diff --git a/Strand/App/StrandApp.swift b/Strand/App/StrandApp.swift
index 4413b6dc..08cdbac5 100644
--- a/Strand/App/StrandApp.swift
+++ b/Strand/App/StrandApp.swift
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 import SwiftUI
+#if os(macOS)
+import AppKit
+#endif
 
 @main
 struct StrandApp: App {
+    #if os(macOS)
+    @NSApplicationDelegateAdaptor(SingleInstanceAppDelegate.self) private var singleInstanceDelegate
+    #endif
     @StateObject private var model = AppModel()
 
     var body: some Scene {
@@ -34,3 +40,34 @@ struct StrandApp: App {
         .menuBarExtraStyle(.window)
     }
 }
+
+#if os(macOS)
+final class SingleInstanceAppDelegate: NSObject, NSApplicationDelegate {
+    func applicationWillFinishLaunching(_ notification: Notification) {
+        enforceSingleInstance()
+    }
+
+    private func enforceSingleInstance() {
+        guard !ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment.keys.contains("XCTestConfigurationFilePath") else { return }
+        guard let bundleID = Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier else { return }
+        let currentPID = ProcessInfo.processInfo.processIdentifier
+        let currentURL = Bundle.main.bundleURL.standardizedFileURL
+        let displayName = (Bundle.main.object(forInfoDictionaryKey: "CFBundleDisplayName") as? String)
+            ?? (Bundle.main.object(forInfoDictionaryKey: "CFBundleName") as? String)
+            ?? "NOOP"
+        let installedURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: "/Applications/\(displayName).app").standardizedFileURL
+        let otherApps = NSRunningApplication.runningApplications(withBundleIdentifier: bundleID)
+            .filter { $0.processIdentifier != currentPID }
+        guard !otherApps.isEmpty else { return }
+
+        if currentURL == installedURL {
+            otherApps.forEach { _ = $0.terminate() }
+            return
+        }
+
+        let appToKeep = otherApps.first { $0.bundleURL?.standardizedFileURL == installedURL } ?? otherApps[0]
+        appToKeep.activate(options: [.activateAllWindows, .activateIgnoringOtherApps])
+        NSApp.terminate(nil)
+    }
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/Strand/BLE/BLEManager.swift b/Strand/BLE/BLEManager.swift
index 5d2a439e..742a1195 100644
--- a/Strand/BLE/BLEManager.swift
+++ b/Strand/BLE/BLEManager.swift
@@ -161,6 +161,11 @@ public final class BLEManager: NSObject, ObservableObject {
     private var keepAliveTimer: DispatchSourceTimer?
     static let keepAliveIntervalSeconds = 30
     private var keepAliveTick = 0
+    /// If a persisted/missing strap-family preference points at the wrong service, a service-filtered BLE
+    /// scan can run forever even though the strap is nearby. Rotate between WHOOP families after short
+    /// misses and persist whichever family actually advertises.
+    private var scanFallbackWorkItem: DispatchWorkItem?
+    static let scanFallbackDelaySeconds: TimeInterval = 8
     /// Last time ANY notification arrived — drives the liveness watchdog.
     private var lastDataAt = Date()
     /// True while the Live screen wants the (heavy) realtime stream; keep-alive re-arms it.
@@ -380,15 +385,12 @@ public final class BLEManager: NSObject, ObservableObject {
             }
             return
         }
-        log("Scanning for \(model.displayName)…")
-        central.scanForPeripherals(
-            withServices: [model.scanService],
-            options: [CBCentralManagerScanOptionAllowDuplicatesKey: false]
-        )
+        startScan(for: model, allowFallback: true)
     }
 
     public func disconnect() {
         intentionalDisconnect = true
+        cancelScanFallback()
         // A user-initiated teardown is a clean slate: clear any #80 marginal-radio fallback so the next
         // (manual) reconnect attempts the full R10/R11 stream again rather than inheriting old suspicion.
         marginalRadio.reset()
@@ -1040,6 +1042,37 @@ public final class BLEManager: NSObject, ObservableObject {
         whoop5NotifyCharacteristics.removeAll()
     }
 
+    private func startScan(for model: WhoopModel, allowFallback: Bool) {
+        cancelScanFallback()
+        selectedModel = model
+        reassembler = Reassembler(family: model.deviceFamily)
+        router.family = model.deviceFamily
+        configureCollectorFamily()
+        central.stopScan()
+        log("Scanning for \(model.displayName)…")
+        central.scanForPeripherals(
+            withServices: [model.scanService],
+            options: [CBCentralManagerScanOptionAllowDuplicatesKey: false]
+        )
+        guard allowFallback else { return }
+        let fallback = model.fallbackScanModel
+        let work = DispatchWorkItem { [weak self] in
+            guard let self, self.central.isScanning, !self.state.connected else { return }
+            self.log("No \(model.displayName) found yet — trying \(fallback.displayName)")
+            self.startScan(for: fallback, allowFallback: true)
+        }
+        scanFallbackWorkItem = work
+        DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(
+            deadline: .now() + BLEManager.scanFallbackDelaySeconds,
+            execute: work
+        )
+    }
+
+    private func cancelScanFallback() {
+        scanFallbackWorkItem?.cancel()
+        scanFallbackWorkItem = nil
+    }
+
     private func enableLiveNotifications(reason: String) {
         guard let p = peripheral, p.state == .connected else { return }
         let chars = [
@@ -1194,6 +1227,8 @@ extension BLEManager: CBCentralManagerDelegate {
                                advertisementData: [String: Any],
                                rssi RSSI: NSNumber) {
         let name = (advertisementData[CBAdvertisementDataLocalNameKey] as? String) ?? peripheral.name ?? "unknown"
+        cancelScanFallback()
+        UserDefaults.standard.set(selectedModel.rawValue, forKey: "selectedWhoopModel")
         log("Discovered \(name) (rssi \(RSSI)) — connecting")
         central.stopScan()
         preparePeripheral(peripheral)
@@ -1201,6 +1236,7 @@ extension BLEManager: CBCentralManagerDelegate {
     }
 
     public func centralManager(_ central: CBCentralManager, didConnect peripheral: CBPeripheral) {
+        cancelScanFallback()
         restoredPeripheral = nil
         preparePeripheral(peripheral)
         state.connected = true
diff --git a/Strand/BLE/WhoopModel.swift b/Strand/BLE/WhoopModel.swift
index a27c068e..0c9a499e 100644
--- a/Strand/BLE/WhoopModel.swift
+++ b/Strand/BLE/WhoopModel.swift
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import CoreBluetooth
 import WhoopProtocol
 
-/// Which strap the user is pairing. The user picks this before scanning so we
-/// look for exactly one device family instead of guessing — a WHOOP 4.0 scan no
-/// longer waits forever on a WHOOP 5/MG wrist, and vice versa.
+/// Which strap the user is pairing. The user pick remains the preferred scan
+/// target, and reconnect can rotate to the other family if that preference is
+/// stale after an update or restore.
 public enum WhoopModel: String, CaseIterable, Identifiable, Hashable {
     case whoop4   = "WHOOP 4.0"
     case whoop5mg = "WHOOP 5.0 / MG"
@@ -11,6 +11,13 @@ public enum WhoopModel: String, CaseIterable, Identifiable, Hashable {
     public var id: String { rawValue }
     public var displayName: String { rawValue }
 
+    var fallbackScanModel: WhoopModel {
+        switch self {
+        case .whoop4:   return .whoop5mg
+        case .whoop5mg: return .whoop4
+        }
+    }
+
     /// The protocol-layer device family this model maps to — drives framing (CRC8 vs CRC16),
     /// characteristic UUIDs, and the CLIENT_HELLO handshake.
     public var deviceFamily: DeviceFamily {