59 +31289,18 @@
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@@ -33374,18 +31339,18 @@
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@@ -33400,9 +31365,12 @@
                   },
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@@ -33424,18 +31392,18 @@
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@@ -33474,18 +31442,18 @@
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@@ -33527,13 +31495,13 @@
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@@ -33573,65 +31541,73 @@
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                         },
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@@ -33671,26 +31647,28 @@
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@@ -33730,101 +31708,36 @@
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@@ -33852,119 +31765,46 @@
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@@ -33978,9 +31818,12 @@
                   },
                   {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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+                        "Sum"
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@@ -34002,28 +31845,40 @@
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@@ -34061,35 +31916,34 @@
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+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
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             {
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@@ -34130,57 +31984,51 @@
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-                          "params": {
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+                      "params": {
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+                          "heap_size": 100,
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                         }
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@@ -34217,42 +32065,34 @@
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@@ -34291,18 +32131,18 @@
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@@ -34341,18 +32181,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -34391,109 +32231,18 @@
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@@ -34532,71 +32281,18 @@
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             {
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -34635,18 +32331,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -34663,13 +32359,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CmsWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 7,
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 272
+                              "width": 30000
                             }
                           }
                         },
@@ -34688,13 +32384,13 @@
                   ]
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               },
-              "producer": 9,
-              "role": "Input",
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -34734,65 +32430,73 @@
                   }
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+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                          "name": "ts",
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+                "kind": "relational",
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+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
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-                            "Plain": "float64"
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-                            "Plain": "utf8"
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-                          "name": "job",
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+                      },
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+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
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-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
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-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
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+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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+                    "unique_keys": [
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+                        3,
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                     }
                   }
                 }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -34832,26 +32536,28 @@
                   }
                 ],
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+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                    "range": {
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                 }
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             {
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -34891,101 +32597,36 @@
                   }
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                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
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               "payload": {
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-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
+                "kind": "relational",
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+                  "kind": "aggregate",
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                     }
-                  }
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+                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
                 }
-              }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -35013,119 +32654,34 @@
                   ]
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               "payload": {
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-                      "fields": [
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-                      "unique_keys": []
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-                    "source": {
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-                      }
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                     }
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                   }
                 }
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             {
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               "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
@@ -35163,157 +32719,49 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                      "secs": 60
+                "kind": "relational",
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                     }
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                 }
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-                    "family": {
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-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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-                      "weight": {
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-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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-                    },
-                    "name": "job",
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                   {
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-                      "Plain": "utf8"
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-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
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                   }
                 ],
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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-                "ASAP": {
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+                "source": {
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                   }
                 }
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -35329,13 +32777,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CmsWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 7,
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 272
+                              "width": 30000
                             }
                           }
                         },
@@ -35354,57 +32802,51 @@
                   ]
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-              "output_state": {
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-                    "family": {
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-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
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-                              "depth": 7,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
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-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
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-                        "Column": {
-                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                "family": {
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+                    {
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+                      "category": "TopK",
+                      "params": {
+                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                          "depth": 125,
+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 30000
                         }
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                     },
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+                "filter": null,
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                     }
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@@ -35441,42 +32883,34 @@
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-                      }
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-        "id": "P16",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc)"
+        "id": "L29",
+        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 CountSketch+heap · shared input"
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@@ -35515,18 +32949,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -35565,18 +32999,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -35615,59 +33049,18 @@
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@@ -35706,18 +33099,18 @@
                   }
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-              "data_state": {
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -35732,9 +33125,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
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                   },
@@ -35756,18 +33152,18 @@
                   }
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -35806,18 +33202,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -35859,13 +33255,13 @@
                   ]
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               "guarantee": null,
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@@ -35905,65 +33301,73 @@
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+                "unique_keys": [
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-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
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+                "kind": "relational",
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+                      {
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+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
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-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
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-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
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-                          "name": "job",
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+                        "name": "value",
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+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
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-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
-                    "source": {
-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                        "name": "job",
+                        "nullable": true,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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+                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
                       }
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+                    "unique_keys": [
+                      [
+                        3,
+                        0
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                     }
                   }
                 }
-              }
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 1,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -36003,26 +33407,28 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
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+                "kind": "relational",
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+                    "secs": 60
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                 }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 2,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -36062,32 +33468,34 @@
                   }
                 ],
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-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                      }
-                    ],
-                    "output_names": [
-                      ""
-                    ],
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "relational",
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+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
+                    {
+                      "kind": "rate"
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
+                  ],
+                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                }
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 3,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -36103,12 +33511,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
+                    "name": "sum",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
@@ -36120,85 +33525,46 @@
                   ]
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               "payload": {
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-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
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-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
+                "kind": "relational",
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+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
+                    {
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+                      "kind": "sum"
                     }
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+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
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+                  "reduction": {
+                    "Reduce": [
+                      2
+                    ]
                   }
                 }
-              }
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             {
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-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
+              "coverage": {
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                   {
-                    "dtype": {
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-                    "nullable": false,
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+                    "population": {},
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                   }
                 ],
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-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 3
+                "source": {
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+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
                   }
                 }
-              }
-            },
-            {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 4,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -36212,9 +33578,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "value",
+                    "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -36236,67 +33605,40 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                    0
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               "payload": {
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-                    "schema": {
-                      "closed": true,
-                      "fields": [
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-                          "name": "ts",
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-                          "name": "job",
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-                      "unique_keys": []
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-                    "source": {
-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
-                      }
-                    }
+                "family": {
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+                    "Sum",
+                    "Sum"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                  "weight": {
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+                  "weight_domain": {
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                   }
-                }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -36334,94 +33676,34 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               },
               "payload": {
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-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
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+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
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             },
             {
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-                    "name": "job",
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-                    "table": null
-                  },
+              "coverage": {
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                   {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
+                    "population": {},
+                    "time_ms": null
                   }
                 ],
-                "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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-              "output_state": {
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-                        "kind": "sum"
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-                    "output_names": [
-                      ""
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-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "source": {
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                   }
                 }
-              }
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-            {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -36462,57 +33744,51 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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               "payload": {
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-                    "family": {
-                      "Sketch": [
-                        {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 125,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
-                            }
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-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
-                      "item": {
-                        "Column": {
-                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                "family": {
+                  "Sketch": [
+                    {
+                      "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                      "category": "TopK",
+                      "params": {
+                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                          "depth": 125,
+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 30000
                         }
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                       }
                     },
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-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
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+                    "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                     }
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -36549,42 +33825,34 @@
                   ]
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@@ -36623,18 +33891,18 @@
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@@ -36673,18 +33941,18 @@
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@@ -36699,9 +33967,12 @@
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@@ -36723,59 +33994,18 @@
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@@ -36814,18 +34044,18 @@
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@@ -36864,18 +34094,18 @@
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@@ -36890,12 +34120,9 @@
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-                        "Sum"
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@@ -36917,20 +34144,23 @@
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@@ -36967,68 +34197,75 @@
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-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
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@@ -37066,67 +34303,42 @@
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                 }
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             {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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                 "fields": [
@@ -37140,9 +34352,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
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                     "table": null
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@@ -37164,28 +34379,40 @@
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+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
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-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
+                "family": {
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+                    "Rate",
+                    "Rate"
+                  ]
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+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                  "weight": {
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                   }
-                }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
@@ -37223,99 +34450,20 @@
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                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
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                     0
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                 ]
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-                    },
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
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+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 4,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -37345,19 +34493,32 @@
                   ]
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-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
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+                "kind": "relational",
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                   }
                 }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 5,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -37397,65 +34558,35 @@
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                 ],
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               "payload": {
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                 }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -37463,61 +34594,85 @@
                 "fields": [
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+                      "Plain": "utf8"
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                     "table": null
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
+                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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                     "table": null
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
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                     },
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                     "table": null
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               "payload": {
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-                    "kind": "range",
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+                "kind": "relational",
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+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
+                    {
+                      "accuracy": {
+                        "EpsilonDelta": {
+                          "delta": 0.001,
+                          "epsilon": 0.01
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+                      "kind": "top_k"
                     }
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+                      2
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                   }
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 7,
-              "output_schema": {
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+            }
+          ]
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+        "id": "L31",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact · shared input"
+      },
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+              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
+              "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -37530,12 +34685,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
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                     "table": null
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@@ -37557,42 +34709,20 @@
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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             {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -37629,117 +34759,41 @@
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-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
-                            }
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+                        "Rate"
                       ]
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@@ -37755,60 +34809,21 @@
                     "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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                     "table": null
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-                    },
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-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc)"
-      },
-      {
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             {
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               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -37847,18 +34862,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -37897,18 +34912,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
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+                  ]
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               "producer": 1,
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             {
-              "consumer": 3,
-              "data_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -37924,8 +34939,8 @@
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
                       ]
                     },
                     "name": "state",
@@ -37950,18 +34965,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -38000,61 +35015,23 @@
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                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
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                     0
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             {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38091,20 +35068,76 @@
                   }
                 ],
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-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                ]
               },
-              "producer": 6,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
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+                  "schema": {
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+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
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+                      },
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+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        },
+                        "name": "job",
+                        "nullable": true,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        },
+                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
+                      }
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+                    "unique_keys": [
+                      [
+                        3,
+                        0
+                      ]
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+                      "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "guarantee": null,
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+              "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38141,20 +35174,43 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
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+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
-              "producer": 7,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "payload": {
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+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "time_range",
+                  "range": {
+                    "nanos": 0,
+                    "secs": 60
+                  },
+                  "range_kind": "range"
+                }
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+              "result_kind": "range_vector"
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 9,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "coverage": {
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+                    "time_ms": null
+                  }
+                ],
+                "source": {
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+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
+                }
               },
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
+              "guarantee": null,
+              "id": 2,
+              "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38167,9 +35223,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "value",
+                    "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -38191,67 +35250,40 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
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+                    0
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-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
-                    "table": null
+              "payload": {
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Rate",
+                    "Rate"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                  "weight": {
+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
                   },
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-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
+                  "weight_domain": {
+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                   }
-                ],
-                "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                },
+                "kind": "summary_agg",
+                "reduction": "PerEntity"
               },
-              "producer": 9,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
-            }
-          ],
-          "nodes": [
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+            },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 3,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -38289,86 +35321,25 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
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-                    "schema": {
-                      "closed": true,
-                      "fields": [
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-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
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-                          "name": "ts",
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-                        {
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-                          "name": "job",
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-                          "table": null
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-                        {
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-                          },
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-                          "nullable": false,
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-                    },
-                    "source": {
-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 1,
+              "id": 4,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -38379,36 +35350,60 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                    "name": "sum",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
                 ],
-                "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "time_index": null,
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    0
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               },
               "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
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-                    "child": 0,
-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "filters": [],
+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
+                    {
+                      "col": null,
+                      "kind": "sum"
                     }
+                  ],
+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
+                  ],
+                  "reduction": {
+                    "Reduce": [
+                      2
+                    ]
                   }
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": {
+                "regions": [
+                  {
+                    "population": {},
+                    "time_ms": null
+                  }
+                ],
+                "source": {
+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
+                }
+              },
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 2,
+              "id": 5,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -38423,8 +35418,8 @@
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
                       ]
                     },
                     "name": "state",
@@ -38449,41 +35444,40 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
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-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
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-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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-                      "weight": {
-                        "Column": "SampleValue"
-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Sum",
+                    "Sum"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": null,
+                  "weight": {
+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
+                  },
+                  "weight_domain": {
+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                   }
-                }
-              }
+                },
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+                "reduction": "PerEntity"
+              },
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 3,
+              "id": 6,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -38521,23 +35515,22 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 2
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 4,
+              "id": 7,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -38551,12 +35544,17 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
+                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                    "nullable": false,
+                    "table": null
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "float64"
+                    },
+                    "name": "value",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
@@ -38564,50 +35562,77 @@
                 "time_index": null,
                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
-                    0
+                    0,
+                    1
                   ]
                 ]
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-              },
               "payload": {
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-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
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-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
-                      "item": null,
-                      "weight": {
-                        "Column": "SampleValue"
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "filters": [],
+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
+                    {
+                      "accuracy": {
+                        "EpsilonDelta": {
+                          "delta": 0.001,
+                          "epsilon": 0.01
+                        }
                       },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
+                      "k": 10,
+                      "kind": "top_k"
                     }
+                  ],
+                  "output_names": [],
+                  "reduction": {
+                    "Reduce": [
+                      2
+                    ]
                   }
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
+            }
+          ],
+          "roots": [
+            {
+              "Operator": 4
             },
             {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 5,
-              "output_schema": {
+              "Operator": 7
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        "id": "L32",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) · shared input"
+      },
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+              "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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                   {
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                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -38618,36 +35643,28 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
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                     "table": null
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-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
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-                  }
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             {
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-              "id": 6,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38684,68 +35701,20 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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-              "output_state": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38758,9 +35727,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
                     },
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@@ -38782,29 +35754,20 @@
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-                    "range": {
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-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38841,36 +35804,20 @@
                   }
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-                    "output_names": [
-                      ""
-                    ],
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
-                  }
-                }
-              }
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             {
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-              "id": 9,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38907,36 +35854,20 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               },
-              "payload": {
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-                    "keys": [
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-                        "expr": {
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-                        "nulls_first": false
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-                    ]
-                  }
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-              }
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             },
             {
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-              "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38973,46 +35904,69 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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-              },
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-                    "n": 10,
-                    "offset": 0,
-                    "partition_by": [
-                      2
-                    ]
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+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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                   }
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           ],
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-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 exact"
-      },
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-        "dag": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -39049,20 +36003,76 @@
                   }
                 ],
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+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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+                    "unique_keys": [
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             },
             {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "guarantee": null,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -39099,20 +36109,43 @@
                   }
                 ],
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+                    0
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               },
-              "producer": 1,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "payload": {
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+                    "nanos": 0,
+                    "secs": 60
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+                  "range_kind": "range"
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+              "result_kind": "range_vector"
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 3,
-              "data_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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+                    "time_ms": null
+                  }
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+                  }
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-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "id": 2,
+              "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -39152,20 +36185,41 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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               },
-              "producer": 2,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "payload": {
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+                    "Rate",
+                    "Rate"
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                  "weight": {
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+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
+                  }
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+                "reduction": "PerEntity"
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             {
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-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "guarantee": null,
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+              "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -39202,20 +36256,23 @@
                   }
                 ],
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+                  [
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+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
-              "producer": 3,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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-              },
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -39228,12 +36285,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
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                     "table": null
                   }
@@ -39245,18 +36299,35 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 4,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "payload": {
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+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
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+                      "kind": "sum"
+                    }
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+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
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+                      2
+                    ]
+                  }
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
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             {
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-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
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-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "guarantee": null,
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+              "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -39293,38 +36364,137 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                  "kind": "aggregate",
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             },
             {
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-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "coverage": {
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+                    "time_ms": null
+                  }
+                ],
+                "source": {
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+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
+                }
               },
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "id": 6,
+              "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
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                     "dtype": {
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+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
-                    "name": "ts",
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+                    "nullable": true,
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "Sketch": [
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+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
+                          }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
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+                "unique_keys": [
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+                      "category": "TopK",
+                      "params": {
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+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 272
+                        }
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                    }
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                   },
+                  "weight_domain": {
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+                "fields": [
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                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -39340,21 +36510,52 @@
                     "name": "$promql_series_identity",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
+                  },
+                  {
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+                      "Plain": "float64"
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+                    0,
+                    1
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               },
-              "producer": 7,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "payload": {
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+                "query": {
+                  "TopK": {
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+                  }
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+            }
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             },
             {
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-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
+              "Operator": 7
+            }
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+        "id": "L33",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap · shared input"
+      },
+      {
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -39369,12 +36570,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
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                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -39396,18 +36594,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -39446,18 +36644,18 @@
                   }
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-                "unique_keys": []
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-              "role": "Input",
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             {
-              "consumer": 11,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -39472,9 +36670,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "value",
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@@ -39496,18 +36697,20 @@
                   }
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                   {
@@ -39544,68 +36747,20 @@
                   }
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-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
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-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
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-              "guarantee": null,
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                   {
@@ -39642,29 +36797,20 @@
                   }
                 ],
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "nanos": 0,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -39678,8 +36824,8 @@
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
                       ]
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@@ -39704,42 +36850,20 @@
                   }
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-                "unique_keys": []
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
-                  }
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             {
-              "guarantee": null,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -39776,91 +36900,20 @@
                   }
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-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
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                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
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                     0
                   ]
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-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
-                    }
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             {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 5,
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+              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
+              "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -39873,9 +36926,22 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
+                          }
+                        },
+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "sum",
+                    "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
@@ -39887,21 +36953,15 @@
                   ]
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-              "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 4
-                  }
-                }
-              }
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+              "role": "Input"
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
@@ -39939,67 +36999,75 @@
                   }
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "scan",
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+                  "schema": {
+                    "closed": true,
+                    "fields": [
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
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+                      },
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                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
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+                        "name": "value",
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+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
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-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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-                      ],
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-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
-                    "source": {
-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                        "name": "job",
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+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        },
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+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
                       }
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+                    "unique_keys": [
+                      [
+                        3,
+                        0
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                     }
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                 }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 1,
               "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
@@ -40037,34 +37105,48 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                    "child": 6,
-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
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+                    "nanos": 0,
+                    "secs": 60
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+                  "range_kind": "range"
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 8,
-              "output_schema": {
-                "closed": true,
-                "fields": [
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                   {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "timestamp"
+                    "population": {},
+                    "time_ms": null
+                  }
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+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
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+                    "dtype": {
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                     },
                     "name": "ts",
                     "nullable": false,
@@ -40073,8 +37155,8 @@
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
                       ]
                     },
                     "name": "state",
@@ -40099,41 +37181,40 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
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-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
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+                    "Rate",
+                    "Rate"
+                  ]
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+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                  "weight": {
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                   }
-                }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -40171,42 +37252,25 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
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-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
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             },
             {
+              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -40217,43 +37281,60 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
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+                    "name": "sum",
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                     "table": null
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-                "unique_keys": []
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "time_index": null,
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                        "ascending": false,
-                        "expr": {
-                          "Column": 1
-                        },
-                        "nulls_first": false
-                      }
-                    ],
-                    "partition_by": [
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+                "operator": {
+                  "filters": [],
+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
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+                      "col": null,
+                      "kind": "sum"
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
+                  ],
+                  "reduction": {
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                       2
                     ]
                   }
                 }
-              }
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -40267,9 +37348,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
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-                    "name": "value",
+                    "name": "state",
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                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -40291,46 +37375,41 @@
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                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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-                    "n": 10,
-                    "offset": 0,
-                    "partition_by": [
-                      2
-                    ]
+                "family": {
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+                    "Sum",
+                    "Sum"
+                  ]
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+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": null,
+                  "weight": {
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                   }
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-              "data_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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+                "reduction": "PerEntity"
               },
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-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "guarantee": null,
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -40367,38 +37446,122 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
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+                "unique_keys": [
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-              "window": "NotApplicable"
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             },
             {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "coverage": {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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                     "dtype": {
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-                    "name": "ts",
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                     "table": null
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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@@ -40414,21 +37577,52 @@
                     "name": "$promql_series_identity",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "float64"
+                    },
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                   }
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-                "unique_keys": []
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+                    1
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
-              "producer": 1,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "payload": {
+                "kind": "summary_estimate",
+                "query": {
+                  "TopK": {
+                    "k": 10
+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
+            }
+          ],
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+            {
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             },
             {
-              "consumer": 3,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
+              "Operator": 8
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        "id": "L34",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) · shared input"
+      },
+      {
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+          "edges": [
+            {
+              "consumer": 1,
               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -40443,12 +37637,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
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                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -40470,18 +37661,18 @@
                   }
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                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
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               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -40520,59 +37711,71 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "producer": 1,
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             {
-              "consumer": 5,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Plain": "timestamp"
                     },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
+                    "name": "ts",
+                    "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
                       ]
                     },
                     "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
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+                    "name": "job",
+                    "nullable": true,
+                    "table": null
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
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+                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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                 "unique_keys": [
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                     0
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+              "role": "Input"
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 7,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -40611,18 +37814,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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-              "producer": 6,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
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+              "role": "Input"
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 8,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -40661,18 +37864,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
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+                    0
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               },
-              "producer": 7,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "producer": 1,
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             },
             {
-              "consumer": 9,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -40711,18 +37914,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
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+                    0
+                  ]
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               },
-              "producer": 8,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "producer": 5,
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             },
             {
-              "consumer": 10,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
+              "consumer": 7,
               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -40739,13 +37942,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CmsWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 7,
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 272
+                              "width": 30000
                             }
                           }
                         },
@@ -40764,13 +37967,13 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 9,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "producer": 6,
+              "role": "Input"
             }
           ],
           "nodes": [
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 0,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -40810,65 +38013,73 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
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-                    "predicates": [],
-                    "schema": {
-                      "closed": true,
-                      "fields": [
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "scan",
+                  "predicates": [],
+                  "schema": {
+                    "closed": true,
+                    "fields": [
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "float64"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "value",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
-                        }
-                      ],
-                      "time_index": 0,
-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
-                    "source": {
-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                        "name": "job",
+                        "nullable": true,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        },
+                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
                       }
+                    ],
+                    "time_index": 0,
+                    "unique_keys": [
+                      [
+                        3,
+                        0
+                      ]
+                    ]
+                  },
+                  "source": {
+                    "TimeSeries": {
+                      "metric": "http_requests_total"
                     }
                   }
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 1,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -40908,26 +38119,40 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
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+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
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-                    "child": 0,
-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "time_range",
+                  "range": {
+                    "nanos": 0,
+                    "secs": 60
+                  },
+                  "range_kind": "range"
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "range_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": {
+                "regions": [
+                  {
+                    "population": {},
+                    "time_ms": null
+                  }
+                ],
+                "source": {
+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
+                }
+              },
               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 2,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -40970,39 +38195,38 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "SummaryAgg": {
-                    "child": 1,
-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
-                    },
-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
-                      "item": null,
-                      "weight": {
-                        "Column": "SampleValue"
-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Rate",
+                    "Rate"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": null,
+                  "weight": {
+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
+                  },
+                  "weight_domain": {
+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                   }
-                }
-              }
+                },
+                "kind": "summary_agg",
+                "reduction": "PerEntity"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "state"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 3,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -41042,90 +38266,22 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 2
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 4,
-              "output_schema": {
-                "closed": true,
-                "fields": [
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
-                    },
-                    "name": "state",
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-                    "table": null
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-                "time_index": null,
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-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "SummaryAgg": {
-                    "child": 3,
-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
-                    },
-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
-                      "item": null,
-                      "weight": {
-                        "Column": "SampleValue"
-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            },
-            {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 5,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -41153,119 +38309,34 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 4
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            },
-            {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 6,
-              "output_schema": {
-                "closed": true,
-                "fields": [
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "timestamp"
-                    },
-                    "name": "ts",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
-                    },
-                    "name": "value",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  }
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-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
               "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
-                  "Scan": {
-                    "predicates": [],
-                    "schema": {
-                      "closed": true,
-                      "fields": [
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
-                        },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
-                        },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
-                          "table": null
-                        },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
-                        }
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-                      "time_index": 0,
-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
-                    "source": {
-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
-                      }
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "filters": [],
+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
+                    {
+                      "col": null,
+                      "kind": "sum"
                     }
+                  ],
+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
+                  ],
+                  "reduction": {
+                    "Reduce": [
+                      2
+                    ]
                   }
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 7,
+              "id": 5,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -41303,94 +38374,49 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
-                  "TimeRange": {
-                    "child": 6,
-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "filters": [],
+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
+                    {
+                      "col": null,
+                      "kind": "sum"
                     }
-                  }
+                  ],
+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
+                  ],
+                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 8,
-              "output_schema": {
-                "closed": true,
-                "fields": [
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "timestamp"
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-                    "name": "ts",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
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-                    "name": "value",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
+              "coverage": {
+                "regions": [
                   {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
+                    "population": {},
+                    "time_ms": null
                   }
                 ],
-                "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
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-                    "child": 7,
-                    "filters": [],
-                    "having": null,
-                    "measures": [
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-                        "col": null,
-                        "kind": "sum"
-                      }
-                    ],
-                    "output_names": [
-                      ""
-                    ],
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "source": {
+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
                   }
                 }
-              }
-            },
-            {
+              },
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 9,
+              "id": 6,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -41406,13 +38432,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CmsWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 7,
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 272
+                              "width": 30000
                             }
                           }
                         },
@@ -41431,57 +38457,51 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "SummaryAgg": {
-                    "child": 8,
-                    "family": {
-                      "Sketch": [
-                        {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
-                            "CmsWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 7,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 272
-                            }
-                          }
-                        },
-                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
-                      ]
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-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
-                      "item": {
-                        "Column": {
-                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                "family": {
+                  "Sketch": [
+                    {
+                      "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                      "category": "TopK",
+                      "params": {
+                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                          "depth": 125,
+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 30000
                         }
-                      },
-                      "weight": {
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-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                       }
                     },
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
+                    "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": {
+                    "Column": {
+                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                     }
+                  },
+                  "weight": {
+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
+                  },
+                  "weight_domain": {
+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                   }
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+                  ]
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 7,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -41518,42 +38538,34 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "SummaryEstimate": {
-                    "query": {
-                      "TopK": {
-                        "k": 10
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "summary_input": 9
+                "kind": "summary_estimate",
+                "query": {
+                  "TopK": {
+                    "k": 10
                   }
                 }
-              }
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             }
           ],
           "roots": [
-            5,
-            10
+            {
+              "Operator": 4
+            },
+            {
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+            }
           ]
         },
-        "from_logical": "L21",
-        "id": "P21",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap"
+        "id": "L35",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap · shared input"
       },
       {
         "dag": {
           "edges": [
             {
               "consumer": 1,
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               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -41592,18 +38604,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
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-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "producer": 0,
-              "role": "Input",
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               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -41642,18 +38654,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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+              "role": "Input"
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                 "closed": true,
@@ -41695,18 +38707,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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-              "data_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -41745,109 +38757,18 @@
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                 "unique_keys": [
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                     0
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-              },
-              "producer": 6,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "producer": 3,
+              "role": "Input"
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 8,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
+              "consumer": 5,
               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -41886,18 +38807,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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               },
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-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "producer": 1,
+              "role": "Input"
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 9,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
+              "consumer": 6,
               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -41939,18 +38860,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
-              "producer": 8,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "producer": 5,
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             },
             {
-              "consumer": 10,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
+              "consumer": 7,
               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -41989,18 +38910,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
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+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
-              "producer": 9,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "producer": 6,
+              "role": "Input"
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 11,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
+              "consumer": 8,
               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -42017,13 +38938,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CmsWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 7,
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 272
+                              "width": 30000
                             }
                           }
                         },
@@ -42042,13 +38963,13 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 10,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "producer": 7,
+              "role": "Input"
             }
           ],
           "nodes": [
             {
+              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 0,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -42088,65 +39009,73 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
-                  "Scan": {
-                    "predicates": [],
-                    "schema": {
-                      "closed": true,
-                      "fields": [
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "scan",
+                  "predicates": [],
+                  "schema": {
+                    "closed": true,
+                    "fields": [
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "ts",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "float64"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
-                          "table": null
+                        "name": "value",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
                         },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
-                        }
-                      ],
-                      "time_index": 0,
-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
-                    "source": {
-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                        "name": "job",
+                        "nullable": true,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        },
+                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
                       }
+                    ],
+                    "time_index": 0,
+                    "unique_keys": [
+                      [
+                        3,
+                        0
+                      ]
+                    ]
+                  },
+                  "source": {
+                    "TimeSeries": {
+                      "metric": "http_requests_total"
                     }
                   }
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 1,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -42186,26 +39115,40 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
-                  "TimeRange": {
-                    "child": 0,
-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "time_range",
+                  "range": {
+                    "nanos": 0,
+                    "secs": 60
+                  },
+                  "range_kind": "range"
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "range_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": {
+                "regions": [
+                  {
+                    "population": {},
+                    "time_ms": null
+                  }
+                ],
+                "source": {
+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
+                }
+              },
               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 2,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -42248,39 +39191,38 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "SummaryAgg": {
-                    "child": 1,
-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
-                    },
-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
-                      "item": null,
-                      "weight": {
-                        "Column": "SampleValue"
-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Rate",
+                    "Rate"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": null,
+                  "weight": {
+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
+                  },
+                  "weight_domain": {
+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                   }
-                }
-              }
+                },
+                "kind": "summary_agg",
+                "reduction": "PerEntity"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "state"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 3,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -42320,90 +39262,22 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 2
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            },
-            {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 4,
-              "output_schema": {
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-                "fields": [
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-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "job",
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-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
-                    },
-                    "name": "state",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  }
-                ],
-                "time_index": null,
                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
+                    3,
                     0
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "SummaryAgg": {
-                    "child": 3,
-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
-                    },
-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
-                      "item": null,
-                      "weight": {
-                        "Column": "SampleValue"
-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 5,
+              "id": 4,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -42431,178 +39305,46 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
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-                  }
-                }
-              }
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-              "output_schema": {
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-                      "Plain": "timestamp"
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-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
-                    },
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-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
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-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  }
-                ],
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-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
               "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
-                  "Scan": {
-                    "predicates": [],
-                    "schema": {
-                      "closed": true,
-                      "fields": [
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
-                        },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
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-                          "table": null
-                        },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
-                          "nullable": true,
-                          "table": null
-                        },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
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-                      "time_index": 0,
-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
-                    "source": {
-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
-                      }
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "filters": [],
+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
+                    {
+                      "col": null,
+                      "kind": "sum"
                     }
+                  ],
+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
+                  ],
+                  "reduction": {
+                    "Reduce": [
+                      2
+                    ]
                   }
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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-              "id": 7,
-              "output_schema": {
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-                "fields": [
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-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
-                    },
-                    "name": "value",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
+              "coverage": {
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                   {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
-                    "table": null
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-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
+                    "population": {},
+                    "time_ms": null
                   }
                 ],
-                "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
-                  "TimeRange": {
-                    "child": 6,
-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
+                "source": {
+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
                   }
                 }
-              }
-            },
-            {
+              },
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 8,
+              "id": 5,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -42643,41 +39385,40 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "SummaryAgg": {
-                    "child": 7,
-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
-                    },
-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
-                      "item": null,
-                      "weight": {
-                        "Column": "SampleValue"
-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Sum",
+                    "Sum"
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                  "weight": {
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                   }
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-              }
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             },
             {
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -42715,23 +39456,34 @@
                   }
                 ],
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-              },
-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 8
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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+                  }
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+              "id": 7,
               "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
@@ -42747,13 +39499,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CmsWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 7,
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 272
+                              "width": 30000
                             }
                           }
                         },
@@ -42772,57 +39524,51 @@
                   ]
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-                    "family": {
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-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
-                            "CmsWithHeap": {
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
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-                            }
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-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
-                      "item": {
-                        "Column": {
-                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                "family": {
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+                    {
+                      "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                      "category": "TopK",
+                      "params": {
+                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                          "depth": 125,
+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 30000
                         }
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-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                       }
                     },
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
+                    "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": {
+                    "Column": {
+                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                     }
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+                  "weight": {
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-              }
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 8,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -42859,42 +39605,34 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "SummaryEstimate": {
-                    "query": {
-                      "TopK": {
-                        "k": 10
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "summary_input": 10
+                "kind": "summary_estimate",
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                   }
                 }
-              }
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             }
           ],
           "roots": [
-            5,
-            11
+            {
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+            {
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         },
-        "from_logical": "L22",
-        "id": "P22",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc)"
+        "id": "L36",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc) · shared input"
       },
       {
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               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -42933,18 +39671,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
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-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -42983,18 +39721,18 @@
                   }
                 ],
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@@ -43009,12 +39747,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
+                    "name": "value",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -43036,18 +39771,54 @@
                   }
                 ],
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+              "role": "Input"
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             {
               "consumer": 4,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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+                "fields": [
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+                      "Plain": "utf8"
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
@@ -43086,22 +39857,38 @@
                   }
                 ],
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-              "role": "Input",
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
+              "consumer": 6,
               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
               "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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@@ -43112,35 +39899,31 @@
                   },
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                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
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                     0
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-              "window": "NotApplicable"
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-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
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-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "guarantee": null,
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+              "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -43177,20 +39960,76 @@
                   }
                 ],
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+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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+                      "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                    }
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
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             {
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-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "guarantee": null,
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+              "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -43227,20 +40066,31 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                    0
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+                ]
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-              "producer": 7,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "payload": {
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "time_range",
+                  "range": {
+                    "nanos": 0,
+                    "secs": 60
+                  },
+                  "range_kind": "range"
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+              "result_kind": "range_vector"
             },
             {
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-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "guarantee": null,
+              "id": 2,
+              "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -43277,20 +40127,49 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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-              "role": "Input",
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-            },
-            {
-              "consumer": 10,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "payload": {
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+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
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+                      "kind": "rate"
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
+                  ],
+                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                }
               },
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
+            },
+            {
+              "coverage": {
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+                  {
+                    "population": {},
+                    "time_ms": null
+                  }
+                ],
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+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
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+              "guarantee": null,
+              "id": 3,
+              "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -43303,19 +40182,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 125,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
-                            }
-                          }
-                        },
-                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
                       ]
                     },
                     "name": "state",
@@ -43330,15 +40199,73 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 9,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
-            }
-          ],
-          "nodes": [
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+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Sum",
+                    "Sum"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": null,
+                  "weight": {
+                    "Column": "SampleValue"
+                  },
+                  "weight_domain": {
+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
+                  }
+                },
+                "kind": "summary_agg",
+                "reduction": {
+                  "Reduce": [
+                    2
+                  ]
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "state"
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             {
+              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 0,
+              "id": 4,
+              "output_schema": {
+                "closed": true,
+                "fields": [
+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                    },
+                    "name": "job",
+                    "nullable": true,
+                    "table": null
+                  },
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+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "float64"
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+                    "table": null
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+                "unique_keys": [
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+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
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+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
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+            {
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+              "guarantee": null,
+              "id": 5,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -43376,68 +40303,121 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                    0
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               },
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "payload": {
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+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
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+                      "col": null,
+                      "kind": "sum"
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+                  ],
+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
+                  ],
+                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
+            },
+            {
+              "coverage": null,
+              "guarantee": null,
+              "id": 6,
+              "output_schema": {
+                "closed": true,
+                "fields": [
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+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
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+                    "name": "job",
+                    "nullable": true,
+                    "table": null
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
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+                    "nullable": false,
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+                      "Plain": "float64"
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+                    "nullable": false,
+                    "table": null
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+                "unique_keys": [
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+                    1
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               "payload": {
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-                      "closed": true,
-                      "fields": [
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-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
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-                          "name": "ts",
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-                          "name": "value",
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-                            "Plain": "utf8"
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-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                "kind": "relational",
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+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
+                    {
+                      "accuracy": {
+                        "EpsilonDelta": {
+                          "delta": 0.001,
+                          "epsilon": 0.01
                         }
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-                      "unique_keys": []
-                    },
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-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
-                      }
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+                      "kind": "top_k"
                     }
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+                      2
+                    ]
                   }
                 }
-              }
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             },
             {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 1,
-              "output_schema": {
+              "Operator": 6
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        "id": "L37",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 exact · shared input"
+      },
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+              "consumer": 1,
+              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
+              "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -43474,29 +40454,20 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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-              "payload": {
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-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
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             },
             {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 2,
-              "output_schema": {
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+              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
+              "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -43509,12 +40480,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
+                    "name": "value",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -43536,42 +40504,20 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
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-                      }
-                    },
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             {
-              "guarantee": null,
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-              "output_schema": {
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+              "intermediate_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -43608,24 +40554,20 @@
                   }
                 ],
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-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
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             {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 4,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -43655,46 +40597,31 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-                    },
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+              "producer": 3,
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             },
             {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 5,
-              "output_schema": {
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+              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
+              "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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+                    "name": "ts",
+                    "nullable": false,
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+                  },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -43705,36 +40632,28 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
-                    "name": "sum",
+                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
                 ],
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+                "time_index": 0,
                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
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                     0
                   ]
                 ]
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-              },
-              "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 4
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+              "producer": 1,
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             },
             {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 6,
-              "output_schema": {
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+              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
+              "intermediate_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -43747,9 +40666,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "value",
+                    "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -43771,68 +40693,20 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                  ]
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-                      "fields": [
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
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-                          "table": null
-                        },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "float64"
-                          },
-                          "name": "value",
-                          "nullable": false,
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-                        },
-                        {
-                          "dtype": {
-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "job",
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-                        },
-                        {
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-                            "Plain": "utf8"
-                          },
-                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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-                    },
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-                      "TimeSeries": {
-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
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-              }
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             {
-              "guarantee": null,
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-              "output_schema": {
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+              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -43869,28 +40743,22 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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-                    "kind": "range",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            },
+              "producer": 6,
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 8,
+              "id": 0,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -43928,38 +40796,94 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
-                  "Aggregate": {
-                    "child": 7,
-                    "filters": [],
-                    "having": null,
-                    "measures": [
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "kind": "scan",
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+                    "fields": [
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "timestamp"
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+                        "nullable": false,
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+                      },
                       {
-                        "col": null,
-                        "kind": "sum"
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "float64"
+                        },
+                        "name": "value",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        },
+                        "name": "job",
+                        "nullable": true,
+                        "table": null
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "dtype": {
+                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        },
+                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                        "nullable": false,
+                        "table": null
                       }
                     ],
-                    "output_names": [
-                      ""
-                    ],
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                    "time_index": 0,
+                    "unique_keys": [
+                      [
+                        3,
+                        0
+                      ]
+                    ]
+                  },
+                  "source": {
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+                      "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                    }
                   }
                 }
-              }
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 9,
+              "id": 1,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -43970,176 +40894,181 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Sketch": [
-                        {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 125,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
-                            }
-                          }
-                        },
-                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
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                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
                 ],
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                 "unique_keys": [
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                     0
                   ]
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               "payload": {
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-                    "family": {
-                      "Sketch": [
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-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 125,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
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-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
-                    }
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
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+                  "kind": "time_range",
+                  "range": {
+                    "nanos": 0,
+                    "secs": 60
+                  },
+                  "range_kind": "range"
                 }
-              }
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+              "result_kind": "range_vector"
             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 2,
               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "Plain": "timestamp"
                     },
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                     "table": null
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
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                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                "kind": "relational",
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+                  "kind": "aggregate",
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+                      "kind": "rate"
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                 }
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-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap"
-      },
-      {
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "coverage": {
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+                  }
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               },
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "id": 3,
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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                     "table": null
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
                     },
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                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
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+                "unique_keys": [
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+                  ]
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                  "weight": {
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                   },
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+              "guarantee": null,
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+                "fields": [
                   {
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@@ -44150,28 +41079,42 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                    "name": "sum",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
                 ],
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+                "unique_keys": [
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+                ]
               },
-              "producer": 0,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "payload": {
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 2,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "coverage": {
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+                    "time_ms": null
+                  }
+                ],
+                "source": {
+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
+                }
               },
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
+              "guarantee": null,
+              "id": 5,
+              "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -44184,9 +41127,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "value",
+                    "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -44208,20 +41154,41 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
+                  [
+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
-              "producer": 1,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "payload": {
+                "family": {
+                  "ExactAggregate": [
+                    "Sum",
+                    "Sum"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "filter": null,
+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
+                  "item": null,
+                  "weight": {
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+                  },
+                  "weight_domain": {
+                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
+                  }
+                },
+                "kind": "summary_agg",
+                "reduction": "PerEntity"
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             {
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-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "guarantee": null,
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+              "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -44234,12 +41201,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
+                    "name": "value",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -44261,72 +41225,124 @@
                   }
                 ],
                 "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": []
+                "unique_keys": [
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+                    3,
+                    0
+                  ]
+                ]
               },
-              "producer": 2,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "payload": {
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+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
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-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "guarantee": null,
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+              "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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-                    "name": "ts",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
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+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
-                    "name": "value",
-                    "nullable": false,
+                    "name": "job",
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                     "table": null
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
+                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                    "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                    "name": "value",
                     "nullable": false,
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+                    1
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-              "producer": 3,
-              "role": "Input",
-              "window": "NotApplicable"
+              "payload": {
+                "kind": "relational",
+                "operator": {
+                  "filters": [],
+                  "having": null,
+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
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+                        "EpsilonDelta": {
+                          "delta": 0.001,
+                          "epsilon": 0.01
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+                      "kind": "top_k"
+                    }
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+                      2
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
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             },
             {
-              "consumer": 5,
-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
+              "Operator": 7
+            }
+          ]
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+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) · shared input"
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                 "fields": [
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@@ -44337,33 +41353,26 @@
                   },
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                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
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@@ -44402,18 +41411,18 @@
                   }
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@@ -44452,28 +41461,28 @@
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                 "fields": [
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                     "dtype": {
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@@ -44486,6 +41495,39 @@
                     "name": "state",
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@@ -44505,18 +41547,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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@@ -44555,18 +41597,18 @@
                   }
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             {
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-              "data_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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@@ -44583,13 +41625,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 125,
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
+                              "width": 272
                             }
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                         },
@@ -44608,13 +41650,13 @@
                   ]
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-              "producer": 10,
-              "role": "Input",
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               "guarantee": null,
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@@ -44654,65 +41696,73 @@
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-                            "Plain": "timestamp"
-                          },
-                          "name": "ts",
-                          "nullable": false,
-                          "table": null
+                "kind": "relational",
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                         },
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-                          "name": "value",
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+                        "name": "value",
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-                        {
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-                            "Plain": "utf8"
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-                      "unique_keys": []
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-                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
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+                      },
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+                          "Plain": "utf8"
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                     }
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -44752,26 +41802,28 @@
                   }
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-                "timing": "query_time"
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 60
-                    }
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+                    "secs": 60
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -44787,12 +41839,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
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                     "table": null
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@@ -44814,60 +41863,51 @@
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-                "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                    "family": {
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-                        "Rate"
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-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
-                  }
+                "kind": "relational",
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+                  "kind": "aggregate",
+                  "measures": [
+                    {
+                      "kind": "rate"
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+                  "output_names": [
+                    ""
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+                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
                 }
-              }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
             },
             {
+              "coverage": {
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+                    "time_ms": null
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+                "source": {
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+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
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@@ -44878,29 +41918,52 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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                     "table": null
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+                "time_index": null,
+                "unique_keys": [
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               "payload": {
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+                "family": {
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+                    "Sum"
+                  ]
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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@@ -44916,12 +41979,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
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@@ -44933,43 +41993,180 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
+              "payload": {
+                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
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+              "guarantee": null,
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-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
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+                          "heap_size": 100,
+                          "width": 272
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                     },
-                    "reduction": {
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-                      ]
+                    "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                "input": {
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+                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                     }
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                   }
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -44981,11 +42178,19 @@
                     "nullable": true,
                     "table": null
                   },
+                  {
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "sum",
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                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
@@ -44993,26 +42198,41 @@
                 "time_index": null,
                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
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-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
               "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
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+                "kind": "summary_estimate",
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                   }
                 }
-              }
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             {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 6,
-              "output_schema": {
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+        "id": "L39",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CMS+heap · shared input"
+      },
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -45049,68 +42269,20 @@
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@@ -45147,29 +42319,20 @@
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@@ -45180,6 +42343,56 @@
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@@ -45190,6 +42403,39 @@
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@@ -45209,42 +42455,73 @@
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@@ -45281,24 +42558,20 @@
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@@ -45313,13 +42586,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
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@@ -45338,125 +42611,64840 @@
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@@ -45483,23 +107471,27 @@
             "detail": "time range 60s: pass 4000000 rows"
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@@ -45509,6 +107501,14 @@
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@@ -45518,35 +107518,86 @@
             "detail": "finalize 1000000 accumulators"
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@@ -45557,6 +107608,10 @@
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@@ -45569,35 +107624,144 @@
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@@ -45612,39 +107776,70 @@
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@@ -45654,48 +107849,161 @@
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@@ -45718,31 +108026,27 @@
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@@ -45752,10 +108056,6 @@
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@@ -45769,31 +108069,23 @@
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-          "7": {
-            "cost": 4.0,
-            "detail": "build exact Sum accumulator into 1000000 states: 4000000 rows x depth 1"
-          },
-          "8": {
-            "cost": 1.0,
-            "detail": "finalize 1000000 accumulators"
-          },
-          "9": {
             "cost": 126.0,
             "detail": "build CountSketchWithHeap into 100 states: 1000000 rows x depth 126"
+          },
+          "7": {
+            "cost": 0.001,
+            "detail": "estimate 1000 rows from 100 states"
           }
         },
         "source": "analytical-cost-v1 (illustrative statistics)",
-        "total": 194.4011,
+        "total": 170.20110000000003,
         "unit": "cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation"
       },
-      "P19": {
+      "P42": {
         "per_node": {
           "0": {
             "cost": 23.2,
@@ -45803,48 +108095,40 @@
             "cost": 4.0,
             "detail": "time range 60s: pass 4000000 rows"
           },
-          "10": {
-            "cost": 0.001,
-            "detail": "limit to 1000 rows"
-          },
           "2": {
-            "cost": 4.0,
-            "detail": "build exact Rate accumulator into 1000000 states: 4000000 rows x depth 1"
+            "cost": 8.0,
+            "detail": "hash aggregate 4000000 rows into 1000000 groups"
           },
           "3": {
-            "cost": 1.0,
-            "detail": "finalize 1000000 accumulators"
-          },
-          "4": {
             "cost": 1.0,
             "detail": "build exact Sum accumulator into 100 states: 1000000 rows x depth 1"
           },
-          "5": {
+          "4": {
             "cost": 0.00009999999999999999,
             "detail": "finalize 100 accumulators"
           },
+          "5": {
+            "cost": 4.0,
+            "detail": "build exact Sum accumulator into 1000000 states: 4000000 rows x depth 1"
+          },
           "6": {
-            "cost": 23.2,
-            "detail": "scan 4000000 samples"
+            "cost": 1.0,
+            "detail": "finalize 1000000 accumulators"
           },
           "7": {
-            "cost": 4.0,
-            "detail": "time range 60s: pass 4000000 rows"
+            "cost": 126.0,
+            "detail": "build CountSketchWithHeap into 100 states: 1000000 rows x depth 126"
           },
           "8": {
-            "cost": 8.0,
-            "detail": "hash aggregate 4000000 rows into 1000000 groups"
-          },
-          "9": {
-            "cost": 14.0,
-            "detail": "sort 1000000 rows in 100 partitions"
+            "cost": 0.001,
+            "detail": "estimate 1000 rows from 100 states"
           }
         },
         "source": "analytical-cost-v1 (illustrative statistics)",
-        "total": 82.40110000000001,
+        "total": 167.20110000000003,
         "unit": "cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation"
       },
-      "P2": {
+      "P43": {
         "per_node": {
           "0": {
             "cost": 23.2,
@@ -45855,43 +108139,39 @@
             "detail": "time range 60s: pass 4000000 rows"
           },
           "2": {
-            "cost": 8.0,
-            "detail": "hash aggregate 4000000 rows into 1000000 groups"
+            "cost": 4.0,
+            "detail": "build exact Rate accumulator into 1000000 states: 4000000 rows x depth 1"
           },
           "3": {
-            "cost": 2.0,
-            "detail": "hash aggregate 1000000 rows into 100 groups"
+            "cost": 1.0,
+            "detail": "finalize 1000000 accumulators"
           },
           "4": {
-            "cost": 23.2,
-            "detail": "scan 4000000 samples"
+            "cost": 1.0,
+            "detail": "build exact Sum accumulator into 100 states: 1000000 rows x depth 1"
           },
           "5": {
-            "cost": 4.0,
-            "detail": "time range 60s: pass 4000000 rows"
+            "cost": 0.00009999999999999999,
+            "detail": "finalize 100 accumulators"
           },
           "6": {
-            "cost": 4.0,
-            "detail": "build exact Sum accumulator into 1000000 states: 4000000 rows x depth 1"
+            "cost": 8.0,
+            "detail": "hash aggregate 4000000 rows into 1000000 groups"
           },
           "7": {
-            "cost": 1.0,
-            "detail": "finalize 1000000 accumulators"
-          },
-          "8": {
             "cost": 14.0,
             "detail": "sort 1000000 rows in 100 partitions"
           },
-          "9": {
+          "8": {
             "cost": 0.001,
             "detail": "limit to 1000 rows"
           }
         },
         "source": "analytical-cost-v1 (illustrative statistics)",
-        "total": 83.40100000000001,
+        "total": 55.201100000000004,
         "unit": "cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation"
       },
-      "P20": {
+      "P44": {
         "per_node": {
           "0": {
             "cost": 23.2,
@@ -45901,14 +108181,6 @@
             "cost": 4.0,
             "detail": "time range 60s: pass 4000000 rows"
           },
-          "10": {
-            "cost": 14.0,
-            "detail": "sort 1000000 rows in 100 partitions"
-          },
-          "11": {
-            "cost": 0.001,
-            "detail": "limit to 1000 rows"
-          },
           "2": {
             "cost": 4.0,
             "detail": "build exact Rate accumulator into 1000000 states: 4000000 rows x depth 1"
@@ -45926,27 +108198,27 @@
             "detail": "finalize 100 accumulators"
           },
           "6": {
-            "cost": 23.2,
-            "detail": "scan 4000000 samples"
+            "cost": 4.0,
+            "detail": "build exact Sum accumulator into 1000000 states: 4000000 rows x depth 1"
           },
           "7": {
-            "cost": 4.0,
-            "detail": "time range 60s: pass 4000000 rows"
+            "cost": 1.0,
+            "detail": "finalize 1000000 accumulators"
           },
           "8": {
-            "cost": 4.0,
-            "detail": "build exact Sum accumulator into 1000000 states: 4000000 rows x depth 1"
+            "cost": 14.0,
+            "detail": "sort 1000000 rows in 100 partitions"
           },
           "9": {
-            "cost": 1.0,
-            "detail": "finalize 1000000 accumulators"
+            "cost": 0.001,
+            "detail": "limit to 1000 rows"
           }
         },
         "source": "analytical-cost-v1 (illustrative statistics)",
-        "total": 79.40110000000001,
+        "total": 52.201100000000004,
         "unit": "cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation"
       },
-      "P23": {
+      "P47": {
         "per_node": {
           "0": {
             "cost": 23.2,
@@ -45956,10 +108228,6 @@
             "cost": 4.0,
             "detail": "time range 60s: pass 4000000 rows"
           },
-          "10": {
-            "cost": 0.001,
-            "detail": "estimate 1000 rows from 100 states"
-          },
           "2": {
             "cost": 4.0,
             "detail": "build exact Rate accumulator into 1000000 states: 4000000 rows x depth 1"
@@ -45977,27 +108245,23 @@
             "detail": "finalize 100 accumulators"
           },
           "6": {
-            "cost": 23.2,
-            "detail": "scan 4000000 samples"
-          },
-          "7": {
-            "cost": 4.0,
-            "detail": "time range 60s: pass 4000000 rows"
-          },
-          "8": {
             "cost": 8.0,
             "detail": "hash aggregate 4000000 rows into 1000000 groups"
           },
-          "9": {
+          "7": {
             "cost": 126.0,
             "detail": "build CountSketchWithHeap into 100 states: 1000000 rows x depth 126"
+          },
+          "8": {
+            "cost": 0.001,
+            "detail": "estimate 1000 rows from 100 states"
           }
         },
         "source": "analytical-cost-v1 (illustrative statistics)",
-        "total": 194.4011,
+        "total": 167.20110000000003,
         "unit": "cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation"
       },
-      "P24": {
+      "P48": {
         "per_node": {
           "0": {
             "cost": 23.2,
@@ -46007,14 +108271,6 @@
             "cost": 4.0,
             "detail": "time range 60s: pass 4000000 rows"
           },
-          "10": {
-            "cost": 126.0,
-            "detail": "build CountSketchWithHeap into 100 states: 1000000 rows x depth 126"
-          },
-          "11": {
-            "cost": 0.001,
-            "detail": "estimate 1000 rows from 100 states"
-          },
           "2": {
             "cost": 4.0,
             "detail": "build exact Rate accumulator into 1000000 states: 4000000 rows x depth 1"
@@ -46032,24 +108288,24 @@
             "detail": "finalize 100 accumulators"
           },
           "6": {
-            "cost": 23.2,
-            "detail": "scan 4000000 samples"
+            "cost": 4.0,
+            "detail": "build exact Sum accumulator into 1000000 states: 4000000 rows x depth 1"
           },
           "7": {
-            "cost": 4.0,
-            "detail": "time range 60s: pass 4000000 rows"
+            "cost": 1.0,
+            "detail": "finalize 1000000 accumulators"
           },
           "8": {
-            "cost": 4.0,
-            "detail": "build exact Sum accumulator into 1000000 states: 4000000 rows x depth 1"
+            "cost": 126.0,
+            "detail": "build CountSketchWithHeap into 100 states: 1000000 rows x depth 126"
           },
           "9": {
-            "cost": 1.0,
-            "detail": "finalize 1000000 accumulators"
+            "cost": 0.001,
+            "detail": "estimate 1000 rows from 100 states"
           }
         },
         "source": "analytical-cost-v1 (illustrative statistics)",
-        "total": 191.4011,
+        "total": 164.20110000000003,
         "unit": "cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation"
       },
       "P5": {
@@ -46282,83 +108538,203 @@
         "reason": "q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative",
         "valid": false
       },
+      {
+        "id": "P27",
+        "reason": "q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative",
+        "valid": false
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P28",
+        "reason": "q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative",
+        "valid": false
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P33",
+        "reason": "q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative",
+        "valid": false
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P34",
+        "reason": "q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative",
+        "valid": false
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P39",
+        "reason": "q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative",
+        "valid": false
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P40",
+        "reason": "q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative",
+        "valid": false
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P45",
+        "reason": "q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative",
+        "valid": false
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P46",
+        "reason": "q2: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative",
+        "valid": false
+      },
       {
         "id": "P1",
-        "reason": "costlier: 86.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 86.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P2",
-        "reason": "costlier: 83.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 83.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P5",
-        "reason": "costlier: 198.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 198.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P6",
-        "reason": "costlier: 195.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 195.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P7",
-        "reason": "costlier: 83.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 83.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P8",
-        "reason": "costlier: 80.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 80.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P11",
-        "reason": "costlier: 195.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 195.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P12",
-        "reason": "costlier: 192.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 192.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P13",
-        "reason": "costlier: 85.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 85.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P14",
-        "reason": "costlier: 82.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 82.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P17",
-        "reason": "costlier: 197.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 197.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P18",
-        "reason": "costlier: 194.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 194.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P19",
-        "reason": "costlier: 82.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 82.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P20",
+        "reason": "costlier: 79.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P23",
-        "reason": "costlier: 194.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 194.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       },
       {
         "id": "P24",
-        "reason": "costlier: 191.401 vs 79.401 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "reason": "costlier: 191.401 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P25",
+        "reason": "costlier: 59.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P26",
+        "reason": "costlier: 56.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P29",
+        "reason": "costlier: 171.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P30",
+        "reason": "costlier: 168.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P31",
+        "reason": "costlier: 56.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P32",
+        "reason": "costlier: 53.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P35",
+        "reason": "costlier: 168.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P36",
+        "reason": "costlier: 165.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P37",
+        "reason": "costlier: 58.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P38",
+        "reason": "costlier: 55.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P41",
+        "reason": "costlier: 170.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P42",
+        "reason": "costlier: 167.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P43",
+        "reason": "costlier: 55.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P47",
+        "reason": "costlier: 167.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
+        "valid": true
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "P48",
+        "reason": "costlier: 164.201 vs 52.201 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
         "valid": true
       }
     ],
-    "selected": "P20"
+    "selected": "P44"
   },
   "workload": {
     "queries": [

From 18f8dae8f4adf4011bf4cd78d482ecf907884196 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: zzylol <50204836+zzylol@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 8 Oct 2026 14:25:05 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] refactor(planner): port the Pass 2 identical rule's stage
 pipeline to flat DAGs

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01W7qG9aFyPij5uWsyAJCxDW
---
 crates/devtools/src/bin/stage_pipeline.rs     |    12 +-
 .../tests/planner_layering_example1.rs        |     9 +-
 crates/plan-selection/src/lib.rs              |    50 +-
 .../examples/planner-layering-example1.json   | 70866 ++++++----------
 4 files changed, 25551 insertions(+), 45386 deletions(-)

diff --git a/crates/devtools/src/bin/stage_pipeline.rs b/crates/devtools/src/bin/stage_pipeline.rs
index 7ec5df23c..fe4833e27 100644
--- a/crates/devtools/src/bin/stage_pipeline.rs
+++ b/crates/devtools/src/bin/stage_pipeline.rs
@@ -29,17 +29,23 @@
 
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
-use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::{choice_index, combination_count, LocalLogicalCandidates};
+use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::{
+    choice_index, combination_count, LocalLogicalCandidates,
+};
 use asap_logical_optimizer::Realization;
 use asap_plan_selection::PlanningModels;
 use asap_plan_selection::{plan_stages, Selection, MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES};
-use asap_plan_selection::{select_exhaustive};
 use asap_types::ir::flat::{flatten, FlatDag};
 use asap_types::ir::schema::SketchAlgorithm;
 use asap_types::ir::schema_support::with_promql_series_identity;
 use asap_types::ir::{OperatorNode, QueryRoot};
 use asap_types::types::AccuracyTarget;
-use asap_types::workload::{AccuracyRequirement, BatchEntry, DataArrival, DataDistribution, DataWorkload, DurationMs, Evidence, EvidenceSource, LatencyRequirement, PlanningWorkload, Predictability, Query, QueryLanguage, QueryRecurrence, QueryRequirements, QueryTimeScope, QueryWorkload, Rate, RepeatedDemand, RepeatingEntry, RepetitionInterval, TimeSelection};
+use asap_types::workload::{
+    AccuracyRequirement, BatchEntry, DataArrival, DataDistribution, DataWorkload, DurationMs,
+    Evidence, EvidenceSource, LatencyRequirement, PlanningWorkload, Predictability, Query,
+    QueryLanguage, QueryRecurrence, QueryRequirements, QueryTimeScope, QueryWorkload, Rate,
+    RepeatedDemand, RepeatingEntry, RepetitionInterval, TimeSelection,
+};
 use serde_json::{json, Value};
 
 const USAGE: &str = "usage: stage_pipeline (--example planner-layering-1 | --promql <query>... \
diff --git a/crates/integration-tests/tests/planner_layering_example1.rs b/crates/integration-tests/tests/planner_layering_example1.rs
index b0fddc187..7b3ed6cde 100644
--- a/crates/integration-tests/tests/planner_layering_example1.rs
+++ b/crates/integration-tests/tests/planner_layering_example1.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,12 @@ use asap_types::ir::schema::state_type::{GroupingStrategy, HydraKind, SketchAlgo
 use asap_types::ir::schema::FieldDataType;
 use asap_types::ir::{ASAPOp, Operator};
 use asap_types::types::AccuracyTarget;
-use asap_types::workload::{AccuracyRequirement, DataArrival, DataDistribution, DataWorkload, DurationMs, Evidence, EvidenceSource, LatencyRequirement, PlanningWorkload, Predictability, Query, QueryLanguage, QueryRequirements, QueryTimeScope, QueryWorkload, Rate, RepeatedDemand, RepeatingEntry, RepetitionInterval, TimeSelection};
+use asap_types::workload::{
+    AccuracyRequirement, DataArrival, DataDistribution, DataWorkload, DurationMs, Evidence,
+    EvidenceSource, LatencyRequirement, PlanningWorkload, Predictability, Query, QueryLanguage,
+    QueryRequirements, QueryTimeScope, QueryWorkload, Rate, RepeatedDemand, RepeatingEntry,
+    RepetitionInterval, TimeSelection,
+};
 
 type Payload = Operator<NodeId>;
 
@@ -32,8 +37,8 @@ mod stages {
     use std::rc::Rc;
 
     use super::*;
+
     use asap_plan_selection::{plan_stages, MAX_ENUMERATED_CANDIDATES};
-    use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::{compose_logical_candidate, enumerate_local_logical_candidates};
     use asap_types::ir::{OperatorNode, QueryRoot};
 
     /// One whole-workload candidate. `query_roots` holds one root per
diff --git a/crates/plan-selection/src/lib.rs b/crates/plan-selection/src/lib.rs
index f0f83abd3..3de6bb627 100644
--- a/crates/plan-selection/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/plan-selection/src/lib.rs
@@ -32,31 +32,57 @@ pub mod cost;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test_support;
 
-pub use candidate_selection::{CompositionDecision, CostedGlobalSelection, RankedTargetSubDAGCandidates, RecurrenceProfileMap};
-pub use cost::cost_model::{maintenance_operation_plan_cost_rate, raw_recompute_cost_rate, read_operation_plan_cost_rate, CostModel, CostProvenance, CostUnit, DefaultCostModel, ExactCompositionCostInputs, ExactCompositionCostRequest, ValueOperationCapabilities};
-pub use cost::recurrence::{evaluation_rate_of, total_cost, update_rate_from_data_workload, CostRate, EvaluationRate, Horizon, RecurrenceCostExplanation, RecurrenceError, RecurrenceProfile, RootRecurrence, UpdateRate};
+pub use candidate_selection::{
+    CompositionDecision, CostedGlobalSelection, RankedTargetSubDAGCandidates, RecurrenceProfileMap,
+};
+pub use cost::cost_model::{
+    maintenance_operation_plan_cost_rate, raw_recompute_cost_rate, read_operation_plan_cost_rate,
+    CostModel, CostProvenance, CostUnit, DefaultCostModel, ExactCompositionCostInputs,
+    ExactCompositionCostRequest, ValueOperationCapabilities,
+};
+pub use cost::recurrence::{
+    evaluation_rate_of, total_cost, update_rate_from_data_workload, CostRate, EvaluationRate,
+    Horizon, RecurrenceCostExplanation, RecurrenceError, RecurrenceProfile, RootRecurrence,
+    UpdateRate,
+};
 
 use asap_types::ir::NonASAPOp;
 use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap};
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
-use asap_types::ir::physical_export::{PhysicalASAPDAG, PhysicalASAPNodeId, PhysicalASAPOperatorPayload as Payload};
-use asap_types::ir::cse::share_common_sub_dags;
 use asap_types::ir::operator::Reduction;
+use asap_types::ir::physical_export::{
+    PhysicalASAPDAG, PhysicalASAPNodeId, PhysicalASAPOperatorPayload as Payload,
+};
 use asap_types::ir::schema::{DataType, Schema};
-use asap_types::ir::schema::{FieldDataType, SketchAlgorithm, SketchParams, SketchStatistic, WeightDomain};
+use asap_types::ir::schema::{
+    FieldDataType, SketchAlgorithm, SketchParams, SketchStatistic, WeightDomain,
+};
 use asap_types::ir::{ASAPOp, Operator, OperatorNode, QueryRoot};
 use asap_types::types::AccuracyTarget;
 use asap_types::workload::DataWorkload;
 use thiserror::Error;
 
-use crate::cost::analytical_cost::{estimate_operator, AnalyticalCostError, PhysicalOperator, ResourceCalibration, ResourceEstimate};
-use crate::cost::physical_operator_statistics::{EdgeStatistics, OperatorStatistics, PartitionStatistics, UnaryEdgeStatistics};
-use asap_logical_optimizer::accuracy::{AccuracyEvidenceProvider, AccuracyModel, DefaultAccuracyModel, NoAccuracyEvidence};
-use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::{choice_index, combination_count, compose_logical_candidate, enumerate_choices, nested_targets, LocalLogicalCandidates, LogicalCandidateError};
+use crate::cost::analytical_cost::{
+    estimate_operator, AnalyticalCostError, PhysicalOperator, ResourceCalibration, ResourceEstimate,
+};
+use crate::cost::physical_operator_statistics::{
+    EdgeStatistics, OperatorStatistics, PartitionStatistics, UnaryEdgeStatistics,
+};
+use asap_logical_optimizer::accuracy::{
+    AccuracyEvidenceProvider, AccuracyModel, DefaultAccuracyModel, NoAccuracyEvidence,
+};
+use asap_logical_optimizer::pass1::logical_candidates::{
+    choice_index, combination_count, compose_logical_candidate, enumerate_choices, nested_targets,
+    LocalLogicalCandidates, LogicalCandidateError,
+};
 pub use asap_logical_optimizer::pass2::identical_expressions::SharingVariant;
-use asap_logical_optimizer::pass2::identical_expressions::{share_identical_expressions, stage1_logical_candidates};
-use asap_physical_optimizer::implementation::physical_candidates::{stage2_physical, PhysicalCandidate};
+use asap_logical_optimizer::pass2::identical_expressions::{
+    share_identical_expressions, stage1_logical_candidates,
+};
+use asap_physical_optimizer::implementation::physical_candidates::{
+    stage2_physical, PhysicalCandidate,
+};
 
 pub const COST_UNIT: &str = "cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation";
 pub const COST_SOURCE: &str = "analytical-cost-v1 (illustrative statistics)";
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/examples/planner-layering-example1.json b/tools/dag-viewer/examples/planner-layering-example1.json
index c6e5e3e28..ebb22bc7a 100644
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/examples/planner-layering-example1.json
+++ b/tools/dag-viewer/examples/planner-layering-example1.json
@@ -2,61 +2,67 @@
   "format": "asap-stage-pipeline/v1",
   "stage0_logical": {
     "dag": {
-      "edges": [
+      "nodes": [
         {
-          "consumer": 1,
-          "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-          "intermediate_schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "timestamp"
-                },
-                "name": "ts",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "value",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "job",
-                "nullable": true,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
+          "guarantee": null,
+          "operator": {
+            "NonASAP": {
+              "Scan": {
+                "predicates": [],
+                "schema": {
+                  "closed": true,
+                  "fields": [
+                    {
+                      "dtype": {
+                        "Plain": "timestamp"
+                      },
+                      "name": "ts",
+                      "nullable": false,
+                      "table": null
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "dtype": {
+                        "Plain": "float64"
+                      },
+                      "name": "value",
+                      "nullable": false,
+                      "table": null
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "dtype": {
+                        "Plain": "utf8"
+                      },
+                      "name": "job",
+                      "nullable": true,
+                      "table": null
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "dtype": {
+                        "Plain": "utf8"
+                      },
+                      "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                      "nullable": false,
+                      "table": null
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "time_index": 0,
+                  "unique_keys": [
+                    [
+                      3,
+                      0
+                    ]
+                  ]
                 },
-                "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
+                "source": {
+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
+                }
               }
-            ],
-            "time_index": 0,
-            "unique_keys": [
-              [
-                3,
-                0
-              ]
-            ]
+            }
           },
-          "producer": 0,
-          "role": "Input"
-        },
-        {
-          "consumer": 2,
-          "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-          "intermediate_schema": {
+          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+          "schema": {
             "closed": true,
             "fields": [
               {
@@ -100,63 +106,24 @@
               ]
             ]
           },
-          "producer": 1,
-          "role": "Input"
+          "timing": null
         },
         {
-          "consumer": 3,
-          "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-          "intermediate_schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "timestamp"
-                },
-                "name": "ts",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "value",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "job",
-                "nullable": true,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
+          "guarantee": null,
+          "operator": {
+            "NonASAP": {
+              "TimeRange": {
+                "child": 0,
+                "kind": "range",
+                "range": {
+                  "nanos": 0,
+                  "secs": 60
+                }
               }
-            ],
-            "time_index": 0,
-            "unique_keys": [
-              [
-                3,
-                0
-              ]
-            ]
+            }
           },
-          "producer": 2,
-          "role": "Input"
-        },
-        {
-          "consumer": 5,
-          "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-          "intermediate_schema": {
+          "result_kind": "range_vector",
+          "schema": {
             "closed": true,
             "fields": [
               {
@@ -200,63 +167,30 @@
               ]
             ]
           },
-          "producer": 4,
-          "role": "Input"
+          "timing": null
         },
         {
-          "consumer": 6,
-          "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-          "intermediate_schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "timestamp"
-                },
-                "name": "ts",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "value",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "job",
-                "nullable": true,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
+          "guarantee": null,
+          "operator": {
+            "NonASAP": {
+              "Aggregate": {
+                "child": 1,
+                "filters": [],
+                "having": null,
+                "measures": [
+                  {
+                    "kind": "rate"
+                  }
+                ],
+                "output_names": [
+                  ""
+                ],
+                "reduction": "PerEntity"
               }
-            ],
-            "time_index": 0,
-            "unique_keys": [
-              [
-                3,
-                0
-              ]
-            ]
+            }
           },
-          "producer": 5,
-          "role": "Input"
-        },
-        {
-          "consumer": 7,
-          "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-          "intermediate_schema": {
+          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+          "schema": {
             "closed": true,
             "fields": [
               {
@@ -300,140 +234,37 @@
               ]
             ]
           },
-          "producer": 6,
-          "role": "Input"
-        }
-      ],
-      "nodes": [
+          "timing": null
+        },
         {
-          "coverage": null,
           "guarantee": null,
-          "id": 0,
-          "output_schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "timestamp"
-                },
-                "name": "ts",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "value",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "job",
-                "nullable": true,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": 0,
-            "unique_keys": [
-              [
-                3,
-                0
-              ]
-            ]
-          },
-          "payload": {
-            "kind": "relational",
-            "operator": {
-              "kind": "scan",
-              "predicates": [],
-              "schema": {
-                "closed": true,
-                "fields": [
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "timestamp"
-                    },
-                    "name": "ts",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
-                    },
-                    "name": "value",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
+          "operator": {
+            "NonASAP": {
+              "Aggregate": {
+                "child": 2,
+                "filters": [],
+                "having": null,
+                "measures": [
                   {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
+                    "col": null,
+                    "kind": "sum"
                   }
                 ],
-                "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": [
-                  [
-                    3,
-                    0
+                "output_names": [
+                  ""
+                ],
+                "reduction": {
+                  "Reduce": [
+                    2
                   ]
-                ]
-              },
-              "source": {
-                "TimeSeries": {
-                  "metric": "http_requests_total"
                 }
               }
             }
           },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector"
-        },
-        {
-          "coverage": null,
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "id": 1,
-          "output_schema": {
+          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+          "schema": {
             "closed": true,
             "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "timestamp"
-                },
-                "name": "ts",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "value",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
               {
                 "dtype": {
                   "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -444,39 +275,82 @@
               },
               {
                 "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
+                  "Plain": "float64"
                 },
-                "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                "name": "sum",
                 "nullable": false,
                 "table": null
               }
             ],
-            "time_index": 0,
+            "time_index": null,
             "unique_keys": [
               [
-                3,
                 0
               ]
             ]
           },
-          "payload": {
-            "kind": "relational",
-            "operator": {
-              "kind": "time_range",
-              "range": {
-                "nanos": 0,
-                "secs": 60
-              },
-              "range_kind": "range"
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "range_vector"
+          "timing": null
         },
         {
-          "coverage": null,
           "guarantee": null,
-          "id": 2,
-          "output_schema": {
+          "operator": {
+            "NonASAP": {
+              "Scan": {
+                "predicates": [],
+                "schema": {
+                  "closed": true,
+                  "fields": [
+                    {
+                      "dtype": {
+                        "Plain": "timestamp"
+                      },
+                      "name": "ts",
+                      "nullable": false,
+                      "table": null
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "dtype": {
+                        "Plain": "float64"
+                      },
+                      "name": "value",
+                      "nullable": false,
+                      "table": null
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "dtype": {
+                        "Plain": "utf8"
+                      },
+                      "name": "job",
+                      "nullable": true,
+                      "table": null
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "dtype": {
+                        "Plain": "utf8"
+                      },
+                      "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                      "nullable": false,
+                      "table": null
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "time_index": 0,
+                  "unique_keys": [
+                    [
+                      3,
+                      0
+                    ]
+                  ]
+                },
+                "source": {
+                  "TimeSeries": {
+                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+          "schema": {
             "closed": true,
             "fields": [
               {
@@ -520,85 +394,24 @@
               ]
             ]
           },
-          "payload": {
-            "kind": "relational",
-            "operator": {
-              "filters": [],
-              "having": null,
-              "kind": "aggregate",
-              "measures": [
-                {
-                  "kind": "rate"
-                }
-              ],
-              "output_names": [
-                ""
-              ],
-              "reduction": "PerEntity"
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector"
+          "timing": null
         },
         {
-          "coverage": null,
           "guarantee": null,
-          "id": 3,
-          "output_schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "job",
-                "nullable": true,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "sum",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": null,
-            "unique_keys": [
-              [
-                0
-              ]
-            ]
-          },
-          "payload": {
-            "kind": "relational",
-            "operator": {
-              "filters": [],
-              "having": null,
-              "kind": "aggregate",
-              "measures": [
-                {
-                  "col": null,
-                  "kind": "sum"
-                }
-              ],
-              "output_names": [
-                ""
-              ],
-              "reduction": {
-                "Reduce": [
-                  2
-                ]
+          "operator": {
+            "NonASAP": {
+              "TimeRange": {
+                "child": 4,
+                "kind": "range",
+                "range": {
+                  "nanos": 0,
+                  "secs": 60
+                }
               }
             }
           },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector"
-        },
-        {
-          "coverage": null,
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "id": 4,
-          "output_schema": {
+          "result_kind": "range_vector",
+          "schema": {
             "closed": true,
             "fields": [
               {
@@ -642,69 +455,31 @@
               ]
             ]
           },
-          "payload": {
-            "kind": "relational",
-            "operator": {
-              "kind": "scan",
-              "predicates": [],
-              "schema": {
-                "closed": true,
-                "fields": [
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "timestamp"
-                    },
-                    "name": "ts",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
-                    },
-                    "name": "value",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
+          "timing": null
+        },
+        {
+          "guarantee": null,
+          "operator": {
+            "NonASAP": {
+              "Aggregate": {
+                "child": 5,
+                "filters": [],
+                "having": null,
+                "measures": [
                   {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
+                    "col": null,
+                    "kind": "sum"
                   }
                 ],
-                "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": [
-                  [
-                    3,
-                    0
-                  ]
-                ]
-              },
-              "source": {
-                "TimeSeries": {
-                  "metric": "http_requests_total"
-                }
+                "output_names": [
+                  ""
+                ],
+                "reduction": "PerEntity"
               }
             }
           },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector"
-        },
-        {
-          "coverage": null,
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "id": 5,
-          "output_schema": {
+          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+          "schema": {
             "closed": true,
             "fields": [
               {
@@ -748,92 +523,39 @@
               ]
             ]
           },
-          "payload": {
-            "kind": "relational",
-            "operator": {
-              "kind": "time_range",
-              "range": {
-                "nanos": 0,
-                "secs": 60
-              },
-              "range_kind": "range"
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "range_vector"
+          "timing": null
         },
         {
-          "coverage": null,
           "guarantee": null,
-          "id": 6,
-          "output_schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "timestamp"
-                },
-                "name": "ts",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "value",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "job",
-                "nullable": true,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
+          "operator": {
+            "NonASAP": {
+              "Aggregate": {
+                "child": 6,
+                "filters": [],
+                "having": null,
+                "measures": [
+                  {
+                    "accuracy": {
+                      "EpsilonDelta": {
+                        "delta": 0.001,
+                        "epsilon": 0.01
+                      }
+                    },
+                    "k": 10,
+                    "kind": "top_k"
+                  }
+                ],
+                "output_names": [],
+                "reduction": {
+                  "Reduce": [
+                    2
+                  ]
+                }
               }
-            ],
-            "time_index": 0,
-            "unique_keys": [
-              [
-                3,
-                0
-              ]
-            ]
-          },
-          "payload": {
-            "kind": "relational",
-            "operator": {
-              "filters": [],
-              "having": null,
-              "kind": "aggregate",
-              "measures": [
-                {
-                  "col": null,
-                  "kind": "sum"
-                }
-              ],
-              "output_names": [
-                ""
-              ],
-              "reduction": "PerEntity"
             }
           },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector"
-        },
-        {
-          "coverage": null,
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "id": 7,
-          "output_schema": {
+          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+          "schema": {
             "closed": true,
             "fields": [
               {
@@ -869,23258 +591,84 @@
               ]
             ]
           },
-          "payload": {
-            "kind": "relational",
-            "operator": {
-              "filters": [],
-              "having": null,
-              "kind": "aggregate",
-              "measures": [
-                {
-                  "accuracy": {
-                    "EpsilonDelta": {
-                      "delta": 0.001,
-                      "epsilon": 0.01
-                    }
-                  },
-                  "k": 10,
-                  "kind": "top_k"
-                }
-              ],
-              "output_names": [],
-              "reduction": {
-                "Reduce": [
-                  2
-                ]
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector"
+          "timing": null
         }
       ],
       "roots": [
-        {
-          "Operator": 3
-        },
-        {
-          "Operator": 7
-        }
-      ]
-    }
-  },
-  "stage1_logical_asap": {
-    "candidates": [
-      {
-        "dag": {
-          "edges": [
-            {
-              "consumer": 1,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
-                "closed": true,
-                "fields": [
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "timestamp"
-                    },
-                    "name": "ts",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
-                    },
-                    "name": "value",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
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                   {
@@ -24164,36 +712,24 @@
                   ]
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                   {
@@ -24206,12 +742,9 @@
                   },
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@@ -24240,34 +773,30 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -24311,89 +840,35 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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             {
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@@ -24420,16 +895,68 @@
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+                        {
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@@ -24473,69 +1000,24 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -24579,24 +1061,31 @@
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
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@@ -24640,128 +1129,39 @@
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@@ -24797,36 +1197,84 @@
                   ]
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-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap"
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@@ -24870,13 +1318,24 @@
                   ]
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@@ -24920,66 +1379,30 @@
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@@ -25023,67 +1446,37 @@
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@@ -25094,78 +1487,82 @@
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@@ -25178,12 +1575,9 @@
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@@ -25212,13 +1606,24 @@
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@@ -25262,15 +1667,58 @@
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@@ -25281,43 +1729,34 @@
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -25361,142 +1800,152 @@
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+                        "accuracy": {
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@@ -25509,12 +1958,9 @@
                   },
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@@ -25543,34 +1989,24 @@
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@@ -25614,91 +2050,48 @@
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@@ -25709,48 +2102,52 @@
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@@ -25761,84 +2158,82 @@
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@@ -25882,36 +2277,24 @@
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@@ -25924,12 +2307,9 @@
                   },
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-                        "Sum"
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@@ -25958,34 +2338,31 @@
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               "guarantee": null,
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                   {
@@ -26029,28 +2406,55 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -26090,52 +2494,24 @@
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 272
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -26171,36 +2547,84 @@
                   ]
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             {
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           ]
         },
-        "id": "L22",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc)"
+        "id": "L3",
+        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 CMS+heap"
       },
       {
         "dag": {
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             {
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                   {
@@ -26244,13 +2668,91 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -26294,34 +2796,37 @@
                   ]
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@@ -26332,28 +2837,82 @@
                   },
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@@ -26397,49 +2956,24 @@
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                   {
@@ -26483,13 +3017,37 @@
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                   {
@@ -26502,9 +3060,12 @@
                   },
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-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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@@ -26533,13 +3094,19 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -26583,13 +3150,55 @@
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                   {
@@ -26604,13 +3213,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 125,
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
+                              "width": 272
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@@ -26629,122 +3238,137 @@
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-              "role": "Input"
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-                    "nullable": false,
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                   },
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+        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc)"
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                   {
@@ -26788,36 +3412,24 @@
                   ]
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                   {
@@ -26830,12 +3442,9 @@
                   },
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-                        "Rate"
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@@ -26864,34 +3473,30 @@
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                   {
@@ -26935,89 +3540,35 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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@@ -27044,16 +3595,68 @@
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+                        {
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+                        },
+                        {
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@@ -27097,69 +3700,24 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -27203,24 +3761,31 @@
                   ]
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -27264,43 +3829,55 @@
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -27340,52 +3917,24 @@
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@@ -27421,36 +3970,84 @@
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@@ -27494,13 +4091,24 @@
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@@ -27544,66 +4152,30 @@
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@@ -27647,13 +4219,35 @@
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@@ -27666,12 +4260,9 @@
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@@ -27683,13 +4274,68 @@
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@@ -27733,13 +4379,24 @@
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@@ -27783,13 +4440,37 @@
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@@ -27836,13 +4517,19 @@
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@@ -27886,13 +4573,55 @@
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
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@@ -27932,122 +4661,137 @@
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@@ -28091,36 +4835,24 @@
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@@ -28133,12 +4865,9 @@
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@@ -28167,34 +4896,37 @@
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@@ -28207,9 +4939,12 @@
                   },
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@@ -28238,91 +4973,37 @@
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@@ -28333,48 +5014,52 @@
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@@ -28385,84 +5070,82 @@
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@@ -28506,36 +5189,24 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -28548,12 +5219,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
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@@ -28582,34 +5250,31 @@
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-                "reduction": "PerEntity"
-              },
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               "guarantee": null,
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                   {
@@ -28653,113 +5318,39 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 125,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
-                            }
+              "operator": {
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+                    "measures": [
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+                          "EpsilonDelta": {
+                            "delta": 0.001,
+                            "epsilon": 0.01
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
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                   {
@@ -28795,36 +5386,84 @@
                   ]
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             {
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           ]
         },
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-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc)"
+        "id": "L7",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact"
       },
       {
         "dag": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -28868,13 +5507,24 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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                   {
@@ -28918,13 +5568,37 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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             {
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                   {
@@ -28937,9 +5611,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
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@@ -28968,13 +5645,19 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -29018,31 +5701,37 @@
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                 ]
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@@ -29053,31 +5742,82 @@
                   },
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+                      "Plain": "float64"
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+                        },
+                        {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -29121,69 +5861,24 @@
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                   {
@@ -29227,24 +5922,37 @@
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+                    "family": {
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -29257,9 +5965,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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+                        "Sum"
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                     },
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@@ -29288,85 +5999,19 @@
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               "guarantee": null,
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                   {
@@ -29410,31 +6055,39 @@
                   ]
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-              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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-              "output_schema": {
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+                    "filters": [],
+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
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+                        "accuracy": {
+                          "EpsilonDelta": {
+                            "delta": 0.001,
+                            "epsilon": 0.01
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+                        "kind": "top_k"
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -29470,54 +6123,84 @@
                   ]
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-                  }
-                }
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-              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
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           "roots": [
             {
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+              "Operator": 4
             },
             {
-              "Operator": 5
+              "Operator": 9
             }
           ]
         },
-        "id": "L25",
-        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 exact · shared input"
+        "id": "L8",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc)"
       },
       {
         "dag": {
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             {
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                   {
@@ -29561,13 +6244,24 @@
                   ]
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                   {
@@ -29611,13 +6305,37 @@
                   ]
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                   {
@@ -29630,9 +6348,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
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@@ -29661,13 +6382,19 @@
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                   {
@@ -29711,34 +6438,37 @@
                   ]
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@@ -29749,28 +6479,82 @@
                   },
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@@ -29814,16 +6598,24 @@
                   ]
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@@ -29867,69 +6659,31 @@
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                       {
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                   {
@@ -29973,42 +6727,57 @@
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               "guarantee": null,
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
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+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
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                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -30019,45 +6788,51 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
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                     "table": null
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                 ],
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -30068,11 +6843,19 @@
                     "nullable": true,
                     "table": null
                   },
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                     },
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                   }
@@ -30080,51 +6863,89 @@
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             },
             {
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-                  }
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-                "source": {
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-                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+              "Operator": 9
+            }
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+        },
+        "id": "L9",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap"
+      },
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                   {
@@ -30137,12 +6958,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
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+                      "Plain": "float64"
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@@ -30171,34 +6989,24 @@
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-                "reduction": "PerEntity"
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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-              "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -30242,99 +7050,96 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 6,
-              "output_schema": {
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@@ -30378,13 +7183,123 @@
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@@ -30428,13 +7343,24 @@
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@@ -30478,13 +7404,37 @@
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@@ -30497,9 +7447,12 @@
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@@ -30528,13 +7481,19 @@
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@@ -30578,13 +7537,55 @@
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@@ -30624,122 +7625,137 @@
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@@ -30783,24 +7799,24 @@
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@@ -30844,32 +7860,58 @@
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@@ -30880,49 +7922,34 @@
                   },
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                   {
@@ -30966,43 +7993,35 @@
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             {
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@@ -31015,22 +8034,9 @@
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                     "dtype": {
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@@ -31042,117 +8048,129 @@
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                   {
@@ -31196,13 +8214,31 @@
                   ]
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@@ -31246,13 +8282,225 @@
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                   {
@@ -31296,13 +8544,24 @@
                   ]
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                   {
@@ -31346,13 +8605,37 @@
                   ]
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+                        "Rate"
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -31366,8 +8649,8 @@
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
                       ]
                     },
                     "name": "state",
@@ -31399,13 +8682,19 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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             {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -31449,80 +8738,37 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
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@@ -31533,84 +8779,82 @@
                   },
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+                        {
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+                        {
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                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
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@@ -31654,24 +8898,24 @@
                   ]
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -31715,97 +8959,37 @@
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+                        "Sum"
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                     },
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                   }
                 }
               },
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -31852,34 +9036,19 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -31923,28 +9092,55 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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             {
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+              "guarantee": null,
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
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@@ -31959,13 +9155,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
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+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
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+                              "width": 30000
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@@ -31984,52 +9180,24 @@
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-                          "width": 272
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                   {
@@ -32065,36 +9233,84 @@
                   ]
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         },
-        "id": "L28",
-        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) · shared input"
+        "id": "L12",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc)"
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@@ -32138,13 +9354,24 @@
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@@ -32188,13 +9415,30 @@
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@@ -32238,13 +9482,232 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -32288,13 +9751,31 @@
                   ]
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-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -32338,13 +9819,39 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-              "role": "Input"
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+                    "measures": [
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+                        "accuracy": {
+                          "EpsilonDelta": {
+                            "delta": 0.001,
+                            "epsilon": 0.01
+                          }
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+                        "kind": "top_k"
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+                    "reduction": {
+                      "Reduce": [
+                        2
+                      ]
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -32357,22 +9864,17 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
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-                              "depth": 125,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
-                            }
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-                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
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                     "table": null
                   }
@@ -32380,20 +9882,89 @@
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+        "id": "L13",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 exact"
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               "guarantee": null,
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                   {
@@ -32437,69 +10008,24 @@
                   ]
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -32543,24 +10069,30 @@
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                   {
@@ -32604,30 +10136,83 @@
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@@ -32654,35 +10239,68 @@
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                   {
@@ -32726,130 +10344,42 @@
                   ]
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             {
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                   {
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-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
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@@ -32865,54 +10395,47 @@
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Sum"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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-        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 CountSketch+heap · shared input"
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-      {
-        "dag": {
-          "edges": [
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-              "consumer": 1,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -32925,9 +10448,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "value",
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                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -32956,13 +10482,19 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 0,
-              "role": "Input"
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             {
-              "consumer": 2,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -33006,63 +10538,152 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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             {
-              "consumer": 3,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+                    "measures": [
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+                        "accuracy": {
+                          "EpsilonDelta": {
+                            "delta": 0.001,
+                            "epsilon": 0.01
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+                        "kind": "top_k"
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                   {
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             {
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-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc)"
+      },
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+                          "dtype": {
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+                          "table": null
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+                          "table": null
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+                          "dtype": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -33106,13 +10727,24 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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+              "timing": null
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             {
-              "consumer": 5,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -33125,12 +10757,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
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-                    "name": "state",
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                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -33159,13 +10788,30 @@
                   ]
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             {
-              "consumer": 6,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
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+                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                  }
+                }
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -33209,13 +10855,41 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 5,
-              "role": "Input"
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             },
             {
-              "consumer": 7,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                      "weight": {
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+                      },
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+                    },
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+                      "Reduce": [
+                        2
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  }
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -33228,22 +10902,51 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Sketch": [
-                        {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 125,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
-                            }
-                          }
-                        },
-                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
                       ]
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
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+                    "table": null
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+            {
+              "guarantee": null,
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+                  }
+                }
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
+                "closed": true,
+                "fields": [
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+                    "dtype": {
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                    },
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+                    "nullable": true,
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+                  {
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                     "table": null
                   }
@@ -33255,16 +10958,68 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 6,
-              "role": "Input"
-            }
-          ],
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 0,
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+                      "fields": [
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+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
+                          "name": "ts",
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+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "float64"
+                          },
+                          "name": "value",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        }
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+                      "unique_keys": [
+                        [
+                          3,
+                          0
+                        ]
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+                    "source": {
+                      "TimeSeries": {
+                        "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -33308,69 +11063,24 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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-                        0
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-                      "metric": "http_requests_total"
+              "timing": null
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+            {
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+              "operator": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
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+                      "secs": 60
                     }
                   }
                 }
               },
-              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
-            },
-            {
-              "coverage": null,
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 1,
-              "output_schema": {
+              "result_kind": "range_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -33414,24 +11124,31 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "payload": {
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-                "operator": {
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-                    "nanos": 0,
-                    "secs": 60
-                  },
-                  "range_kind": "range"
-                }
-              },
-              "result_kind": "range_vector"
+              "timing": null
             },
             {
-              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 2,
-              "output_schema": {
+              "operator": {
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+                    "filters": [],
+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
+                      {
+                        "col": null,
+                        "kind": "sum"
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+                    "output_names": [
+                      ""
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+                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -33475,30 +11192,55 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "payload": {
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-                  "kind": "aggregate",
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-                  ],
-                  "output_names": [
-                    ""
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-                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
-                }
-              },
-              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
+              "timing": null
             },
             {
-              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 3,
-              "output_schema": {
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+                    "child": 7,
+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
+                          }
+                        },
+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": {
+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                        }
+                      },
+                      "weight": {
+                        "Column": "SampleValue"
+                      },
+                      "weight_domain": {
+                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
+                      }
+                    },
+                    "reduction": {
+                      "Reduce": [
+                        2
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "state",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -33511,9 +11253,22 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
+                          }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "sum",
+                    "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
@@ -33525,47 +11280,137 @@
                   ]
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-                  "output_names": [
-                    ""
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-                  "reduction": {
-                    "Reduce": [
-                      2
-                    ]
+              "timing": null
+            },
+            {
+              "guarantee": null,
+              "operator": {
+                "ASAP": {
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                   }
                 }
               },
-              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
-            },
-            {
-              "coverage": {
-                "regions": [
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+              "schema": {
+                "closed": true,
+                "fields": [
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@@ -33578,12 +11423,9 @@
                   },
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-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
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@@ -33612,34 +11454,24 @@
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@@ -33683,30 +11515,48 @@
                   ]
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@@ -33717,79 +11567,56 @@
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
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@@ -33802,17 +11629,12 @@
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@@ -33820,59 +11642,25 @@
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@@ -33883,28 +11671,82 @@
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@@ -33948,13 +11790,24 @@
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@@ -33967,12 +11820,9 @@
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@@ -34001,13 +11851,37 @@
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@@ -34020,9 +11894,12 @@
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@@ -34051,13 +11928,19 @@
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@@ -34101,31 +11984,57 @@
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@@ -34136,137 +12045,164 @@
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@@ -34310,36 +12246,24 @@
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-                    "secs": 60
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             },
             {
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-                    "time_ms": null
-                  }
-                ],
-                "source": {
-                  "TimeSeries": {
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+              "guarantee": null,
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+                    }
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                 }
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -34352,12 +12276,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
+                    "name": "value",
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                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -34386,34 +12307,30 @@
                   ]
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-                  }
-                },
-                "kind": "summary_agg",
-                "reduction": "PerEntity"
-              },
-              "result_kind": "state"
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             },
             {
-              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 3,
-              "output_schema": {
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+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
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+                        "kind": "rate"
+                      }
+                    ],
+                    "output_names": [
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+                    ],
+                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                  }
+                }
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -34457,89 +12374,43 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
-              },
-              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
+              "timing": null
             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 4,
-              "output_schema": {
-                "closed": true,
-                "fields": [
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-                    "dtype": {
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+              "operator": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
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-                    "nullable": true,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
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+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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-                  "kind": "aggregate",
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-                      "kind": "sum"
+                    "reduction": {
+                      "Reduce": [
+                        2
+                      ]
                     }
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-            },
-            {
-              "coverage": null,
-              "guarantee": null,
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-              "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
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                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -34550,46 +12421,36 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                    "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
                 ],
-                "time_index": 0,
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                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
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                     0
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-                  ],
-                  "output_names": [
-                    ""
-                  ],
-                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
-                }
-              },
-              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
+              "timing": null
             },
             {
-              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 6,
-              "output_schema": {
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+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -34600,19 +12461,11 @@
                     "nullable": true,
                     "table": null
                   },
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-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "value",
+                    "name": "sum",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
@@ -34620,59 +12473,72 @@
                 "time_index": null,
                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
-                    0,
-                    1
+                    0
                   ]
                 ]
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-                  "kind": "aggregate",
-                  "measures": [
-                    {
-                      "accuracy": {
-                        "EpsilonDelta": {
-                          "delta": 0.001,
-                          "epsilon": 0.01
+              "timing": null
+            },
+            {
+              "guarantee": null,
+              "operator": {
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+                  "Scan": {
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+                    "schema": {
+                      "closed": true,
+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
+                          "name": "ts",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "float64"
+                          },
+                          "name": "value",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
                         }
-                      },
-                      "k": 10,
-                      "kind": "top_k"
+                      ],
+                      "time_index": 0,
+                      "unique_keys": [
+                        [
+                          3,
+                          0
+                        ]
+                      ]
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+                      }
                     }
-                  ],
-                  "output_names": [],
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                   }
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-        "id": "L31",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact · shared input"
-      },
-      {
-        "dag": {
-          "edges": [
-            {
-              "consumer": 1,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -34716,13 +12582,24 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 0,
-              "role": "Input"
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             },
             {
-              "consumer": 2,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "operator": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
+                    "range": {
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+                      "secs": 60
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "range_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -34766,13 +12643,31 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 1,
-              "role": "Input"
+              "timing": null
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 3,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "operator": {
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+                    "filters": [],
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+                    "measures": [
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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+                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -34785,12 +12680,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
+                    "name": "value",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -34819,31 +12711,57 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 2,
-              "role": "Input"
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             },
             {
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-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
-                "closed": true,
-                "fields": [
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+              "guarantee": null,
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
+                          }
+                        },
+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
                     },
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-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
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+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": {
+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                        }
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+                        2
+                      ]
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+                "fields": [
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -34854,78 +12772,164 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
+                          }
+                        },
+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                    "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
                 ],
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                 "unique_keys": [
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                     0
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 3,
-              "role": "Input"
+              "timing": null
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 5,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
+              "guarantee": null,
+              "operator": {
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+                      "TopK": {
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+                      }
+                    },
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+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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-                    "name": "ts",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
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                     "table": null
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
+                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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                     "table": null
                   }
                 ],
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                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
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+                    1
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                 ]
               },
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-              "role": "Input"
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+            }
+          ],
+          "roots": [
+            {
+              "Operator": 4
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 6,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
+              "Operator": 9
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        "id": "L17",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap"
+      },
+      {
+        "dag": {
+          "nodes": [
+            {
+              "guarantee": null,
+              "operator": {
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+                    "schema": {
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+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
+                          "name": "ts",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "float64"
+                          },
+                          "name": "value",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
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+                        }
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+                      "unique_keys": [
+                        [
+                          3,
+                          0
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+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -34938,12 +12942,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
+                    "name": "value",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -34972,13 +12973,24 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 5,
-              "role": "Input"
+              "timing": null
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 7,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
+              "guarantee": null,
+              "operator": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
+                    "range": {
+                      "nanos": 0,
+                      "secs": 60
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
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+              "result_kind": "range_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -35022,16 +13034,30 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 6,
-              "role": "Input"
-            }
-          ],
-          "nodes": [
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+            },
             {
-              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 0,
-              "output_schema": {
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+                  "Aggregate": {
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+                    "filters": [],
+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
+                      {
+                        "kind": "rate"
+                      }
+                    ],
+                    "output_names": [
+                      ""
+                    ],
+                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -35075,87 +13101,85 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
-                          "Plain": "utf8"
-                        },
-                        "name": "job",
-                        "nullable": true,
-                        "table": null
+              "timing": null
+            },
+            {
+              "guarantee": null,
+              "operator": {
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                      "weight": {
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                       },
-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
-                          "Plain": "utf8"
-                        },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                      "weight_domain": {
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                       }
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-                    "unique_keys": [
-                      [
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-                        0
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                       ]
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                     }
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-            },
-            {
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-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 1,
-              "output_schema": {
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "timestamp"
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
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-                    "nullable": false,
+                    "name": "job",
+                    "nullable": true,
                     "table": null
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "value",
+                    "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
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+              "operator": {
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
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+                "fields": [
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -35166,51 +13190,82 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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             {
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+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
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+                          "nullable": true,
+                          "table": null
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+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -35223,12 +13278,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
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                     "table": null
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@@ -35257,34 +13309,24 @@
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-                "kind": "summary_agg",
-                "reduction": "PerEntity"
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               "guarantee": null,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -35328,83 +13370,37 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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-                "fields": [
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+                    "family": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
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                     },
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-                    "nullable": true,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
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+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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-                      "kind": "sum"
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-                      2
-                    ]
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-                    "time_ms": null
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-                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
                   }
                 }
               },
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-              "id": 5,
-              "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -35451,34 +13447,19 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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-                  }
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-                "reduction": "PerEntity"
-              },
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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-              "output_schema": {
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+                  }
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -35522,16 +13503,112 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "payload": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
+                          }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": {
+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                        }
+                      },
+                      "weight": {
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+                      "weight_domain": {
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+                      "Reduce": [
+                        2
+                      ]
+                    }
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+                "fields": [
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+                    "table": null
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+                  {
+                    "dtype": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
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+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
+                          }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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-              "output_schema": {
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+                      }
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+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -35567,33 +13644,7 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-                      2
-                    ]
-                  }
-                }
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-              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
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             }
           ],
           "roots": [
@@ -35601,20 +13652,76 @@
               "Operator": 4
             },
             {
-              "Operator": 7
+              "Operator": 10
             }
           ]
         },
-        "id": "L32",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) · shared input"
+        "id": "L18",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap (Sum acc)"
       },
       {
         "dag": {
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             {
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-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+              "operator": {
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+                    "schema": {
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+                      "fields": [
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+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
+                          "name": "ts",
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+                        },
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+                            "Plain": "float64"
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+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
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+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -35658,13 +13765,24 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -35708,13 +13826,37 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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             {
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -35761,13 +13903,19 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 2,
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             {
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-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -35811,31 +13959,85 @@
                   ]
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               },
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-              "role": "Input"
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             {
-              "consumer": 5,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                      "weight": {
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+                        2
+                      ]
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+                }
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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                     },
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                     "table": null
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "value",
+                    "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
-                  },
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                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -35846,28 +14048,82 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                    "name": "sum",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
                 ],
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                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
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                     0
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               },
-              "producer": 1,
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+              "timing": null
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             {
-              "consumer": 6,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
+              "guarantee": null,
+              "operator": {
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+                    "predicates": [],
+                    "schema": {
+                      "closed": true,
+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
+                          "name": "ts",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "float64"
+                          },
+                          "name": "value",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        }
+                      ],
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+                      "unique_keys": [
+                        [
+                          3,
+                          0
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+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -35911,15 +14167,42 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 5,
-              "role": "Input"
+              "timing": null
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 7,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
+              "guarantee": null,
+              "operator": {
+                "NonASAP": {
+                  "TimeRange": {
+                    "child": 6,
+                    "kind": "range",
+                    "range": {
+                      "nanos": 0,
+                      "secs": 60
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              },
+              "result_kind": "range_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -35930,43 +14213,46 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Sketch": [
-                        {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
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-                              "depth": 7,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 272
-                            }
-                          }
-                        },
-                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
-                    "name": "state",
+                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
                 ],
-                "time_index": null,
+                "time_index": 0,
                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
+                    3,
                     0
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                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 6,
-              "role": "Input"
-            }
-          ],
-          "nodes": [
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+            },
             {
-              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 0,
-              "output_schema": {
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+                    "filters": [],
+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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+                    "output_names": [
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+                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                  }
+                }
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -36010,142 +14296,152 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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-                          "Plain": "utf8"
-                        },
-                        "name": "job",
-                        "nullable": true,
-                        "table": null
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@@ -36158,12 +14454,9 @@
                   },
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-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
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@@ -36192,34 +14485,24 @@
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@@ -36263,18 +14546,58 @@
                   ]
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               "guarantee": null,
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@@ -36285,49 +14608,34 @@
                   },
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@@ -36371,43 +14679,41 @@
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@@ -36420,19 +14726,9 @@
                   },
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-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 272
-                            }
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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+                        "Sum"
                       ]
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@@ -36447,52 +14743,19 @@
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@@ -36503,19 +14766,11 @@
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@@ -36523,41 +14778,72 @@
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                 "fields": [
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@@ -36601,13 +14887,24 @@
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@@ -36651,13 +14948,37 @@
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+                    "family": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -36671,8 +14992,8 @@
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
                       ]
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@@ -36704,13 +15025,19 @@
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@@ -36754,63 +15081,152 @@
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@@ -36823,12 +15239,9 @@
                   },
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@@ -36857,13 +15270,24 @@
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-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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@@ -36907,62 +15331,37 @@
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@@ -36975,9 +15374,12 @@
                   },
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
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@@ -37006,69 +15408,19 @@
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@@ -37112,57 +15464,85 @@
                   ]
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
                       ]
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@@ -37173,49 +15553,82 @@
                   },
                   {
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+                        },
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                   {
@@ -37259,83 +15672,24 @@
                   ]
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+              "result_kind": "range_vector",
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -37348,12 +15702,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
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+                      "Plain": "float64"
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@@ -37382,34 +15733,31 @@
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -37453,28 +15801,55 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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             {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                        "Column": {
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                   {
@@ -37514,52 +15889,24 @@
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
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                   }
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -37595,36 +15942,84 @@
                   ]
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             {
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           ]
         },
-        "id": "L34",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) · shared input"
+        "id": "L21",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap"
       },
       {
         "dag": {
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             {
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@@ -37668,13 +16063,24 @@
                   ]
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -37718,13 +16124,37 @@
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-              "producer": 1,
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -37771,13 +16201,19 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -37821,13 +16257,171 @@
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                   {
@@ -37871,13 +16465,24 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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                   {
@@ -37921,15 +16526,58 @@
                   ]
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@@ -37940,43 +16588,34 @@
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               "guarantee": null,
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                   {
@@ -38020,69 +16659,225 @@
                   ]
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
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                       },
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                   {
@@ -38126,36 +16921,24 @@
                   ]
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                   {
@@ -38168,12 +16951,9 @@
                   },
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-                        "Rate"
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@@ -38202,34 +16982,37 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38242,9 +17025,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
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@@ -38273,71 +17059,19 @@
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@@ -38381,43 +17115,41 @@
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@@ -38430,19 +17162,9 @@
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
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-                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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                       ]
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@@ -38457,52 +17179,19 @@
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               "guarantee": null,
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                 "fields": [
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@@ -38513,19 +17202,11 @@
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "float64"
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@@ -38533,41 +17214,72 @@
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                   {
@@ -38611,13 +17323,24 @@
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-              "intermediate_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38661,13 +17384,31 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-              "role": "Input"
+              "timing": null
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             {
-              "consumer": 3,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38680,12 +17421,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
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                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -38714,31 +17452,57 @@
                   ]
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
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+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
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+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
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@@ -38749,78 +17513,164 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
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                     "table": null
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-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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                     "table": null
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
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                     },
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                 "unique_keys": [
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             },
             {
-              "consumer": 6,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        "id": "L23",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap"
+      },
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+                          "table": null
+                        },
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+                          "dtype": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38833,12 +17683,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
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                     "table": null
                   },
@@ -38867,13 +17714,24 @@
                   ]
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-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38917,62 +17775,37 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-              "producer": 6,
-              "role": "Input"
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             {
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-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 30000
-                            }
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                       ]
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-                    "table": null
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                   }
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-              "output_schema": {
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -38985,9 +17818,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
                     },
-                    "name": "value",
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                     "table": null
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@@ -39016,69 +17852,19 @@
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               "guarantee": null,
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -39122,57 +17908,85 @@
                   ]
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-                    "secs": 60
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-                  "range_kind": "range"
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             {
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-                    "time_ms": null
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-                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
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+                        "Sum"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                      "weight": {
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+                      "weight_domain": {
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+                      ]
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-              "guarantee": null,
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-              "output_schema": {
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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                     "dtype": {
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+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
-                    "name": "ts",
-                    "nullable": false,
+                    "name": "job",
+                    "nullable": true,
                     "table": null
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
                       ]
                     },
                     "name": "state",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
-                  },
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+              "schema": {
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -39183,49 +17997,82 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                    "name": "sum",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
                 ],
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-                  }
-                },
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-                "reduction": "PerEntity"
-              },
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+                    "schema": {
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+                      "fields": [
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+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
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+                        },
+                        {
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+                            "Plain": "float64"
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+                          "name": "value",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
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+                        {
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+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
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+                          "nullable": true,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
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+                        [
+                          3,
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -39269,18 +18116,42 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
-              },
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+              "timing": null
             },
             {
-              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 4,
-              "output_schema": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
+                    "range": {
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+                      "secs": 60
+                    }
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+                }
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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                   {
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -39291,61 +18162,52 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
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+                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
                 ],
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                 "unique_keys": [
                   [
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                     0
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                 ]
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-                  ],
-                  "reduction": {
-                    "Reduce": [
-                      2
-                    ]
-                  }
-                }
-              },
-              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
+              "timing": null
             },
             {
-              "coverage": {
-                "regions": [
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-                    "time_ms": null
-                  }
-                ],
-                "source": {
-                  "TimeSeries": {
-                    "metric": "http_requests_total"
+              "guarantee": null,
+              "operator": {
+                "ASAP": {
+                  "SummaryAgg": {
+                    "child": 7,
+                    "family": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                      "weight": {
+                        "Column": "SampleValue"
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                   }
                 }
               },
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 5,
-              "output_schema": {
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+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -39392,34 +18254,19 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "payload": {
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-                  }
-                },
-                "kind": "summary_agg",
-                "reduction": "PerEntity"
-              },
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             {
-              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 6,
-              "output_schema": {
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+                  }
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -39463,28 +18310,55 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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+              "guarantee": null,
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@@ -39524,52 +18398,24 @@
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@@ -39605,36 +18451,84 @@
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@@ -39678,13 +18572,24 @@
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@@ -39728,13 +18633,30 @@
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@@ -39778,13 +18700,35 @@
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@@ -39797,12 +18741,9 @@
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@@ -39814,13 +18755,31 @@
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@@ -39864,66 +18823,152 @@
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@@ -40073,24 +19073,30 @@
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@@ -40134,42 +19140,35 @@
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@@ -40182,12 +19181,9 @@
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@@ -40199,40 +19195,58 @@
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@@ -40243,30 +19257,34 @@
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@@ -40310,31 +19328,39 @@
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@@ -40370,54 +19396,84 @@
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@@ -40461,13 +19517,24 @@
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@@ -40511,13 +19578,30 @@
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@@ -40561,13 +19645,35 @@
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@@ -40580,12 +19686,9 @@
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-                        "Sum"
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@@ -40597,13 +19700,31 @@
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@@ -40647,34 +19768,57 @@
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@@ -40685,81 +19829,164 @@
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@@ -40803,69 +20030,24 @@
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@@ -40909,24 +20091,30 @@
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@@ -40970,103 +20158,35 @@
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@@ -41093,28 +20213,37 @@
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@@ -41161,34 +20290,19 @@
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@@ -41232,16 +20346,112 @@
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@@ -41277,54 +20487,84 @@
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-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) · shared input"
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -41368,13 +20608,24 @@
                   ]
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                   {
@@ -41418,13 +20669,30 @@
                   ]
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -41468,13 +20736,35 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-              "producer": 2,
-              "role": "Input"
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             {
-              "consumer": 4,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -41487,12 +20777,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
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                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
@@ -41504,13 +20791,31 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -41554,31 +20859,57 @@
                   ]
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@@ -41589,28 +20920,51 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
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                     0
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -41623,22 +20977,17 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
-                          "category": "TopK",
-                          "params": {
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-                              "depth": 7,
-                              "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 272
-                            }
-                          }
-                        },
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+                      "Plain": "utf8"
                     },
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                     "table": null
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@@ -41646,20 +20995,89 @@
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+        "id": "L29",
+        "label": "Q1 exact · Q2 CountSketch+heap · shared input"
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               "guarantee": null,
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@@ -41703,69 +21121,24 @@
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@@ -41809,24 +21182,30 @@
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@@ -41870,50 +21249,100 @@
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@@ -41926,49 +21355,7 @@
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@@ -41979,30 +21366,34 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "Plain": "utf8"
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                     "table": null
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                 "unique_keys": [
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                     0
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -42046,43 +21437,55 @@
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-                }
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -42097,13 +21500,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CmsWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 7,
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 272
+                              "width": 30000
                             }
                           }
                         },
@@ -42122,52 +21525,24 @@
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
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@@ -42500,28 +21934,45 @@
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@@ -42584,22 +22061,17 @@
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@@ -42607,20 +22079,89 @@
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@@ -42800,9 +22309,12 @@
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@@ -42831,44 +22343,37 @@
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@@ -42879,55 +22384,50 @@
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@@ -42954,28 +22454,37 @@
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@@ -43022,34 +22531,19 @@
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@@ -43093,113 +22587,39 @@
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@@ -43235,15 +22655,7 @@
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@@ -43251,20 +22663,76 @@
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@@ -43308,13 +22776,24 @@
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@@ -43358,13 +22837,37 @@
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@@ -43377,9 +22880,12 @@
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@@ -43408,15 +22914,37 @@
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@@ -43427,48 +22955,52 @@
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@@ -43479,28 +23011,45 @@
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@@ -43544,13 +23093,55 @@
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@@ -43565,13 +23156,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
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                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
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                           "category": "TopK",
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@@ -43590,16 +23181,137 @@
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@@ -43643,69 +23355,24 @@
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@@ -43749,24 +23416,96 @@
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@@ -43810,42 +23549,35 @@
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@@ -43858,12 +23590,9 @@
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@@ -43875,40 +23604,58 @@
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@@ -43919,30 +23666,34 @@
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@@ -43986,43 +23737,55 @@
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@@ -44037,13 +23800,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
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+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
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@@ -44062,52 +23825,24 @@
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
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                   {
@@ -44143,15 +23878,7 @@
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@@ -44159,20 +23886,76 @@
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-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 CountSketch+heap · shared input"
+        "id": "L34",
+        "label": "Q1 exact (Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap (Sum acc) · shared input"
       },
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@@ -44216,13 +23999,24 @@
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@@ -44266,13 +24060,37 @@
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@@ -44285,9 +24103,12 @@
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@@ -44316,49 +24137,19 @@
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@@ -44402,34 +24193,37 @@
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@@ -44440,28 +24234,45 @@
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@@ -44505,13 +24316,55 @@
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                   {
@@ -44551,16 +24404,137 @@
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@@ -44604,69 +24578,24 @@
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@@ -44710,24 +24639,37 @@
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                   {
@@ -44740,9 +24682,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
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@@ -44771,44 +24716,37 @@
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             {
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@@ -44819,55 +24757,50 @@
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@@ -44894,28 +24827,37 @@
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@@ -44962,34 +24904,19 @@
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@@ -45033,28 +24960,55 @@
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@@ -45094,52 +25048,24 @@
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@@ -45175,15 +25101,7 @@
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@@ -45195,16 +25113,72 @@
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@@ -45248,13 +25222,24 @@
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@@ -45298,13 +25283,30 @@
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@@ -45317,12 +25319,9 @@
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@@ -45351,31 +25350,43 @@
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@@ -45386,28 +25397,36 @@
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@@ -45420,12 +25439,9 @@
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@@ -45437,13 +25453,31 @@
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@@ -45487,66 +25521,152 @@
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@@ -45590,69 +25710,24 @@
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@@ -45696,36 +25771,30 @@
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@@ -45738,12 +25807,9 @@
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@@ -45772,52 +25838,43 @@
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@@ -45828,43 +25885,36 @@
                   },
                   {
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+                        "Sum"
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@@ -45877,12 +25927,9 @@
                   },
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                     "dtype": {
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-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
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@@ -45894,40 +25941,58 @@
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@@ -45938,30 +26003,34 @@
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@@ -46005,31 +26074,39 @@
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               "guarantee": null,
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@@ -46065,104 +26142,84 @@
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             {
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-        "id": "L43",
-        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 exact · shared input"
+        "id": "L38",
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       },
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@@ -46206,13 +26263,24 @@
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@@ -46225,12 +26293,9 @@
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@@ -46259,13 +26324,30 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -46309,13 +26391,41 @@
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@@ -46345,31 +26455,21 @@
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@@ -46380,28 +26480,45 @@
                   },
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+                      "Plain": "float64"
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@@ -46414,12 +26531,9 @@
                   },
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                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
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@@ -46448,31 +26562,57 @@
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+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
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@@ -46483,137 +26623,164 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
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+                              "width": 272
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               "guarantee": null,
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                   {
@@ -46657,36 +26824,24 @@
                   ]
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@@ -46699,12 +26854,9 @@
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-                        "Rate"
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+                      "Plain": "float64"
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@@ -46733,34 +26885,30 @@
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                   {
@@ -46804,28 +26952,41 @@
                   ]
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                   {
@@ -46855,38 +27016,19 @@
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                   {
@@ -46913,28 +27055,37 @@
                   ]
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                   {
@@ -46981,34 +27132,19 @@
                   ]
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@@ -47052,16 +27188,55 @@
                   ]
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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@@ -47074,17 +27249,22 @@
                   },
                   {
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-                    "nullable": false,
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+                      "Sketch": [
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+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
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                     "table": null
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@@ -47092,109 +27272,141 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -47238,13 +27450,24 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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                   {
@@ -47257,12 +27480,9 @@
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-                        "Rate"
-                      ]
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@@ -47291,13 +27511,30 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -47341,13 +27578,41 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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             {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -47377,31 +27642,21 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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             {
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@@ -47412,28 +27667,45 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "Plain": "float64"
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             {
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -47477,13 +27749,55 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-              "producer": 6,
-              "role": "Input"
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             {
-              "consumer": 8,
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                        }
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+                        2
+                      ]
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -47498,13 +27812,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CmsWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 7,
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
                               "heap_size": 100,
-                              "width": 272
+                              "width": 30000
                             }
                           }
                         },
@@ -47523,122 +27837,137 @@
                   ]
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-              "role": "Input"
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               "guarantee": null,
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                     "dtype": {
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@@ -47682,36 +28011,24 @@
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@@ -47724,12 +28041,9 @@
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-                        "Rate"
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@@ -47758,34 +28072,30 @@
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@@ -47829,28 +28139,41 @@
                   ]
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@@ -47880,38 +28203,19 @@
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@@ -47938,16 +28242,37 @@
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                   {
@@ -47960,9 +28285,12 @@
                   },
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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+                        "Sum"
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@@ -47991,43 +28319,111 @@
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+                          "category": "TopK",
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
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@@ -48042,13 +28438,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
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+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
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+                              "width": 30000
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@@ -48067,52 +28463,24 @@
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                   {
@@ -48148,36 +28516,84 @@
                   ]
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+        "id": "L42",
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       },
       {
         "dag": {
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@@ -48221,13 +28637,24 @@
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@@ -48271,13 +28698,37 @@
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@@ -48324,13 +28775,19 @@
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@@ -48374,13 +28831,41 @@
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                   {
@@ -48410,31 +28895,21 @@
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@@ -48445,28 +28920,45 @@
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@@ -48479,12 +28971,9 @@
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@@ -48513,31 +29002,41 @@
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@@ -48553,51 +29052,12 @@
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@@ -48605,20 +29065,89 @@
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@@ -48662,69 +29191,24 @@
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@@ -48768,36 +29252,37 @@
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@@ -48844,34 +29329,19 @@
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@@ -48915,28 +29385,41 @@
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@@ -48966,38 +29449,19 @@
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@@ -49024,28 +29488,37 @@
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@@ -49092,34 +29565,19 @@
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@@ -49163,113 +29621,39 @@
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@@ -49305,15 +29689,7 @@
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@@ -49321,20 +29697,76 @@
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@@ -49378,13 +29810,24 @@
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@@ -49428,13 +29871,37 @@
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@@ -49481,13 +29948,19 @@
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@@ -49531,13 +30004,41 @@
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                   {
@@ -49567,31 +30068,21 @@
                   ]
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@@ -49602,28 +30093,45 @@
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                   {
@@ -49667,13 +30175,55 @@
                   ]
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                   {
@@ -49688,13 +30238,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
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+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
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                         },
@@ -49713,16 +30263,137 @@
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+        "label": "Q1 exact (Sum acc, Rate acc) · Q2 CMS+heap · shared input"
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@@ -49766,69 +30437,24 @@
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@@ -49872,36 +30498,37 @@
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@@ -49948,34 +30575,19 @@
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@@ -50006,49 +30618,161 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
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@@ -50061,49 +30785,7 @@
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@@ -50114,30 +30796,34 @@
                   },
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -50181,43 +30867,55 @@
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+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
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@@ -50232,13 +30930,13 @@
                     "dtype": {
                       "Sketch": [
                         {
-                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
                           "category": "TopK",
                           "params": {
-                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                              "depth": 125,
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
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                               "heap_size": 100,
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@@ -50257,52 +30955,24 @@
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -50338,15 +31008,7 @@
                   ]
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@@ -50354,20 +31016,76 @@
               "Operator": 5
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@@ -51156,38 +32014,19 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -51282,34 +32130,19 @@
                   ]
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-                "reduction": "PerEntity"
-              },
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+                }
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+              "result_kind": "instant_vector",
+              "schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -51353,28 +32186,55 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
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-              },
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             {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
+                          }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
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+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": {
+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                        }
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+                        "Column": "SampleValue"
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+                        2
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -51414,52 +32274,24 @@
                   ]
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-                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 125,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
-                        }
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                       }
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-                    "Column": "SampleValue"
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-                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
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                   }
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-              "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -51495,15 +32327,7 @@
                   ]
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-              "result_kind": "instant_vector"
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@@ -51915,7 +32739,6 @@
           ],
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@@ -51967,64 +32790,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
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+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
+                          "name": "ts",
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                         },
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-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
-                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "float64"
+                          },
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-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
-                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
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+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
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                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        }
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+                      "unique_keys": [
+                        [
+                          3,
+                          0
+                        ]
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                       }
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@@ -52076,89 +32898,89 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                    "kind": "range",
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+                      "secs": 60
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+                "timing": "query_time"
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "filters": [],
+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
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+                        "kind": "rate"
+                      }
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                   }
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@@ -52193,30 +33015,30 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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+                    "measures": [
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -52268,64 +33090,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                      },
-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
-                          "Plain": "float64"
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+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
+                          "name": "ts",
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-                        "name": "value",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
-                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "float64"
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+                          "nullable": false,
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-                        "name": "job",
-                        "nullable": true,
-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
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+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
+                          "table": null
                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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+                        }
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+                      "unique_keys": [
+                        [
+                          3,
+                          0
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                       }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -52377,19 +33198,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                  "kind": "time_range",
-                  "range": {
-                    "nanos": 0,
-                    "secs": 60
-                  },
-                  "range_kind": "range"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
+                    "range": {
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+                      "secs": 60
+                    }
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                 }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -52441,26 +33262,26 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "kind": "sum"
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-                  "output_names": [
-                    ""
-                  ],
-                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "filters": [],
+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
+                      {
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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+                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                  }
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               }
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             {
-              "coverage": null,
               "guarantee": null,
               "id": 7,
               "output_schema": {
@@ -52512,26 +33333,26 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
-                "kind": "relational",
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-                      },
-                      "nulls_first": false
-                    }
-                  ],
-                  "kind": "sort",
-                  "partition_by": [
-                    2
-                  ]
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "child": 6,
+                    "keys": [
+                      {
+                        "ascending": false,
+                        "expr": {
+                          "Column": 1
+                        },
+                        "nulls_first": false
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+                    "partition_by": [
+                      2
+                    ]
+                  }
                 }
               }
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -52583,14 +33404,15 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
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-                "operator": {
-                  "kind": "limit",
-                  "n": 10,
-                  "offset": 0,
-                  "partition_by": [
-                    2
-                  ]
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "n": 10,
+                    "offset": 0,
+                    "partition_by": [
+                      2
+                    ]
+                  }
                 }
               }
             }
@@ -53053,7 +33875,6 @@
           ],
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -53105,64 +33926,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                      "closed": true,
+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
+                          "name": "ts",
+                          "nullable": false,
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-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
-                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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+                          "name": "value",
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-                        "name": "job",
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-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
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+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
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                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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+                          3,
+                          0
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                       }
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@@ -53214,19 +34034,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "kind": "time_range",
-                  "range": {
-                    "nanos": 0,
-                    "secs": 60
-                  },
-                  "range_kind": "range"
+                "NonASAP": {
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@@ -53278,25 +34098,25 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "output_names": [
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-                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
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+                  }
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@@ -53331,30 +34151,30 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                  "having": null,
-                  "kind": "aggregate",
-                  "measures": [
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-                      "kind": "sum"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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@@ -53406,64 +34226,63 @@
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-                      {
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@@ -53515,31 +34334,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -53594,29 +34401,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
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+                      "weight": {
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                   }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -53668,11 +34478,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "child": 6
+                  }
+                }
               }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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@@ -53724,26 +34537,26 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  ]
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "keys": [
+                      {
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+                        "expr": {
+                          "Column": 1
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+                    ]
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@@ -53795,14 +34608,15 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                  "kind": "limit",
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-                  "offset": 0,
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-                  ]
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "offset": 0,
+                    "partition_by": [
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+                    ]
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@@ -54203,7 +35017,6 @@
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@@ -54255,64 +35068,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      },
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+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
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+                        {
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-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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@@ -54364,19 +35176,19 @@
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-                    "secs": 60
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@@ -54428,25 +35240,25 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                    "measures": [
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+                  }
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@@ -54481,30 +35293,30 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                  "kind": "aggregate",
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+                "NonASAP": {
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@@ -54556,64 +35368,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      },
-                      {
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+                        {
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+                        {
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                         },
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-                        "nullable": false,
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+                        {
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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@@ -54665,19 +35476,19 @@
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@@ -54729,38 +35540,26 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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@@ -54808,47 +35607,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "category": "TopK",
-                      "params": {
-                        "CmsWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 7,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 272
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
+                          }
+                        },
+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
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+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": {
+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
+                      },
+                      "weight": {
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+                      },
+                      "weight_domain": {
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                       }
                     },
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-                "filter": null,
-                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                "input": {
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+                    "reduction": {
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+                      ]
                     }
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@@ -54892,10 +35694,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "summary_estimate",
-                "query": {
-                  "TopK": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                      }
+                    },
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                   }
                 }
               }
@@ -55355,7 +36161,6 @@
           ],
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@@ -55407,64 +36212,63 @@
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+                        {
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+                        {
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-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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+                          0
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@@ -55516,19 +36320,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "NonASAP": {
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@@ -55580,25 +36384,25 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "measures": [
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@@ -55633,30 +36437,30 @@
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@@ -55708,64 +36512,63 @@
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@@ -55817,31 +36620,19 @@
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@@ -55896,29 +36687,32 @@
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@@ -55970,23 +36764,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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@@ -56034,47 +36819,50 @@
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-                      "params": {
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 272
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "category": "TopK",
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                         }
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@@ -56118,10 +36906,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -56523,7 +37315,6 @@
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@@ -56575,64 +37366,63 @@
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@@ -56684,89 +37474,89 @@
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@@ -56801,30 +37591,30 @@
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@@ -56876,64 +37666,63 @@
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+                        {
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@@ -56985,19 +37774,19 @@
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@@ -57049,38 +37838,26 @@
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@@ -57128,47 +37905,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "params": {
-                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 125,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
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@@ -57212,10 +37992,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
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-                  "TopK": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                      }
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                   }
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@@ -57675,7 +38459,6 @@
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@@ -57727,64 +38510,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      },
-                      {
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+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
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-                          "Plain": "utf8"
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-                      {
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+                        {
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+                            "Plain": "utf8"
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+                          "name": "job",
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-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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@@ -57836,19 +38618,19 @@
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-                    "secs": 60
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@@ -57900,25 +38682,25 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -57953,30 +38735,30 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -58028,64 +38810,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
-                          "Plain": "float64"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
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-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
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-                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        {
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-                      },
-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
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+                        {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
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                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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+                        }
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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@@ -58133,112 +38914,103 @@
                 ]
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               "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
+                "primitive": "Raw",
+                "timing": "query_time"
+              },
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+                    "kind": "range",
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+                      "secs": 60
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                 "timing": "query_time"
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                       "ExactAggregate": [
                         "Sum",
                         "Sum"
                       ]
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -58290,23 +39062,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -58354,47 +39117,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "params": {
-                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 125,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
+                          }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": {
+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
+                      },
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                       }
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-                "input": {
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-                    "Column": {
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+                    "reduction": {
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@@ -58438,10 +39204,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
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-                "query": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                      }
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                   }
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@@ -58905,7 +39675,6 @@
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@@ -58957,64 +39726,63 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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@@ -59066,31 +39834,19 @@
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-                  "range": {
-                    "nanos": 0,
-                    "secs": 60
-                  },
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
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+                      "secs": 60
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@@ -59145,29 +39901,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "weight": {
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-                  "weight_domain": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                      "weight": {
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                   }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -59219,11 +39978,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "child": 2
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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@@ -59258,30 +40020,30 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "having": null,
-                  "kind": "aggregate",
-                  "measures": [
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-                      "kind": "sum"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "filters": [],
+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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@@ -59333,64 +40095,63 @@
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-                        "table": null
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-                      {
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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@@ -59442,19 +40203,19 @@
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@@ -59506,26 +40267,26 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -59577,85 +40338,86 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -60176,7 +40938,6 @@
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@@ -60228,64 +40989,63 @@
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@@ -60337,31 +41097,19 @@
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@@ -60416,29 +41164,32 @@
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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@@ -60490,11 +41241,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -60529,30 +41283,30 @@
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@@ -60604,64 +41358,63 @@
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+                        {
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@@ -60713,31 +41466,19 @@
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@@ -60792,29 +41533,32 @@
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -60866,11 +41610,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -60922,26 +41669,26 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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@@ -60993,14 +41740,15 @@
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@@ -61459,7 +42207,6 @@
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@@ -61511,64 +42258,63 @@
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                        {
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@@ -61620,31 +42366,19 @@
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@@ -61699,29 +42433,32 @@
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@@ -61773,11 +42510,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
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@@ -61812,30 +42552,30 @@
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@@ -61887,64 +42627,63 @@
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+                        {
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@@ -61996,19 +42735,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -62060,38 +42799,26 @@
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@@ -62139,47 +42866,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "category": "TopK",
-                      "params": {
-                        "CmsWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 7,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 272
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
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@@ -62223,10 +42953,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
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-                  "TopK": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                      }
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                   }
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@@ -62744,7 +43478,6 @@
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@@ -62796,64 +43529,63 @@
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-                        "nullable": false,
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+                        {
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+                          },
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@@ -62905,31 +43637,19 @@
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@@ -62984,29 +43704,32 @@
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
+                    },
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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                   }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -63058,11 +43781,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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+                  }
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             {
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@@ -63097,30 +43823,30 @@
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@@ -63172,64 +43898,63 @@
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-                      },
-                      {
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                          "dtype": {
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+                          },
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+                        {
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+                        {
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                         },
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-                        "nullable": false,
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+                        {
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+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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@@ -63281,31 +44006,19 @@
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@@ -63360,29 +44073,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "weight": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Sum"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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                   }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -63434,23 +44150,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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             {
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@@ -63498,47 +44205,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "category": "TopK",
-                      "params": {
-                        "CmsWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 7,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 272
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
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                       }
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-                "input": {
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-                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                    "reduction": {
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@@ -63582,10 +44292,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "summary_estimate",
-                "query": {
-                  "TopK": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                      "TopK": {
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+                      }
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                   }
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@@ -64045,7 +44759,6 @@
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@@ -64097,64 +44810,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      },
-                      {
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+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
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-                      },
-                      {
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-                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        {
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-                      },
-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
-                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        {
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+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
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                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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                       }
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@@ -64202,112 +44914,103 @@
                 ]
               },
               "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
+                "primitive": "Raw",
+                "timing": "query_time"
+              },
+              "payload": {
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+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
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                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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                       "ExactAggregate": [
                         "Rate",
                         "Rate"
                       ]
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                   }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -64359,11 +45062,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -64398,30 +45104,30 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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@@ -64473,64 +45179,63 @@
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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+                          0
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@@ -64582,19 +45287,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "kind": "time_range",
-                  "range": {
-                    "nanos": 0,
-                    "secs": 60
-                  },
-                  "range_kind": "range"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
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+                    }
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@@ -64646,38 +45351,26 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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@@ -64725,47 +45418,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "params": {
-                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 125,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
+                          }
+                        },
+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
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+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": {
+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
+                      },
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+                      },
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                       }
                     },
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-                "filter": null,
-                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                "input": {
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-                    "Column": {
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+                    "reduction": {
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@@ -64809,10 +45505,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "summary_estimate",
-                "query": {
-                  "TopK": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "query": {
+                      "TopK": {
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+                      }
+                    },
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                   }
                 }
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@@ -65330,7 +46030,6 @@
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@@ -65382,64 +46081,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                      "fields": [
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+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
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                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        }
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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+                          0
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                       }
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@@ -65491,31 +46189,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "range": {
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-                    "secs": 60
-                  },
-                  "range_kind": "range"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
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+                    }
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             {
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@@ -65570,29 +46256,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "weight": {
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-                  },
-                  "weight_domain": {
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+                "ASAP": {
+                  "SummaryAgg": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                      "weight": {
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                   }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -65644,11 +46333,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
+                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
+                    "child": 2
+                  }
+                }
               }
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             {
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@@ -65683,30 +46375,30 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "kind": "aggregate",
-                  "measures": [
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-                      "kind": "sum"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "having": null,
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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@@ -65758,140 +46450,127 @@
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@@ -65946,29 +46625,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -66020,23 +46702,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -66084,47 +46757,50 @@
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-                      "params": {
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-                          "depth": 125,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
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+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
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+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
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@@ -66168,10 +46844,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -66618,7 +47298,6 @@
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@@ -66670,64 +47349,63 @@
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+                        {
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@@ -66779,19 +47457,19 @@
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@@ -66843,37 +47521,25 @@
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@@ -66911,33 +47577,36 @@
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -66972,11 +47641,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -67028,64 +47700,63 @@
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                        {
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@@ -67137,90 +47808,90 @@
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@@ -67272,26 +47943,26 @@
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@@ -67343,14 +48014,15 @@
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@@ -67854,7 +48526,6 @@
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@@ -67906,64 +48577,63 @@
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                       }
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@@ -68015,19 +48685,19 @@
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@@ -68079,37 +48749,25 @@
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@@ -68147,33 +48805,36 @@
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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@@ -68208,11 +48869,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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@@ -68264,64 +48928,63 @@
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@@ -68373,31 +49036,19 @@
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@@ -68452,29 +49103,32 @@
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@@ -68526,11 +49180,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -68582,26 +49239,26 @@
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@@ -68653,14 +49310,15 @@
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@@ -69102,7 +49760,6 @@
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@@ -69154,64 +49811,63 @@
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                        {
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@@ -69263,19 +49919,19 @@
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@@ -69327,37 +49983,25 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "measures": [
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@@ -69395,33 +50039,36 @@
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-                  "weight": {
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-                  },
-                  "weight_domain": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Sum"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                      "weight": {
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@@ -69456,11 +50103,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -69512,64 +50162,63 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                        {
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+                        {
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@@ -69621,19 +50270,19 @@
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@@ -69685,38 +50334,26 @@
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@@ -69764,47 +50401,50 @@
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-                      "params": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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                         }
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@@ -69848,10 +50488,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -70352,7 +50996,6 @@
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@@ -70404,64 +51047,63 @@
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+                        {
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@@ -70513,19 +51155,19 @@
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@@ -70577,37 +51219,25 @@
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@@ -70645,33 +51275,36 @@
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@@ -70706,11 +51339,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -70762,64 +51398,63 @@
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@@ -70871,31 +51506,19 @@
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@@ -70950,29 +51573,32 @@
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@@ -71024,23 +51650,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -71088,47 +51705,50 @@
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-                      "params": {
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 272
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
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                         }
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@@ -71172,10 +51792,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -71618,7 +52242,6 @@
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@@ -71670,64 +52293,63 @@
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                        {
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@@ -71779,19 +52401,19 @@
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@@ -71843,37 +52465,25 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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@@ -71911,33 +52521,36 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -71972,11 +52585,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -72028,64 +52644,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
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+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
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-                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        {
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-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
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+                        {
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+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
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                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
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+                        }
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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@@ -72137,19 +52752,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "kind": "time_range",
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-                    "secs": 60
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@@ -72201,38 +52816,26 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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             {
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@@ -72280,47 +52883,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                      "params": {
-                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 125,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "child": 7,
+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
+                          }
+                        },
+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
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+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": {
+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
+                      },
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+                        "Column": "SampleValue"
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                       }
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+                    "reduction": {
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@@ -72364,10 +52970,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "summary_estimate",
-                "query": {
-                  "TopK": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "query": {
+                      "TopK": {
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+                      }
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                   }
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@@ -72868,7 +53478,6 @@
           ],
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@@ -72920,64 +53529,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                        {
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+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
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-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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@@ -73029,19 +53637,19 @@
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@@ -73093,37 +53701,25 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
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@@ -73161,33 +53757,36 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "weight": {
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-                  "weight_domain": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -73222,11 +53821,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -73278,64 +53880,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      },
-                      {
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
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+                        {
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-                        "name": "job",
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-                      {
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+                        {
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+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
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                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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@@ -73387,176 +53988,158 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                    "time_ms": null
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
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+                  {
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+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
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+                    "name": "state",
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+                    "table": null
+                  },
+                  {
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+                "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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+                        "Sum"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                      "weight": {
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@@ -73604,47 +54187,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "category": "TopK",
-                      "params": {
-                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 125,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": {
+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
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                       }
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@@ -73688,10 +54274,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "summary_estimate",
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                      }
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                   }
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@@ -74196,7 +54786,6 @@
           ],
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@@ -74248,64 +54837,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
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-                        "table": null
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
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                         },
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-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
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+                        }
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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                       }
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@@ -74357,31 +54945,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -74436,29 +55012,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
+                    },
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                      "weight": {
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                   }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -74510,23 +55089,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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+                  }
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             {
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@@ -74564,33 +55134,36 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "weight": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                      ]
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -74625,11 +55198,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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+                  }
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@@ -74681,64 +55257,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      },
-                      {
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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+                        {
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                         },
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-                      {
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+                        {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
+                          "table": null
                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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                       }
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@@ -74790,19 +55365,19 @@
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-                    "secs": 60
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
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+                      "secs": 60
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@@ -74854,26 +55429,26 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "kind": "sum"
-                    }
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-                  "output_names": [
-                    ""
-                  ],
-                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "filters": [],
+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
+                      {
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+                        "kind": "sum"
+                      }
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+                    "output_names": [
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+                    ],
+                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                  }
                 }
               }
             },
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -74925,26 +55500,26 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                      "nulls_first": false
-                    }
-                  ],
-                  "kind": "sort",
-                  "partition_by": [
-                    2
-                  ]
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "keys": [
+                      {
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+                        "expr": {
+                          "Column": 1
+                        },
+                        "nulls_first": false
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+                      2
+                    ]
+                  }
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -74996,14 +55571,15 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                "operator": {
-                  "kind": "limit",
-                  "n": 10,
-                  "offset": 0,
-                  "partition_by": [
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-                  ]
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "n": 10,
+                    "offset": 0,
+                    "partition_by": [
+                      2
+                    ]
+                  }
                 }
               }
             }
@@ -75565,7 +56141,6 @@
           ],
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@@ -75617,64 +56192,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
+                          "name": "ts",
+                          "nullable": false,
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                         },
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-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
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+                        {
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+                          "name": "value",
+                          "nullable": false,
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-                        "name": "job",
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-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
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+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
+                          "table": null
                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        }
+                      ],
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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+                          3,
+                          0
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                       }
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@@ -75726,31 +56300,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "range": {
-                    "nanos": 0,
-                    "secs": 60
-                  },
-                  "range_kind": "range"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
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@@ -75805,29 +56367,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                  "weight": {
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-                  },
-                  "weight_domain": {
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+                "ASAP": {
+                  "SummaryAgg": {
+                    "child": 1,
+                    "family": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                      "weight": {
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+                      "weight_domain": {
+                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
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+                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
                   }
-                },
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-                "reduction": "PerEntity"
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -75879,23 +56444,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
+                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
+                    "child": 2
+                  }
+                }
               }
             },
             {
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@@ -75933,33 +56489,36 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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@@ -75994,11 +56553,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -76050,64 +56612,63 @@
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+                        {
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@@ -76159,31 +56720,19 @@
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@@ -76238,29 +56787,32 @@
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@@ -76312,11 +56864,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
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@@ -76368,26 +56923,26 @@
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@@ -76439,14 +56994,15 @@
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+                    "partition_by": [
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@@ -76946,7 +57502,6 @@
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@@ -76998,64 +57553,63 @@
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+                        {
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+                        {
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@@ -77107,31 +57661,19 @@
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@@ -77186,29 +57728,32 @@
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -77260,23 +57805,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -77314,33 +57850,36 @@
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@@ -77375,11 +57914,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -77431,64 +57973,63 @@
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
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@@ -77540,19 +58081,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -77604,38 +58145,26 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "output_names": [
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-                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "filters": [],
+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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+                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
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                 }
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             {
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@@ -77683,47 +58212,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                      "category": "TopK",
-                      "params": {
-                        "CmsWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 7,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 272
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
+                          }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
+                      },
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                       }
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-                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                "input": {
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+                    "reduction": {
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@@ -77767,10 +58299,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "TopK": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                      }
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                   }
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@@ -78329,7 +58865,6 @@
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@@ -78381,64 +58916,63 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                      "fields": [
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-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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@@ -78490,31 +59024,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                    "secs": 60
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@@ -78569,29 +59091,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                      "weight": {
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                   }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -78643,23 +59168,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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               }
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             {
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@@ -78697,33 +59213,36 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -78758,11 +59277,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -78814,64 +59336,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      },
-                      {
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+                          "dtype": {
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                          "name": "job",
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-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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@@ -78923,176 +59444,158 @@
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@@ -79140,47 +59643,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "params": {
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-                          "depth": 7,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 272
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
+                          }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
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+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": {
+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
+                      },
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                       }
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-                "input": {
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+                    "reduction": {
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@@ -79224,10 +59730,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
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-                "query": {
-                  "TopK": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                      }
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                   }
                 }
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@@ -79728,7 +60238,6 @@
           ],
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@@ -79780,64 +60289,63 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                        {
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+                        {
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                         },
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-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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@@ -79889,31 +60397,19 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
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@@ -79968,29 +60464,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "weight": {
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-                  "weight_domain": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -80042,23 +60541,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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             {
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@@ -80096,33 +60586,36 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "weight": {
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-                  },
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-                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                      "weight": {
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -80157,11 +60650,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -80213,64 +60709,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
+                          "name": "ts",
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+                        {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "value",
+                          "nullable": false,
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-                      {
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-                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
+                          "table": null
                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        }
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+                      "unique_keys": [
+                        [
+                          3,
+                          0
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                       }
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@@ -80322,19 +60817,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "kind": "time_range",
-                  "range": {
-                    "nanos": 0,
-                    "secs": 60
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-                  "range_kind": "range"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                      "secs": 60
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@@ -80386,38 +60881,26 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "output_names": [
-                    ""
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-                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
+                      {
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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             {
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@@ -80465,47 +60948,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                      "category": "TopK",
-                      "params": {
-                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 125,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "child": 8,
+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
+                          }
+                        },
+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
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+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": {
+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
+                      },
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                       }
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-                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                "input": {
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+                    "reduction": {
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@@ -80549,10 +61035,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "summary_estimate",
-                "query": {
-                  "TopK": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "query": {
+                      "TopK": {
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+                      }
+                    },
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                   }
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@@ -81111,7 +61601,6 @@
           ],
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@@ -81163,64 +61652,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                      "fields": [
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+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
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                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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@@ -81272,31 +61760,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "range": {
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+                "NonASAP": {
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@@ -81351,29 +61827,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "weight": {
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+                "ASAP": {
+                  "SummaryAgg": {
+                    "child": 1,
+                    "family": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                      "weight": {
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                   }
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-                "reduction": "PerEntity"
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -81425,23 +61904,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "child": 2
+                  }
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               }
             },
             {
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@@ -81479,33 +61949,36 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "weight": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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+                        "Sum"
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+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                      "weight": {
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -81540,11 +62013,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
+                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
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+                  }
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               }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -81596,64 +62072,63 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
+                          "name": "ts",
+                          "nullable": false,
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                         },
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-                        "table": null
-                      },
-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
-                          "Plain": "utf8"
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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+                          },
+                          "name": "value",
+                          "nullable": false,
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                         },
-                        "name": "job",
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-                        "table": null
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-                      {
-                        "dtype": {
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+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
+                          "table": null
                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        }
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+                      "unique_keys": [
+                        [
+                          3,
+                          0
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                       }
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@@ -81705,31 +62180,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "kind": "time_range",
-                  "range": {
-                    "nanos": 0,
-                    "secs": 60
-                  },
-                  "range_kind": "range"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
+                    "range": {
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+                      "secs": 60
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@@ -81784,29 +62247,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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-                  "item": null,
-                  "weight": {
-                    "Column": "SampleValue"
-                  },
-                  "weight_domain": {
-                    "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
+                "ASAP": {
+                  "SummaryAgg": {
+                    "child": 7,
+                    "family": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": null,
+                      "weight": {
+                        "Column": "SampleValue"
+                      },
+                      "weight_domain": {
+                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
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                   }
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-                "reduction": "PerEntity"
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -81858,23 +62324,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
+                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
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+                  }
+                }
               }
             },
             {
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -81922,47 +62379,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                      "category": "TopK",
-                      "params": {
-                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 125,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
+                          }
+                        },
+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": {
+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
+                      },
+                      "weight": {
+                        "Column": "SampleValue"
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+                      "weight_domain": {
+                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
                       }
                     },
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-                "filter": null,
-                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                "input": {
-                  "item": {
-                    "Column": {
-                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
+                    "reduction": {
+                      "Reduce": [
+                        2
+                      ]
                     }
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-                  "weight": {
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -82006,10 +62466,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "summary_estimate",
-                "query": {
-                  "TopK": {
-                    "k": 10
+                "ASAP": {
+                  "SummaryEstimate": {
+                    "query": {
+                      "TopK": {
+                        "k": 10
+                      }
+                    },
+                    "summary_input": 10
                   }
                 }
               }
@@ -82133,67 +62597,12 @@
                   ]
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               "role": "Input",
               "window": "NotApplicable"
             },
             {
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               "data_state": {
                 "primitive": "Raw",
                 "timing": "query_time"
@@ -82243,12 +62652,12 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 1,
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               "role": "Input",
               "window": "NotApplicable"
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 5,
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               "data_state": {
                 "primitive": "Raw",
                 "timing": "query_time"
@@ -82298,12 +62707,12 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 4,
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               "role": "Input",
               "window": "NotApplicable"
             },
             {
-              "consumer": 6,
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               "data_state": {
                 "primitive": "Raw",
                 "timing": "query_time"
@@ -82353,17 +62762,18 @@
                   ]
                 ]
               },
-              "producer": 5,
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               "role": "Input",
               "window": "NotApplicable"
-            }
-          ],
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             {
-              "coverage": null,
-              "guarantee": null,
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-              "output_schema": {
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                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -82407,71 +62817,15 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-                    "TimeSeries": {
-                      "metric": "http_requests_total"
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            },
+              "producer": 5,
+              "role": "Input",
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+          ],
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
@@ -82521,21 +62875,65 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "kind": "time_range",
-                  "range": {
-                    "nanos": 0,
-                    "secs": 60
-                  },
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+                      "closed": true,
+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
+                          },
+                          "name": "ts",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "float64"
+                          },
+                          "name": "value",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
+                          "table": null
+                        }
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+                      "unique_keys": [
+                        [
+                          3,
+                          0
+                        ]
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               "guarantee": null,
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@@ -82585,85 +62983,21 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "kind": "range",
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                     }
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                   }
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             },
             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
@@ -82713,47 +63047,30 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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-                      "kind": "sum"
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-                  "output_names": [
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-                  "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "filters": [],
+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
+                      {
+                        "kind": "rate"
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+                    ],
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                 }
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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               "output_schema": {
                 "closed": true,
                 "fields": [
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                     "dtype": {
                       "Plain": "utf8"
@@ -82764,17 +63081,16 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "Plain": "float64"
                     },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                    "name": "sum",
                     "nullable": false,
                     "table": null
                   }
                 ],
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                 "unique_keys": [
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                     0
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@@ -82784,28 +63100,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "expr": {
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-                      },
-                      "nulls_first": false
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "filters": [],
+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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-                  "kind": "sort",
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             {
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               "guarantee": null,
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+              "id": 4,
               "output_schema": {
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                 "fields": [
@@ -82855,93 +63175,29 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                "operator": {
-                  "kind": "limit",
-                  "n": 10,
-                  "offset": 0,
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-                    2
-                  ]
+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "filters": [],
+                    "having": null,
+                    "measures": [
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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+                    "reduction": "PerEntity"
+                  }
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+              "guarantee": null,
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+              "output_schema": {
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                   {
@@ -82985,18 +63241,34 @@
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-              "data_state": {
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                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
-              "grouping": "NotApplicable",
-              "intermediate_schema": {
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+                    "keys": [
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+                        "expr": {
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -83040,12 +63312,38 @@
                   ]
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-              "producer": 2,
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-              "window": "NotApplicable"
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+              "output_state": {
+                "primitive": "Raw",
+                "timing": "query_time"
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+                    "offset": 0,
+                    "partition_by": [
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               "data_state": {
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@@ -83095,14 +63393,14 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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             {
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                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "grouping": "NotApplicable",
@@ -83119,12 +63417,9 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
+                      "Plain": "float64"
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@@ -83153,12 +63448,12 @@
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@@ -83208,12 +63503,12 @@
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                 "timing": "query_time"
@@ -83263,17 +63558,18 @@
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -83286,9 +63582,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
+                      ]
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@@ -83317,72 +63616,18 @@
                   ]
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+              "role": "Input",
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-              "guarantee": null,
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                 "fields": [
                   {
@@ -83426,27 +63671,18 @@
                   ]
                 ]
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-              "output_state": {
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+              "role": "Input",
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+              "data_state": {
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                 "timing": "query_time"
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-              "output_schema": {
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@@ -83490,102 +63726,15 @@
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@@ -83599,12 +63748,9 @@
                   },
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-                        "Sum"
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@@ -83634,35 +63780,69 @@
                 ]
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@@ -83712,13 +63892,21 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -83768,28 +63956,165 @@
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@@ -83839,14 +64164,145 @@
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@@ -84192,7 +64648,6 @@
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@@ -84244,64 +64699,63 @@
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@@ -84353,19 +64807,19 @@
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@@ -84417,25 +64871,25 @@
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@@ -84470,30 +64924,30 @@
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@@ -84545,38 +64999,26 @@
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@@ -84624,47 +65066,50 @@
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-                      "params": {
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 272
+                "ASAP": {
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+                              "width": 272
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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@@ -84708,10 +65153,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -85116,7 +65565,6 @@
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@@ -85168,64 +65616,63 @@
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@@ -85277,19 +65724,19 @@
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@@ -85341,25 +65788,25 @@
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@@ -85394,42 +65841,30 @@
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@@ -85484,29 +65919,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -85558,23 +65996,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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@@ -85622,47 +66051,50 @@
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+                "ASAP": {
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                         }
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@@ -85706,10 +66138,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -86056,7 +66492,6 @@
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@@ -86108,64 +66543,63 @@
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@@ -86217,19 +66651,19 @@
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@@ -86281,25 +66715,25 @@
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@@ -86334,30 +66768,30 @@
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@@ -86409,38 +66843,26 @@
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@@ -86488,47 +66910,50 @@
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-                      "params": {
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
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@@ -86572,10 +66997,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -86980,7 +67409,6 @@
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@@ -87032,64 +67460,63 @@
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+                          "dtype": {
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                          },
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@@ -87141,19 +67568,19 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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@@ -87205,25 +67632,25 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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@@ -87258,42 +67685,30 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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@@ -87348,32 +67763,258 @@
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                   {
@@ -87417,121 +68058,36 @@
                   ]
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@@ -87547,54 +68103,24 @@
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@@ -87611,9 +68137,12 @@
                   },
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@@ -87642,12 +68171,12 @@
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@@ -87697,14 +68226,14 @@
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@@ -87721,12 +68250,9 @@
                   },
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@@ -87755,12 +68281,12 @@
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@@ -87810,12 +68336,12 @@
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@@ -87865,18 +68391,16 @@
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@@ -87920,18 +68444,71 @@
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@@ -87975,16 +68552,26 @@
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@@ -87998,9 +68585,12 @@
                   },
                   {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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@@ -88030,70 +68620,38 @@
                 ]
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -88143,164 +68701,14 @@
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -88335,30 +68743,30 @@
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@@ -88410,26 +68818,26 @@
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@@ -88481,26 +68889,26 @@
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@@ -88552,14 +68960,15 @@
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@@ -89025,7 +69434,6 @@
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@@ -89077,64 +69485,63 @@
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+                        {
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@@ -89186,31 +69593,19 @@
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@@ -89265,29 +69660,32 @@
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@@ -89339,11 +69737,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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@@ -89378,42 +69779,30 @@
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@@ -89468,29 +69857,32 @@
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@@ -89542,11 +69934,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -90080,7 +70476,6 @@
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@@ -90132,64 +70527,63 @@
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+                        {
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@@ -90241,31 +70635,19 @@
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@@ -90320,29 +70702,32 @@
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@@ -90394,11 +70779,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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@@ -90433,30 +70821,30 @@
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@@ -90508,38 +70896,26 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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@@ -90587,47 +70963,50 @@
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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                         }
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@@ -90671,10 +71050,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -90803,7 +71186,175 @@
               "window": "NotApplicable"
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@@ -90823,8 +71374,8 @@
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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-                        "Rate",
-                        "Rate"
+                        "Sum",
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@@ -90856,12 +71407,12 @@
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@@ -90911,36 +71462,20 @@
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@@ -90951,33 +71486,43 @@
                   },
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+                          "category": "TopK",
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
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@@ -90990,12 +71535,9 @@
                   },
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-                        "Sum",
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@@ -91024,18 +71566,71 @@
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@@ -91079,67 +71674,26 @@
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                 "fields": [
@@ -91153,9 +71707,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Rate",
+                        "Rate"
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                     "table": null
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@@ -91185,70 +71742,38 @@
                 ]
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               "output_state": {
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-                        "table": null
+                "ASAP": {
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                       },
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-                        "dtype": {
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-                        },
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-                        "nullable": false,
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                       }
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                 "fields": [
@@ -91298,55 +71823,19 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -91357,51 +71846,51 @@
                   },
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                     0
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                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                    "filters": [],
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+                    "measures": [
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+                        "kind": "sum"
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                 "fields": [
@@ -91415,9 +71904,12 @@
                   },
                   {
                     "dtype": {
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+                      "ExactAggregate": [
+                        "Sum",
+                        "Sum"
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@@ -91447,162 +71939,36 @@
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -91654,23 +72020,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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             {
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@@ -91718,47 +72075,50 @@
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-                      "params": {
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-                          "depth": 7,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 272
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
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@@ -91802,10 +72162,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -92210,7 +72574,6 @@
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@@ -92262,64 +72625,63 @@
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+                        {
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@@ -92371,31 +72733,19 @@
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@@ -92450,29 +72800,32 @@
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@@ -92524,11 +72877,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
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@@ -92563,30 +72919,30 @@
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@@ -92638,38 +72994,26 @@
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@@ -92717,47 +73061,50 @@
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-                      "params": {
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
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+                          "params": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
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@@ -92801,10 +73148,14 @@
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -93267,7 +73618,6 @@
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@@ -93319,64 +73669,63 @@
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+                        {
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@@ -93428,31 +73777,19 @@
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@@ -93507,29 +73844,32 @@
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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@@ -93581,11 +73921,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -93620,42 +73963,30 @@
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@@ -93710,29 +74041,32 @@
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@@ -93784,23 +74118,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -93848,47 +74173,50 @@
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-                      "params": {
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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                         }
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@@ -93932,10 +74260,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -94327,7 +74659,6 @@
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@@ -94379,64 +74710,63 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                        {
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@@ -94488,19 +74818,19 @@
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@@ -94552,37 +74882,25 @@
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@@ -94620,33 +74938,36 @@
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@@ -94681,11 +75002,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -94737,26 +75061,26 @@
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@@ -94808,26 +75132,26 @@
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@@ -94879,14 +75203,15 @@
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@@ -95335,7 +75660,6 @@
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@@ -95387,64 +75711,63 @@
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@@ -95496,19 +75819,19 @@
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@@ -95560,37 +75883,25 @@
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@@ -95628,33 +75939,36 @@
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@@ -95689,23 +76003,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -95760,29 +76065,32 @@
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@@ -95834,11 +76142,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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@@ -95890,26 +76201,26 @@
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@@ -95961,14 +76272,15 @@
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@@ -96355,7 +76667,6 @@
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@@ -96407,64 +76718,63 @@
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+                        {
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@@ -96516,19 +76826,19 @@
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@@ -96580,37 +76890,25 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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@@ -96648,33 +76946,36 @@
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -96709,11 +77010,14 @@
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@@ -96765,38 +77069,26 @@
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@@ -96844,47 +77136,50 @@
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-                      "category": "TopK",
-                      "params": {
-                        "CmsWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 7,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 272
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
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+                              "depth": 7,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
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-                      "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
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+                      "Reduce": [
+                        2
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@@ -96928,10 +77223,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                      }
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                   }
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@@ -97377,7 +77676,6 @@
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@@ -97429,210 +77727,197 @@
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+                          },
+                          "name": "job",
+                          "nullable": true,
+                          "table": null
+                        },
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
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+                          3,
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@@ -97670,33 +77955,36 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Sum"
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -97731,23 +78019,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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             {
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@@ -97802,29 +78081,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "weight": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Sum"
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                   }
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               "output_schema": {
@@ -97876,23 +78158,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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             {
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@@ -97940,47 +78213,50 @@
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-                      "category": "TopK",
-                      "params": {
-                        "CmsWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 7,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 272
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CmsWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CmsWithHeap": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 272
+                            }
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
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+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
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@@ -98024,10 +78300,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
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-                "query": {
-                  "TopK": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                      }
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                   }
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@@ -98415,7 +78695,6 @@
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@@ -98467,64 +78746,63 @@
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-                        "table": null
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-                      {
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+                "NonASAP": {
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+                          "dtype": {
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+                          },
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-                      },
-                      {
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+                        {
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+                        {
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                         },
-                        "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
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+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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@@ -98576,19 +78854,19 @@
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+                "NonASAP": {
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@@ -98640,37 +78918,25 @@
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@@ -98708,33 +78974,36 @@
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@@ -98769,11 +79038,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -98825,38 +79097,26 @@
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@@ -98904,47 +79164,50 @@
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-                      "params": {
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "category": "TopK",
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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                         }
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@@ -98988,10 +79251,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -99437,7 +79704,6 @@
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@@ -99489,64 +79755,63 @@
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                        {
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+                          },
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@@ -99598,19 +79863,19 @@
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@@ -99662,37 +79927,25 @@
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@@ -99730,33 +79983,36 @@
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@@ -99791,23 +80047,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -99862,29 +80109,32 @@
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@@ -99936,23 +80186,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -100000,47 +80241,50 @@
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-                      "params": {
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-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
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+                          "params": {
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+                              "heap_size": 100,
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                         }
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@@ -100084,10 +80328,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -100537,7 +80785,6 @@
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@@ -100589,140 +80836,127 @@
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@@ -100777,29 +81011,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -100851,23 +81088,14 @@
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@@ -100905,33 +81133,36 @@
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@@ -100966,11 +81197,14 @@
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@@ -101164,14 +81398,15 @@
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@@ -101678,7 +81913,6 @@
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@@ -101730,64 +81964,63 @@
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@@ -101992,23 +82216,14 @@
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@@ -102046,33 +82261,36 @@
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@@ -102107,23 +82325,14 @@
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@@ -102252,11 +82464,14 @@
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@@ -102831,7 +83047,6 @@
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@@ -102992,31 +83206,19 @@
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@@ -103071,29 +83273,32 @@
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@@ -103145,23 +83350,14 @@
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@@ -103199,33 +83395,36 @@
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@@ -103260,11 +83459,14 @@
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@@ -103316,38 +83518,26 @@
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@@ -103395,47 +83585,50 @@
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@@ -103479,10 +83672,14 @@
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@@ -103986,7 +84183,6 @@
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@@ -104038,64 +84234,63 @@
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@@ -104147,31 +84342,19 @@
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@@ -104226,29 +84409,32 @@
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@@ -104300,23 +84486,14 @@
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@@ -104354,33 +84531,36 @@
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@@ -104415,23 +84595,14 @@
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@@ -104486,29 +84657,32 @@
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@@ -104560,23 +84734,14 @@
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@@ -104624,47 +84789,50 @@
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@@ -104708,10 +84876,14 @@
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@@ -105157,7 +85329,6 @@
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@@ -105209,64 +85380,63 @@
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@@ -105318,31 +85488,19 @@
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@@ -105397,29 +85555,32 @@
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@@ -105471,23 +85632,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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@@ -105525,33 +85677,36 @@
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@@ -105586,11 +85741,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
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@@ -105642,38 +85800,26 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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@@ -105721,47 +85867,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "params": {
-                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 125,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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                         }
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@@ -105805,10 +85954,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -106312,7 +86465,6 @@
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@@ -106364,64 +86516,63 @@
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+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "timestamp"
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+                        {
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+                          "nullable": false,
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+                        {
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+                          "name": "job",
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                         },
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-                        "nullable": false,
-                        "table": null
+                        {
+                          "dtype": {
+                            "Plain": "utf8"
+                          },
+                          "name": "$promql_series_identity",
+                          "nullable": false,
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+                      "unique_keys": [
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@@ -106473,31 +86624,19 @@
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+                    "kind": "range",
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@@ -106552,29 +86691,32 @@
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
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+                        "Rate"
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+                    },
+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                      "weight": {
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                   }
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@@ -106626,23 +86768,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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@@ -106680,33 +86813,36 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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+                    "family": {
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+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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@@ -106741,23 +86877,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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+                  }
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             {
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@@ -106812,29 +86939,32 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                  "weight": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "child": 1,
+                    "family": {
+                      "ExactAggregate": [
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+                        "Sum"
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+                    },
+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
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+                      "weight": {
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@@ -106886,23 +87016,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "finalize_exact_accumulator"
+                "ASAP": {
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+                  }
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@@ -106950,47 +87071,50 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
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-                      "params": {
-                        "CountSketchWithHeap": {
-                          "depth": 125,
-                          "heap_size": 100,
-                          "width": 30000
+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "family": {
+                      "Sketch": [
+                        {
+                          "algorithm": "CountSketchWithHeap",
+                          "category": "TopK",
+                          "params": {
+                            "CountSketchWithHeap": {
+                              "depth": 125,
+                              "heap_size": 100,
+                              "width": 30000
+                            }
+                          }
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+                        "PerSubpopulationInstance"
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "filter": null,
+                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+                    "input": {
+                      "item": {
+                        "Column": {
+                          "Named": "$promql_series_identity"
                         }
+                      },
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-                "filter": null,
-                "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                "input": {
-                  "item": {
-                    "Column": {
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+                    "reduction": {
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+                        2
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@@ -107034,10 +87158,14 @@
                 "timing": "query_time"
               },
               "payload": {
-                "kind": "summary_estimate",
-                "query": {
-                  "TopK": {
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+                "ASAP": {
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+                    "query": {
+                      "TopK": {
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+                      }
+                    },
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                   }
                 }
               }